Transoesophageal Echocardiography - part 7 pps
Transoesophageal Echocardiography - part 7 pps
... lateral wall
E post-myocardial infarction scarring often causes wall thickening
greater than 9 mm
5. A normal isovolumic relaxation time is
A 7 9 µs
B 70 –90 µs
C 0 .7 0.9 ms
D 7 9 ms
E 70 –90 ms
6. Isovolumic ... mid- to late-systole
Early AV closure
Mid-systolic AV closure
Dilated cardiomyopathy
Definition
Four-chamber enlargement with impaired RV and LV
systolic function
Aetiology
Idio...
Transoesophageal Echocardiography - part 2 ppsx
... impregnated with tungsten limits ‘ringing’
Improves axial resolution
4 Transoesophageal Echocardiography
A
Amplitude
Peak-to-peak amplitude
Fig. 1.2
Amplitude
Fig. 1.3
Amplitude (A)
A = max. ... reflection)
air/lung (scatter)
8 Transoesophageal Echocardiography
Hi
g
h intensit
y
Low intensit
y
Fig. 1.6
Intensity
High intensity Low intensity
Fig. 1 .7
Properties of ultrasound
In...
Transoesophageal Echocardiography - part 3 ppsx
... scan lines gives 2-D image at 30–60 frames/s
3-D echo
Requires:
sequential acquisition of 2-D data from multiple planes
digitization of data and off-line reconstruction
Time-consuming
Instrumentation
Six ... time-related
events
2-D imaging
Multiple narrow beams of pulsed U/S
B mode can be moved through path by sonographer to create 2-D
picture, but slow and patient movement causes artefacts
R...
Transoesophageal Echocardiography - part 6 ppsx
... Normal interventricular septum thickness measured in mid-diastole is
A 1–2 mm
B 2–5 mm
C 5 7 mm
D 7 12 mm
E 12– 17 mm
78 Transoesophageal Echocardiography
Fig. 4.1
↑LV M (concentric hypertrophy)
Diastolic ... opens
Ventricular function
77
Non-TOE assessment
(1) MRI: high resolution, 3-D images
LV function, extent of ischaemia
(2) Nuclear imaging: myocardial scintigraphy (Tec-99)
= ‘...
Transoesophageal Echocardiography - part 8 ppsx
... 6.2)
Peak PG vs. ‘Peak-to-peak’ PG (Fig. 6 .7)
P
1
= peak PG by Doppler
Instantaneous
Maximum difference between aorta and LV pressures during systole at
one instant in time
P
2
= ‘peak-to-peak’ pressure ... TR
Pulmonary valve
Pulmonary stenosis
Aetiology
(1) Congenital
Uni-/bi-/quadricuspid valve
Fallot’s tetralogy
112 Transoesophageal Echocardiography
B transvalvular gradient overestim...
Transoesophageal Echocardiography - part 9 ppsx
... exudates on pericardial surface
Fibrin strands appear as ‘soap-suds’ on visceral pericardium
126 Transoesophageal Echocardiography
Right-sided aortic arch
Abnormal coronary anatomy
Treatment
Close ... cannulation
4. Regarding cardiac vegetations
A transthoracic echocardiography is more sensitive than
transoesophageal echocardiography for diagnosis
B transoesophageal echocardiogram...
Peterson’s master toefl writing skills part 7 ppsx
... ten-minute
HYPHENATED ADJ.
speech.
Error Examples
WRONG: I lived in a two-hundred-years-old house in Rome.
RIGHT: I lived in a two-hundred-year-old house in Rome.
WRONG: He bought a three-hundred-dollars ... three-hundred-dollars suit.
RIGHT: He bought a three-hundred-dollar suit.
WRONG: The teacher told us to read the five-hundred-pages book.
RIGHT: The teacher told us to read the five-hundr...
Fundamentals of english grammar third edition part 7 pps
...
EXERCISE
7.
-ING
and -ED forms. (Chart 2-5 )
Diremom:
Write the
-ing
and
-ed
forms of the following verbs. (The simple past/past
participle of irregular verbs is given in parentheses.)
-1 NG ... explain
,
20. burn
EXERCISE
8.
-ING
and -ED forms. (Chart 2-5 )
rl?
1
Directions:
Write the
-ing
and
-ed
forms of the following verbs.
',I,
-1 NG
-BD
1.
ope...
The official guide to the toefl ibt third edition part 7 ppsx
... focus on facts, details, defini-
tions, or other information presented by the author. They ask you to identify spe-
cific information that is typically mentioned only in part of the passage. They
generally ... each type, and you’ll see examples of each type with expla-
nations. You’ll also find tips that can help you answer each TOEFL Reading Ques-
tion type.
Basic Information and Inferenc...
Graphic-Multimedia part 7 ppsx
... lệnh -f 0
-o <tên file> tên file sẽ xuất ra với dạng .divx (phải chỉ cả đường dẫn-nếu không nó
sẽ được lưu cùng thư mục với -v).
-x <tên file> tên file XML sẽ xuấ
t ra
-f <mode> ... là
Code:
E:\>fuse\fuse -v a.avi -s subtitle.xsub -o film.divx
Trong đó -v là file video ta đang muốn tích hợp phụ đề, -s là file Xsub muốn mux
và -o là tên của file .divx muố...
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