Insulin Action and Its Disturbances in Disease - part 3 ppsx
Insulin Action and Its Disturbances in Disease - part 3 ppsx
... (PHAS-1) are in uenced by insulin. PHAS-1
binds to the eIF-4E cap binding protein, insulin enhances phosphorylation of
PHAS-1 and favours dissociation of eIF-4E and PHAS-1.
14
This allows for
binding ... the
amount of circulating insulin; the biological effect or action of insulin (i.e. insulin
sensitivity, S
i
); and the impact of glucose itself on its own disposal, indepe...
Insulin Action and Its Disturbances in Disease - part 1 ppsx
... to play
major roles in insulin action, namely those transmitted by the enzyme phospho-
inositide 3- kinase (PI 3- kinase), which generates PtdIns (3, 4,5)tris-phosphate at
Insulin Resistance. Edited ... perhaps, in view of the data obtained from over-expression
studies, knockout of APS in mice results in a phenotype of increased insulin
sensitivity and hypoinsulinaemia.
23...
Insulin Action and Its Disturbances in Disease - part 3 pptx
... (eIF-4E), eIF-4G and phospho-
rylated heat–acid-stable protein (PHAS-1) are in uenced by insulin. PHAS-1
binds to the eIF-4E cap binding protein, insulin enhances phosphorylation of
PHAS-1 and ... with insulin.
23
The synthesis of rRNAs has been
shown to increase after insulin treatment in a variety of cell types including
fibroblasts,
22, 24
myoblasts
23
and hepatocytes.
2...
Insulin Action and Its Disturbances in Disease - part 4 ppsx
... frequency.
45
ICV injection of insulin reduces food intake and
body weight in baboons and rodents
171, 172
and administration of anti -insulin
antibodies into the rat hypothalamus increases food intake.
1 73
In ... B. (1 939 ) Insulin- sensitive and insulin insensitive types
of diabetes mellitus. Clin Sci 4, 119–152.
3. Yalow, R. S. and Berson, S. A. (1960) Plasma insul...
Insulin Action and Its Disturbances in Disease - part 4 pdf
... (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-
6), leptin, resistin, the renin–angiotensin system (RAS), plasminogen activator
inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) and more recently omentin and visfatin.
79
TheroleofTNF-α,
leptin, ... Physiol 2 53, 121– 133 .
24. Keller-Wood, M. E., Wade, C. E., Shinsako, J., Keil, L. C., van Loon, G. R. and
Dallman, M. F. (19 83) Insulin- induced hypoglycemia in conscious dogs: effect...
Insulin Action and Its Disturbances in Disease - part 5 pptx
... of
adiponectin expression, both in vivo and in vitro.
75, 230 – 233
Infusion or injec-
tion of adiponectin is able to improve insulin sensitivity and reduce adiposity in
mice.
234 – 236
The inverse ... depend in part on activation of phosphatidyl inositol -3 - kinase down-
stream from IRS1 and 2. However, a second pathway, involving interaction of
the tyrosine kinase cCbl...
Insulin Action and Its Disturbances in Disease - part 6 pps
... insulin action via increased insulin receptor expression and increased
activation of insulin receptor kinase.
91
11.4 Summary
Whole body insulin sensitivity is the product of a complex interaction ... (1996)
Abdominal fat and insulin resistance in normal and overweight women. Diabetes 45,
633 – 638 .
6. Weyer, C., Hanson, K., Bogardus, C. and Pratley, R. E. (2000) Long-...
Insulin Action and Its Disturbances in Disease - part 8 pdf
... factor in IR
∗
p-value = 0.002 31 5
16p 13 pter CHD LOD = 3. 06 31 6
3q27 CHD LOD = 2. 13 316
8q 23 T2DM, HBP LOD = 2.55 31 6
6q22–q 23 Insulin resistance, obesity LOD = 3. 5 1 83
∗
Insulin resistance.
plasma ... of the insulin receptor substrate-1 being a prominent mechanism for
TNF-α-induced insulin resistance.
228
Physiologically, TNF-α could affect sev-
eral metabolic f...
Insulin Action and Its Disturbances in Disease - part 9 pot
... within myocytes. This accumulation triggers PKC and IKK-
β-mediated serine phosphorylation of IRS-1, inhibiting insulin- induced tyrosine
phosphorylation of IRS-1 and IRS-1-associated PI3-kinase ... abnormality in insulin receptor phos-
phorylation in cells from women with PCOS. Increased insulin- dependent serine
phosphorylation of the insulin receptor β-subunit in skin fibrob...
Insulin Action and Its Disturbances in Disease - part 10 ppt
... Phosphorylation of Ser307 in insulin receptor substrate-1 blocks
interactions with the insulin receptor and inhibits insulin action. JBiolChem277,
1 531 –1 537 .
154. Jiang, G., Dallas-Yang, Q., Liu, F., ... of insulin receptor tyro-
sine kinase activity in TNF- - and obesity-induced insulin resistance. Science 271,
665–668.
562 DRUG THERAPY FOR INSULIN RESISTANCE – A...
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