... that
life
continues
be-
yond
the
grave,
in
a
land
where
each
of
the
uyus
has
its
indi-
vidual
abode.
When
one
dies,
his
or
her
soul
is
taken
to
the
domain
of
the
uyu
who
was
the
cause
of
death.
An
individual
enjoys
the
same
status
and
life-style
that
he
or
she
had
while
alive.
For
this
reason
the
deceased
is
provided
with
food,
drink,
possessions,
and
other
tools
and
provisions
to
ensur...
... her
four
grandpar-
ental
clans
in
common
with
his.
Polygyny
is
allowed
though
not
common,
and
the
custom
of
adelphic
polyandry,
or
the
sexual
access
by
an
unmarried
man
to
his
brother's
wife-
which
was
often
practiced
by
at
least
non-Muslim
peasant
Jat,
in
order
to
prevent
further
fragmentation
of
land-has
de-
clined
in
recent
decades.
Among
all
Jat,
widow
remarriage
is
permitted;
ei...
...
Conflict.
There
is
no
solid
evidence
of
warfare
in
the
Nilgiris
involving
the
Kotas
and
other
tribes.
They
claim,
however,
that
the
ritual
drum,
e-rtabatk,
was
originally
used
in
battle.
Religion
and
Expressive
Culture
Religious
Beliefs.
Kotas
consider
themselves
Hindus
and
no
Kotas
have
gone
on
record
as
converting
to
any
other
reli-
gion,
although
one
or
two
marriages
have
reportedly
occ...
... Oriya
215
Boys
and
girls
marry
after
puberty,
boys
usually
at
1 6-2 0
years.
This
follows
a
period
in
which
both
sexes
sleep
in
a
youth
dormitory
(dhumkuria).
Boys
are
branded
on
the
arm
before
being
admitted
to
this
institution.
The
dormitory
pro-
vides
a
pool
of
agricultural
labor
that
can
be
hired
when
nec-
essary.
Most
Oraons
are
farmers,
and
in
the
past
they
prac-
ticed
shifting
cult...
... the
four
major
Dravidian
languages
of
south
India.
They
can
be
considered
a
caste
and
are
endogamous.
Location.
Kerala
State
lies
at
the
southernmost
extremity
of
the
peninsula
between
8'18'
and
12°48'
N
and
between
74°52'
and
77'22'
E
and
stretches
along
the
shores
of
the
Sherpa
257
sity
tuition
and
perhaps
a
hotly
contested
place
in
a
medical
college,
w...
...
Contents
Project
Staff
vi
Contributors
vii
Preface
xiii
Introduction
xix
Maps
1.
South
Asia
xxviii
2.
Cultural
Regions
of
South
Asia
xxix
3.
Major
Languages
of
South
Asia
xxx
4.
Dominant
Religious
Groups
of
South
Asia
xxxi
5.
Cultural
Groups
of
South
Asia
xxxii
Cultures
of
South
Asia
1
Appendix:
Additional
Castes,
Caste
Clusters,
and
Tribes
309
Bibliograph...
... he
must
learn
to
read
the
classical
Arabic
language)
can
eventually
become
the
worship
leader
(mullah
or
imam)
of
a
local
mosque
if
so
chosen
by
the
congregation.
Further
study
of
the
Quran
and
of
Muslim
law
(the
sharia)
may
qualify
a
man
to
be
a
religious
leader
with
a
wider
following,
greater
stature,
and
sometimes
significant
political
influence.
Bengali
29
Roland,
Joan
(1989).
Jews...
... a
diviner
has
identified
what
is
to
be
done.
There
are
all
manner
of
private
curing
rituals,
and
these
are
held
by
whomever
knows
how,
not
by
professionals;
they
tend
to
involve
sacrifices
to
intruding
spirits,
soul
recall-
ing,
and
the
leaving
of
miniature
images
of
wealth
outside
the
village
for
the
spirits.
There
are
few
definite
seasonal
calen-
drical
ceremonies,
but
village
rites
m...
... old
culture
is
comprised
of
three
main
layers:
the
Tamil-Malayalam
substratum
with
its
many
subtle
roots;
old
Sinhala
culture
and
language,
which
is
the
dominant
element;
and
the
phase
of
Arabic
in-
fluence.
But
the
Maldives
were
touched
by
every
cultural
wind
that
passed
over
the
Indian
Ocean.
Since
independence
there
has
again
been
influence
from
Sri
Lanka,
through
its
teachers
brought...
... Muslim
septs,
with
the
latter
being
Sunni
converts
retaining
some
of
their
Hindu
practices.
Most
keep
copies
of
the
Quran
in
their
homes;
however,
like
Hindus
they
worship
a
family
deity.
Brahman
priests
are
consulted
to
determine
a
lucky
time
for
the
first
bath
for
the
mother
after
a
baby
is
born.
Id-al-Zuha
(Id-al-Adha)
and
Id-al-Fitr
are
their
two
most
important
fes-
tivals.
Gujar
Musl...