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A computer system consists of hardware, system programs, and application programs figs 2

A computer system consists of hardware, system programs, and application programs figs 1

A computer system consists of hardware, system programs, and application programs figs 1

... program and dataUser program and dataOperating System Address0xFFFFFFFFLimitBase0 (a) User -2 dataUser-1 dataUser programOperating System Base -2 Limit -2 Limit -2 Limit-1Base -2 Base-1(b)Limit-1Base-1 ... programs Hardware System programs CommandinterpreterMachine language MicroarchitecturePhysical devicesFig. 1-1. A computer system consists of hardware, system pro-grams, and application programs. Exp. Explicit Prefix ... serverNetworkFig. 1 -28 . The client-server model in a distributed system. Banking system AirlinereservationOperating system WebbrowserCompilers Editors Application programs Hardware System programs CommandinterpreterMachine...
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A computer system consists of hardware, system programs, and application programs figs 2

A computer system consists of hardware, system programs, and application programs figs 2

... of a global vari-able.Thread 1'scodeThread 2& apos;scodeThread 1'sstackThread 2& apos;sstackThread 1'sglobalsThread 2& apos;sglobalsFig. 2- 17. Threads can have private ... PROCESSES 2. 2 THREADS 2. 3 INTERPROCESS COMMUNICATION 2. 4 CLASSICAL IPC PROBLEMS 2. 5 SCHEDULING 2. 6 RESEARCH ON PROCESSES AND THREADS 2. 7 SUMMARY A enters critical region A leaves critical regionB attempts ... equal. Now we are engaged in a great civil war testing whether that nation, or any nation so conceived and so dedicated, can long endure. We are met on a great battlefield of that war....
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A computer system consists of hardware, system programs, and application programs figs 3

A computer system consists of hardware, system programs, and application programs figs 3

... Demonstration that the state in (a) is safe. A BC3 2 2947Free: 3 (a) A BC4 2 2947Free: 2 (b) A BC44 —4 2 97Free: 0(c) A BC4— 2 97Free: 4(d)Has Max Has Max Has Max Has MaxFig. ... E 2 , E3, …, Em)Current allocation matrixC11C 21 Cn1C 12 C 22 Cn2C13C 23 Cn3C1mC2mCnmRow n is current allocationto process nResources available (A 1, A 2 , A 3, …, A m)Request ... A BC3 2 2947Free: 3 (a) A BC34 2 947Free: 1(b) A BC30 –– 2 97Free: 5(c) A BC30797Free: 0(d)– A BC3009–Free: 7(e)Has Max Has Max Has Max Has Max Has MaxFig....
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A computer system consists of hardware, system programs, and application programs figs 4

A computer system consists of hardware, system programs, and application programs figs 4

... vector. (a) (b) (c) A0 A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 B0B1B2B3B4B5B6C1C2C3 A0 A1 A2 A3 A4 A6 B0B1B2B3B4B5B6C1C2C3 A0 A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 B0B1B2 A6 B4B5B6C1C2C3Age1075463946 2 56 12 356Fig. ... 0 20 20 1 20 03 11980 1 20 14 0 121 3 0 20 84 1 20 32 11 620 0 20 20 1 20 03 11980 1 20 14 0 22 04 1 20 84 1 20 32 11 620 0 20 20 1 20 03 11980 1 20 14 0Fig. 4 -22 . Operation of the WSClock algorithm. (a) and ... 1 21 35463747733533317134 21 3546334477755533713 21 354666644477755577 21 15555566644444455 22 1111111166666666 02 222 222 222 222 222 0000000000000000Fig. 4 -25 . The state of the memory array,...
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A computer system consists of hardware, system programs, and application programs figs 5

A computer system consists of hardware, system programs, and application programs figs 5

... rates.SparesectorsBadsector01 2 3456891011 12 13141516171819 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 (a) Replacementsector01 2 3456891011 12 13141516171819 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 7(b)01 2 34567891011 12 13141516171819 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 (c)Fig. 5 -29 . (a) A disk track with a bad sector. ... sector.01 2 345678910111 2 13141516171819 2 0 2 1 2 2 2 3 2 4 2 5 2 6 2 7 2 8 2 93031 2 9303101 2 345678910111 2 13141516171819 2 0 2 1 2 2 2 3 2 4 2 5 2 6 2 7 2 8 2 6 2 7 2 8 2 9303101 2 345678910111 2 13141516171819 2 0 2 1 2 2 2 3 2 4 2 5 2 3 2 4 2 5 2 6 2 7 2 8 2 9303101 2 345678910111 2 13141516171819 2 0 2 1 2 2 2 0 2 1 2 2 2 3 2 4 2 5 2 6 2 7 2 8 2 9303101 2 345678910111 2 13141516171819171819 2 0 2 1 2 2 2 3 2 4 2 5 2 6 2 7 2 8 2 9303101 2 345678910111 2 13141516Direction ... Some typical device, network, and bus data rates.SparesectorsBadsector01 2 3456891011 12 13141516171819 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 (a) Replacementsector01 2 3456891011 12 13141516171819 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 7(b)01 2 34567891011 12 13141516171819 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 (c)Fig....
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A computer system consists of hardware, system programs, and application programs figs 6

