A Complete Guide to Programming in C++ part 34 doc
A Complete Guide to Programming in C++ part 34 doc
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ENUMERATION
■
309
ᮀ Definition
An enumeration is a user-definable, integral type. An enumeration is defined using the
enum keyword. A range of values and a name for these values are also defined at the
same time.
Example: ... 1,
and Ellipse a value of 2. A Shape type variable can only assume one of these values.
Example: Shape shape = Rectangle; // Variable shape
//
switch(shape)...
A Complete Guide to Programming in C++ part 2 doc
... 322
Initializing Arrays 324
Arrays 326
Class Arrays 328
Multidimensional Arrays 330
Member Arrays 332
Exercises 334
Solutions 338
Chapter 17 Arrays and Pointers 349
Arrays and Pointers (1) 350
Arrays ... container adapters, such as stacks, queues, and priority queues;
associative containers, such as sets and maps; and bitsets. In addition to discussing how
to manage containers, the c...
A Complete Guide to Programming in C++ part 7 docx
... declare and call standard functions and
■ use standard classes.
This includes using standard header files. In addition, we will be working
with string variables, i.e. objects belonging to the standard ... Definitions
In addition to standard function prototypes, the header files also contain standard class
definitions. When a header file is included, the classes defined and any objec...
A Complete Guide to Programming in C++ part 16 doc
... As toupper only converts the letters
of the English alphabet by default, any national characters, such as accentuated charac-
ters in other languages, must be dealt with individually. A program ... systems, such as DOS,
Win**, WinNT, and UNIX are capable of redirecting standard input and output. This
allows easy data manipulation.
For example, if you need to output text.dat with line nu...
A Complete Guide to Programming in C++ part 22 doc
... 197
Storage Classes and
Namespaces
This chapter begins by describing storage classes for objects and
functions.The storage class is responsible for defining those parts of a
program where an object ... scope
Function
■
STORAGE CLASSES OF OBJECTS
ᮀ Availability of Objects
C++ program
ᮀ Storage Class Specifiers
The storage class of an object is determined by
■ the position of its declaratio...
A Complete Guide to Programming in C++ part 24 doc
... a namespace within another
namespace.
Global identifiers belonging to the C++ standard library automatically belong to the
standard namespace std.
exercises
212
■
CHAPTER 11 ST0RAGE CLASSES AND ... need to repeatedly quote the namespace. Just like
normal declarations, using declarations and using directives can occur at any part of
the program.
ᮀ using Declarations
A using decla...
A Complete Guide to Programming in C++ part 25 doc
...
increments the variable var. Within the function, any access to the reference a auto-
matically accesses the supplied variable, var.
If an object is passed as an argument when passing by reference, ... need to read arguments, but not copy them, you can define a read-only reference
as a parameter.
Example: void display( const string& str);
The function display() contains a str...
A Complete Guide to Programming in C++ part 30 doc
... at data encapsulation.
Access methods offer a far more useful way of accessing the private data members.
Access methods allow data to be read and manipulated in a controlled manner. If the
access ... impact a program’s runtime. In
fact, saving a re-entry address and jumping to the called function and back into the call-
ing function can take more time than executing the functi...
A Complete Guide to Programming in C++ part 33 docx
... encapsulation also apply to static data members. A static data
member declared as public is therefore directly accessible to any object.
If the static data members min and max in the Result class ... and member functions belonging to the same class are normally defined in
one source file.
ACCESSING STATIC DATA MEMBERS
■
307
ᮀ Static Data Members and Encapsulation
The normal rules...
A Complete Guide to Programming in C++ part 37 docx
... of
// Eratosthenes.
//
#include <iostream>
#include <iomanip>
using namespace std;
#define LIMIT 1000 // Upper limit
bool flags[LIMIT] = { false, false}; // Array with flags
int main()
{
register ... class TelList
#include <iostream>
#include <iomanip>
using namespace std;
bool TelList::append( const string& name,
const string& telNr)
{
if( count < MAX // S...
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