... 2.2 Synthesis of materials 2.2.1 Preparation of apple and tomato peels as adsorbents 37 2.2.2 Immobilization of Apple peel 38 2.2.3 Synthesis of Au and Ag nanoparticles 38 2.2.4 Synthesis of ESM ... of binding groups Amination of hydroxyl groups, carboxylation of hydroxyl group, phosphorylation of hydroxyl group, carboxylation of amine group, amination of carboxyl group, saponification of ... selection of appropriate material Most studies reported the use of particular biopeel for the extraction of a single pollutant Reports on the use of single biopeel for the extraction of various...