...
Neuroblastoma
Chapter 081. Principles of
Cancer Treatment
(Part 8)
Principles of Chemotherapy
Medical oncology is the subspecialty of internal medicine that cares for and
designs treatment ... Chemotherapy may be
employed after the failure of these modalities to eradicate a local tumor or as part
of multimodality approaches to offer primary treatment to a...
... the target volume is often the cause of
complications to tissues in the transit volume, and the minimum dose in the target
Chapter 081. Principles of
Cancer Treatment
(Part 5)
Although ... include the D
0
of
the tumor (the dose required to deliver an average of one lethal hit to all the cells
in a population), the D
q
of the tumor (the threshold dose—a measure...
... organism or site.
Chapter 081. Principles of
Cancer Treatment
(Part 19)
Solid Tumors
Small-molecule epidermal growth factor (EGF) antagonists act at the ATP
binding site of the EGF receptor ... function. Titration of this effect determines the MTD of the agent on
a given schedule. The normal kinetics of blood cell turnover influence the
sequence and sensitivity...
... benefit. One of the challenges of cancer
treatment is to use the various treatment modalities alone and together in a fashion
that maximizes the chances for patient benefit.
Cancer treatments ... attention to minimizing the toxicity of
potentially toxic treatments becomes a significant goal. Irrespective of the clinical
scenario, the guiding principle of cancer treatme...
... those with pancolonic involvement with ulcerative colitis), the presence of
Chapter 081. Principles of
Cancer Treatment
(Part 2)
Figure 81-1
...
Principles of Cancer Surgery
Surgery is used in cancer prevention, diagnosis, staging, treatment (for both
localized and metastatic disease), palliation, and rehabilitation.
Prophylaxis
Cancer ... incisional b...
... information for treatment planning and may determine the extent and nature of
primary cancer treatment.
Treatment
Surgery is the most effective means of treating cancer. Today about 40% of
cancer ... resection of certain tumors that would otherwise not be
possible.
Chapter 081. Principles of
Cancer Treatment
(Part 3)
Staging
As noted in Chap. 77, an i...
... Chapter 081. Principles of
Cancer Treatment
(Part 4)
Palliation
Surgery is employed in a number of ways for supportive care: insertion of
central venous catheters, control of pleural ... for recurrent pulmonary emboli, stabilization of cancer-
weakened weight-bearing bones, and control of hemorrhage, among others.
Surgical bypass of gastrointestinal, urinary...
... dose of therapeutic radiation exists below which the
incidence of second cancers is decreased. High rates of second tumors occur in
people who receive as little as 1000 cGy.
Chapter 081. Principles ... breast cancer, Hodgkin's disease, head and neck cancer,
prostate cancer, and gynecologic cancers. Radiation therapy can also palliate
disease symptoms in a variety of...
... described in Chapter 80, successful tumors have
activated biochemical pathways that lead to uncontrolled proliferation through the
Chapter 081. Principles of
Cancer Treatment
(Part 7)
Karnofsky ... providing a basis for patients to make sensible
choices.
Cancer Drugs: Overview and Principles for Use
Cancer drug treatments are of four broad types. Conventional
ch...
... endogenous regulators of the cell death
pathway are activated (Fig. 81-3).
Figure 81-3
Chapter 081. Principles of
Cancer Treatment
(Part 9)
Following demonstration of activity in animal ... improve their use.
A general view of how cancer treatments work is that the interaction of a
chemotherapeutic drug with its target induces a "cascade" of further...