... the formation of a bipolar mitotic spindle Hence, understanding the regulation of mitotic spindle biogenesis, the subject of this dissertation, is crucial for gaining insights into the chromosome ... Chapter1 Introduction All spindles are bipolar, but the structure of the spindle pole differs in different organisms The spindle pole is pivotal to the biogenesis of the mitotic spindle In mammalian ... C-terminus of ubiquitin, forming a covalent thioester bond between the terminal glycine of ubiquitin (Gly76) with a cysteine in the active-site of E1 In the second step, an ubiquitin-conjugating...