hardware and computer organization the software perspective

... Elsevier Hardware and Computer Organization The Software Perspective By Arnold S. Berger Introduction and Overview of Hardware Architecture 15 Now we’re finally there. We’ll take advantage of the ... from the chip or write data to it, and 2. any memory cell in the chip may be accessed at any time, once the appropriate address of the cell is presented to the chi...

Ngày tải lên: 03/07/2014, 16:10

... BASIC. The fourth generation, roughly 1969–1977 was the age of the minicomputer. The minicomputer was the computer of the masses. It wasn’t quite the PC, but it moved the computer out of the sterile ... architecture, then contact ARM directly and ask them nicely for a copy of the ARM tools suite. Tell them Arnie sent you. For Vivian and Andrea Hardware and...

Ngày tải lên: 02/07/2014, 14:20

... representation of the NAND and NOR gates as a combination of the AND gate with the NOT gate, and the OR gate with the NOT gate, respectively. C is FALSE if A is TRUE AND B is TRUE A AND B C NOT A NAND B C C ... Enab le Introduction and Overview of Hardware Architecture 19 and then arrange them as a list of numbers to be added together, as we’ve done on the right...

Ngày tải lên: 02/07/2014, 14:20

... of its travel and stop the watch when it travels to the side and returns, you would measure the period of the pendulum. The grandfather’s clock uses the fact that the period of the pendulum’s ... = 1 and C = 1 to the first AND gate. Since both inputs are ‘1’, the output of this AND gate is 1. The output of this AND gate is the input to the OR gate. Since...

Ngày tải lên: 02/07/2014, 14:20

... pulse. The left-hand side of the table shows the state of the outputs before the clock pulse and the right hand side of the table shows the state of the outputs after the clock pulse. The areas ... instruction tells the computer to add together the contents of the A register and the B register and place the result back into register A. If there is any...

Ngày tải lên: 02/07/2014, 14:20

... goes to the OE tri-state controls and the other goes to the CLK input. What would the circuit inside of the block on the left actually look like? Right now, you have all of the knowledge and information ... another alternative. In this scenario, the memory system may assert the WAIT signal back to the processor. The processor checks the state of the WAIT sig...

Ngày tải lên: 02/07/2014, 14:20

... following the op-code word) If size = 00, then the data is the low order byte of the immediate word. If size = 01, then the data is the entire immediate word. If size = 10, then the data is the next ... tab character. The two operands should be separated from each other by a comma. There is no white space between the operands and the comma. 4. The comment is the...

Ngày tải lên: 02/07/2014, 14:20

... instruction subtracts the source operand from the destination operand, but does not place the result back into the destination operand. Thus, neither operand is changed. Only the condition code ... binary) Add the source and destination operands and place the result in the destination operand. A data register must be the source or destination operand of an ADD instruc...

Ngày tải lên: 02/07/2014, 14:20

... separate READ and WRITE signals, we synthesize the READ signal with the NOT gate and the OR gate. We also use the OR gate and the AS signal to qualify the READ and WRITE signals, with the OR gate ... valid. Therefore, we will approach our look at the x86 family from the perspective of the 8086. There are many other references available on the follow-on arc...

Ngày tải lên: 02/07/2014, 14:20

... limited to buying the particular parts from the vendor’s inventory. If the customer wanted a variant part, they either bought the closest part they could find and then placed the additional circuitry ... posi- tions with the original value of the highest bit. The low order bit is shifted into the CF position ROL Rotate left Rotates the bits of the operand to the le...

Ngày tải lên: 02/07/2014, 14:20