... twin to the
umbilical vein ofthe other. This abnormal connection
can cause serious complications including loss of the
pregnancy.
GALE ENCYCLOPEDIAOFGENETIC DISORDERS
7
Acardia
The GALE
ENCYCLOPEDIA ... activity. These
individuals have no symptoms of AKU. However, they
are carriers of AKU and can pass the gene on to their off-
spring.
All ofthe offspring of two parents with AKU will
inherit the disorder. ... some
feminization. The degree of severity is a direct result of
the degree of severity ofthegenetic alteration in the
androgen receptor and resulting amount of functional
androgen receptor. The internal...
... OF DIABETES MELLITUS
GEAM - D to K 10 /11 /04 3:23 PM Page 617
GALE ENCYCLOPEDIAOF ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2
618
Diabetes mellitus
A. 19 91
B. 20 01
No data Ͻ4% 4%–6% 7%–8% 9% 10 % 10 %
Maps of 19 91 ... xxi
Entries
Volume 1: A-C 1
Volume 2: D-K 523
Volume 3: L-R 10 29
Volume 4: S-Z 15 23
Organizations 219 9
Glossary 2225
General Index 2293
GEAM FM 10 /12 /04 2:25 PM Page v
the plant is in flower and then ... hydrocephalus
GALE ENCYCLOPEDIAOF ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2
597
Dementia
GEAM - D to K 10 /11 /04 3:23 PM Page 597
GALE ENCYCLOPEDIAOF ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2
V
CONTENTS
List of Entries vii
About the Encyclopedia...
... nutritional
supplements are not regulated by the Food and Drug Ad-
GALE ENCYCLOPEDIAOF ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2
11 97
Lecithin
GEAM - L to R 10 /27/04 6 :18 PM Page 11 97
The GaleEncyclopediaof Alternative Medicine ... (2000): 575–82.
GALE ENCYCLOPEDIAOF ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2
12 45
Lutein
GEAM - L to R 10 /27/04 6 :18 PM Page 12 45
GALE ENCYCLOPEDIAOF ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2
12 05
Leukemia
A magnified stain of chronic ... media ofthe normal eye and
resulting in the focusing of images on the retina.
Refractive power The degree of refraction of an
eye.
Strabismus—Failure ofthe two eyes to direct their
gaze at the...
... to an affect-
ed area of skin.
GALE ENCYCLOPEDIAOF ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2
17 91
Scallion
GEAM - S to Z 10 /11 /04 3:45 PM Page 17 91
gist named Biel Cassals, M.D., noticed in 19 69 that saliva
would ... against the
GALEENCYCLOPEDIAOF ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2
17 80
Saliva sample testing
GEAM - S to Z 10 /11 /04 3:45 PM Page 17 80
Both genders may experience kidney damage. The
environment ofthe kidney ... physical education teachers.
GALE ENCYCLOPEDIAOF ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2
18 06
Scoliosis
GEAM - S to Z 10 /11 /04 3:45 PM Page 18 06
lie comfortably. The bottom ofthe light-proof and
sound-insulated chamber...
... visual center ofthe brain (the visual cortex) at the
back ofthe head.
The visual cortex sends instruction to the eye
based on whether the object of vision is near or far
and whether the surrounding ... influence ofthe ciliary
body, the lens further bends and directs the incoming
light back to the retina. There it is received and trans-
ferred through the optic nerve at the back ofthe eye to
the ... contribution to the research
came in 19 31 when he maintained the condition was
caused by the nervous system. Although Adie was
referring to the findings of other doctors during the
19 20s, the condition...
... their mother or
father. Sometimes the change occurs spontaneously when
the egg and sperm come together to form the first cell of
the baby. The children of a person with NF2 have a 50%
chance of inheriting ... brain
stem. The brain stem is the stalk-like portion ofthe brain
that joins the spinal cord to the cerebrum, the thinking and
reasoning part ofthe brain. Different parts ofthe brain-
stem have different ... fashion.
The cells that make up blood are produced in the bone
marrow and the lymph system. The bone marrow is the
spongy tissue found in the large bones ofthe body. The
lymph system includes the...