A computer system consists of hardware, system programs, and application programs figs 6

... 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 (d)1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 (c)1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 ... 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 (b)1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 (a) Fig. 6 -25 . Bit maps used by the logical dumping algorithm.1 ... quotatable.1181956 27 7 10 20 22 30 29 23 1411 2 3 48 9 12 13 1531 28 32 24 25 26 1617 21 File thathas changedFile that hasnot changedRoot directoryDirectory that has not changedFig. 6 -24 . A file system...
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A computer system consists of hardware, system programs, and application programs figs 7

A computer system consists of hardware, system programs, and application programs figs 7

... processes, each displaying a movie. Theframe rates and processing requirements per frame are differentfor each movie. A1 A1 A1 B1B1 A2 A2 A2 A3 A3 B3 A4 A3 B3 A4 A5 B4 A5 B4 A4 A5 B1 B2B2B2B3 ... 720 01 81001 20 700163001 2 90 02 180 02 270 02 360 02 450 02 540 02 720 02 810 02 2070 02 630 02 Frame 27 0 02 (about 15 min into the movie)Track 1Track 2 Track 3Order in which blocks are read from diskFig. ... server A0 A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 A6 A7 B0B1B2B3B4B5B6B7C0C1C2C3C4C5C6C7D0D1D2D3D4D5D6D7 (a) A0 A4 B0B4C0C4D0D4 A1 A5 B1B5C1C5D1D5 A2 A6 B2B6C2C6D2D6 A3 A7 B3B7C3C7D3D7(b) A0 A4 B3B7C2C6D1D5 A1 A5 B0B4C3C7D2D6 A2 A6 B1B5C0C4D3D7 A3 A7 B2B6C1C5D0D4(c) A0 A6 B3B4C0C7D1D6 A2 A5 B1B7C2C6D2D5 A1 A4 B2B5C3C4D3D4 A3 A7 B0B6C1C5D0D7(d) 123 4...
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A computer system consists of hardware, system programs, and application programs figs 8

A computer system consists of hardware, system programs, and application programs figs 8

... procedure call. The stubs areshaded gray. (a) Machine 1 Machine 2 Run-time system Operating system Shared memory Application HardwareRun-time system Operating system Application Hardware(b)Machine ... Machine 2 Run-time system Operating system Shared memory Application HardwareRun-time system Operating system Application Hardware(c)Machine 1 Machine 2 Run-time system Operating system Shared ... page 10.(c) Situation if page 10 is read only and replication is used.CPU 1Code usingvariable A ABSharedpageCPU 2 Code usingvariable B A BNetwork A and B are unrelatedshared variables...
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A computer system consists of hardware, system programs, and application programs figs 9

A computer system consists of hardware, system programs, and application programs figs 9

... A cryptographically-protected capability.Goal ThreatData confidentiality Exposure of dataData integrity Tampering with data System availability Denial of serviceFig. 9-1. Security goals and ... (b)After the procedure A has been called. (c) Buffer overflow shownin gray. (a) First page(in memory)Second page(not in memory)Pageboundary A A A A A A(b)B A A A A A (c)F A A A A A Fig. ... addr(b)SPVirtual address spaceBProgram(c)SPVirtual address spaceB A s localvariablesBuffer BMain’slocalvariablesReturn addr A s localvariablesFig. 9-11. (a) Situation when the main program...
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A computer system consists of hardware, system programs, and application programs figs 10

A computer system consists of hardware, system programs, and application programs figs 10

... parentAllocate child's stack and user areaFill child's user area from parentAllocate PID for childSet up child to share parent's textCopy page tables for data and stackSet up sharing ... fd is a file descriptor, and offset is a fileoffset.Page frame3Page frame 2 Page frame1Page frame04.3 BSDkernelTwo-handedclock scanscore mapMain memory Core map entryCore mapentries, ... share a mapped file. System call Descriptions = brk(addr) Change data segment size a = mmap(addr, len, prot, flags, fd, offset) Map a file ins = unmap(addr, len) Unmap a fileFig. 10-15. Some system...
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