Insulin Action and Its Disturbances in Disease - part 1 ppsx
Insulin Action and Its Disturbances in Disease - part 1 ppsx
... 217
8 .16 Glucocorticoid metabolism and obesity 217
8 .17 11 β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (11 β-HSD) 218
8 .18 Isoenzymes of 11 β-HSD 218
8 .19 11 β-HSD and obesity 219
8.20 Sex steroid metabolism and ... RECEPTOR AND DOWNSTREAM SIGNALLING
L1′L2
L2′
insulin
Fn
Fn
CR CR′
e1 e2
L1
Figure 1. 3 Insulin receptor ligand binding model (adapted from reference 15 )
1
The Ins...
Insulin Action and Its Disturbances in Disease - part 3 ppsx
... (PHAS -1 ) are in uenced by insulin. PHAS -1
binds to the eIF-4E cap binding protein, insulin enhances phosphorylation of
PHAS -1 and favours dissociation of eIF-4E and PHAS -1 .
14
This allows for
binding ... sensitivity 22
FOXO1 transgenic Increased insulin sensitivity 62
PTP-1B −/− Enhanced insulin/ leptin sensitivity 26
SHIP2 −/− Increased insulin sensitivity/hypoglycemi...
Insulin Action and Its Disturbances in Disease - part 4 ppsx
... frequency.
45
ICV injection of insulin reduces food intake and
body weight in baboons and rodents
17 1, 17 2
and administration of anti -insulin
antibodies into the rat hypothalamus increases food intake.
17 3
In ... Cellular mechanisms of insulin resistance. J Clin Invest 10 6,
17 1 17 6.
66. Zierath, J. R., Krook, A. and Wallberg-Henriksson, H. (2000) Insulin action...
Insulin Action and Its Disturbances in Disease - part 3 pptx
... (PHAS -1 ) are in uenced by insulin. PHAS -1
binds to the eIF-4E cap binding protein, insulin enhances phosphorylation of
PHAS -1 and favours dissociation of eIF-4E and PHAS -1 .
14
This allows for
binding ... body protein synthesis in type I (insulin-
dependent) diabetes patients by insulin- plus-glucose during amino acid infusion: studies
of incorporation and turnover of...
Insulin Action and Its Disturbances in Disease - part 4 pdf
... acids and inhibits pancreatic
insulin secretion.
10
11 β-HSD AND OBESITY 219
11 β-HSD2, a 405-amino-acid protein, is encoded for on chromosome 16 , and
is localized to tissue expressing mineralocorticoid ... the renin–angiotensin system (RAS), plasminogen activator
inhibitor -1 (PAI -1 ) and more recently omentin and visfatin.
79
TheroleofTNF-α,
leptin, Il-6, resistin and a...
Insulin Action and Its Disturbances in Disease - part 5 pptx
... resistin levels in obesity.
209
The resistin mRNA encodes
a 11 4-amino-acid polypeptide containing a 20-amino-acid signal sequence. The
secreted protein, resistin, is a 94-amino-acid disulfide-linked ... (2000) In vivo admin-
istration of leptin activates signal transduction directly in insulin- sensitive tissues:
overlapping but distinct pathways from insulin. Endocrinology 14 1, 23...
Insulin Action and Its Disturbances in Disease - part 6 pps
... insulin action via increased insulin receptor expression and increased
activation of insulin receptor kinase.
91
11. 4 Summary
Whole body insulin sensitivity is the product of a complex interaction ... adipose-derived protein Acrp30. J Clin
Invest 10 8 (12 ), 18 75 18 81.
THE IMPORTANCE OF BODY FATNESS 3 01
circulating free fatty acids have been linked to insulin resistanc...
Insulin Action and Its Disturbances in Disease - part 8 pdf
... factors.
PC -1
Plasma cell membrane glycoprotein -1 (PC -1 ) inhibits insulin receptor (IR) tyro-
sine kinase activity and subsequent cellular signalling, possibly by inhibiting
the IR by directly interacting ... potentially
restoring cortisone into active cortisol, and 11 β-HSD-2 (mainly localized in the
kidney), which inactivates cortisol unidirectionally.
209
The renal 11 β-HS...
Insulin Action and Its Disturbances in Disease - part 9 pot
... within myocytes. This accumulation triggers PKC and IKK-
β-mediated serine phosphorylation of IRS -1 , inhibiting insulin- induced tyrosine
phosphorylation of IRS -1 and IRS -1 - associated PI3-kinase ... resistance. J Clin Invest 10 1,
11 11 11 20.
21. Dunaif, A., Green, G., Phelps, R. G., Lebwohl, M., Futterweit, W. and Lewy, L. (19 91)
Acanthosis nigricans, insulin action,...
Insulin Action and Its Disturbances in Disease - part 10 ppt
... Relationship to insulin resistance. J Clin
Invest 97, 11 11 11 16.
15 9. Hotamisligil, G. S. et al. (19 96) IRS -1 - mediated inhibition of insulin receptor tyro-
sine kinase activity in TNF- - and obesity-induced ... in the insulin- receptor gene. Diabetes 41, 14 73 14 90.
17 . Olefsky, J. M. (19 76) Decreased insulin binding to adipocytes and circulating monocytes
from...
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