... affects the myelin
coating ofthe nerve fibers ofthe brain and spinal cord
• Guillain-Barré syndrome, an inflammation ofthe nerves
GALE ENCYCLOPEDIAOF CANCER
611
Lumbar puncture
dence of hepatitis ... parts ofthe larynx are affected and whether the
cancer has spread to neighboring areas ofthe neck or dis-
tant parts ofthe body.
The glottis is the middle part ofthe larynx. It con-
tains the ... not grow
back. However, other parts ofthe brain can take over
some, or all, ofthe function ofthe missing part of the
brain. Depending on the part ofthe brain removed, the
effects may be quite...
... York
GALE ENCYCLOPEDIAOF SCIENCE 3
xxxi
CONTRIBUTORS
TLFeBOOK
The
GALE
ENCYCLOPEDIA
of
Science
THIRD EDITION
tphtp_v2 10 /13 /03 10 :45 AM Page 1
TLFeBOOK
Sarah de Forest
Research Assistant
Theoretical ... warfare, mostly through the shelling of
tankers or facilities such as offshore production plat-
forms. During the Iran-Iraq War ofthe 19 80s and the
brief Gulf War of 19 91- 1992, oil spills were ... levelled the
city of Carthage and treated the surrounding fields with
salt to destroy the agricultural capability ofthe land,
thereby preventing the rebuilding ofthe city.
The attraction of chemicals...
... paper)
1. Nursing Care—Encyclopedias—English. 2. Allied Health
Personnel—Encyclopedias—English.
3. Nursing—Encyclopedias—English. WY 13 G1 51 2002]
RT 21 .G353 2002
610 .73'03—dc 21
20 010 40 910
GALE ... appreciation to them for their time and their expert
contributions.
The GALE
ENCYCLOPEDIA of
N
ursing
&
A
llied
H
ealth
VOLUME 1
A-C
Kristine Krapp, Editor
The GALE
ENCYCLOPEDIA of
N
ursing ... the
“GB20” points at the base ofthe skull in the back of the
head, just behind the bones in back ofthe ears. Disperse
these points for two minutes with the fingers or thumbs.
Also find the “yintang”...
... much.
History
The first people to identify the effects of epinephr-
ine were British physician George Oliver (18 41 19 15)
and endocrinologist Edward Albert Sharpey-Schafer
(18 50 19 35). In 18 94, they discovered ... has been made to ensure
the reliability ofthe information presented in
this publication, TheGale Group does not
guarantee the accuracy ofthe data contained
herein. TheGale Group accepts no ... available as an e-book.
ISBN -13 : 978 -1- 414 4-2990-8 (set); ISBN -10 : 1- 414 4-2990-8 (set).
Contact your Gale sales representative for ordering information.
Printed in China
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Project Editors
Laurie...
... also important that the size ofthe needle is selected
based on the thickness ofthe medication to be given and
the depth ofthe injection, while maximizing the patients
level of comfort during ... primer for the internist.” Southern
Medical Journal 94, no. 1 (20 01) : 2-5.
ORGANIZATIONS
American Academy of Family Physicians, 11 400 Tomahawk
Creek Parkway, Leawood, KS 66 211 -2672. ( 913 ) 906-
6000. ... and disorders
Resources
Key terms
CONTENTS
GALE ENCYCLOPEDIAOF NURSING AND ALLIED HEALTH
V
Introduction
vii
Advisory Board ix
Contributors xi
Entries
Volume 1: A-C 1
Volume 2: D-H 6 41
Volume...
... Illustrators Group.)
LetterA.qxd 10 /1/ 04 11 :02 AM Page 5
The
GALE
ENCYCLOPEDIA
of
NEurological
Disorders
FrontMatter1.qxd 10 /5/04 2: 21 PM Page i
GALE ENCYCLOPEDIAOF NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS
25
Alcohol-related ... necessary
to determine their effectiveness. Gene therapy, a possible
LetterA.qxd 10 /1/ 04 11 :02 AM Page 11
GALE ENCYCLOPEDIAOF NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS
31
Alpers’ disease
families. They are the Children’s ... disease
❙
Z
Zellweger syndrome
Zonisamide
GALE ENCYCLOPEDIAOF NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS
ix
List of Entries
FrontMatter1.qxd 10 /5/04 2: 21 PM Page ix
GALE ENCYCLOPEDIAOF NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS
11
Adrenoleukodystrophy
covering...