C gom NO2 va NO c6 ti khoi so vdi hidro la 20,143 Tinh ạ
Hiic/ng dan gia
nhh(cọH,) = ^ = 0,lmol
Thiic chat phan ufng khuT cac oxit la: C O + O > C O 2 H 2 + O > H 2 O
Vay: no = npo + n„^ = O,lmol. mo = 1,6 gam.
Khoi lUcJng chat rSn con lai trong ong siJ la mrfn= 24 - 1,6 = 22,4 gam.
Chon dap an Ạ
B a i 9: Cho m gam mot ancol (rugu) n o , dOn chuTc X qua binh dimg CuO (du), nung nong. Sau khi phan ufng hoan toan, khoi Itfcfng chat ran trong binh giam 0,32 gam. H5n hop hoi thu diroc c6 ti khoi doi vdi hidro la 15,5. Gia tri cua m lạ
Ạ 0,92 gam. B . 0,32 gam. C . 0,64 gam. D. 0,46 gam.
HUdng dan giai
CnH2„^lCn20H + CuO ^ CnH2„.lCH0 + C u i + H2O
Khoi lirong chat rSn trong binh giam chinh la so gam nguyen tijf O trong CuO phan iJng. Do do nhan duoc:
0 32
mo = 0,32 gam -> n,, = - — = 0,02 mol 16 16
H6n hop hoi gom: C„H,„,,CHO : 0,02 mol H , p : 0,02 mol. Vay h6n hop hoi c6 tdng so mol la 0,04 mol. Co M = 31 => m h h h o i = 31.0,04 = 1,24 gam.
niancol + 0,32 = m h h hai
mancol = 1,24 - 0,32 = 0,92 gam.
B a i 10: D o t c h a y h o a n t o a n 4 , 0 4 g a m m o t h o n h o p h o t k i m l o a i g o m A l ,
Fe, C u t r o n g k h o n g k h i t h u diTcfc 5,96 g a m h o n h o p 3 o x i t . H o a t a n h e t h o n h o p 3 o x i t b k n g d u n g d i c h H C l 2 M . T i n h t h e t i c h d u n g d i c h H C l c a n d u n g .
Ạ 0,5 l i t . B . 0,7 l i t . C. 0,12 l i t . D . 1 l i t .
Hiiofng dan gidi
m o = m o x . t - mki = 5,96 - 4 , 0 4 = 1,92 g a m . 1,92 1,92 W no = 16 = 0,12 m o l . H o a t a n hét h o n h o p b a o x i t b a n g d u n g d i c h H C l t a o t h ^ n h H2O n h u sau: 2 H " + Ố ^ H2O 0,24 <- 0,12 m o l 0,24 0,12 l i t . C h o n d a p a n C. B a i 11: D o t c h a y h o a n t o a n 0 , 1 m o l m o t a x i t c a c b o n x y l i c dan chuTc c a - vCra d u V l i t O2 id d k t c ) , t h u dtfcJc 0,3 m o l CO2 v a 0,2 m o l H2Ọ G i a t i . cua V l a . Ạ 8,96 l i t . B . 11,2 l i t . C. 6,72 l i t . D . 4 , 4 8 l i t .
Hit&ng dan gidi
A x i t c a c b o x y l i c d a n chufc c6 2 n g u y e n tuf o x i n e n c6 t h e d S t l a RO2
V a y : nQnjô, + n g ^ p = noicô) + "odi^o) 0,1.2 + no,p„, = 0,3.2 + 0 , 2 . 1 => no (p.u) = 0,6 m o l n^^ = 0,3 m o l => = 6,72 l i t . C h o n d a p a n C. B a i 1 2 : H o a t a n a g a m h o n h o p g o m F e O v a Fe304 h e t 3 0 0 m l d u n g d i c h H C l 2 M dLTOc d u n g d i c h X . C h o X t a c d u n g v d i m o t l u o n g d u n g d i c h NH3 d i i dirge k e t t u a . N u n g k e t t u a t r o n g k h o n g k h i d e n k h o i liTOng k h o n g d o i diTOc a +1,2 g c h a t r a n . P h a n t r a m k h o i i J O n g c u a FeO t r o n g h o n h g p t r e n l a : Ạ 28,47o B . 2 4 , 6 % C. 3 8 , 3 % D . 4 0 , 2 %
Hii&ng dan gidị
F e O F e g O / IICl F e C I F e C l , 2 (UiNn^ F e ( O H ) F e ( O H ) , 2 t ^ r o n g k k O 2^3
V i t r o n g h 6 n hop ban dau da c6 m o t lirgng Fe203 va coi Fe304 = FeỌ Fe203) n e n chi xet sir chuyen hoa qua t r i n h : 2 F e O Fe203
Do t a n g k h o i lirgng cua Fe203 so v d i h o n hgp dau la k h o i lirgng oxi ma F e O l a y de tao Fe203 1,2 no can — = 0 , 0 7 5 ( m o l ) G o i h h T i r ( l ) , (2) npeo = 0,075 ( m o l ) x + y = 0,15 (1) (2) mp,o = 3 8 , 3 % 16 F e O : x ( m o l ) F e 3 0 , ( F e O . F e 2 0 3 ) = y ( m o l ) H H C I = 0,6 ( m o l ) => n o trong oxit = 0,3 ( m o l ) <-> x + 4 y = 0,3 X = 0,1 y = 0,05 C h o n d a p a n C. B a i 1 3 : C h o m o t l u o n g k h i C O d i q u a o n g chufa ( h o n h g p A ) g o m 0 , 0 1 m o l F e O v a 0,03 m o l Fe203 d o t n o n g . Sau k h i két t h u c t h i n g h i e m t h u dirge 4,784 g a m c h a t r ^ n B g o m b o n c h a t . H o a t a n c h a t r ^ n B b a n g d u n g d i c h H C l diT t h a y t h o a t r a 0,6272 l i t H2 (6 d k t c ) . T i n h so m o l F e 3 0 4 t r o n g h o n h o p B . B i e t r a n g t r o n g B so m o l F e 3 0 4 b a n g - ^ t o n g o so m o l F e O v a Fe203. Ạ 0,006. B . 0,008. C. 0 , 0 1 . D . 0,012.
Hii&ng dan gidi
F e O : 0,01 m o l H o n h g p A Fe.Og : 0,03 m o l + C O -> 4,784 g a m B ( F e , Fe203, F e O , F e 3 0 4 ) tiTOng l i n g v d i so m o l l a : a, b, c, d ( m o l ) . H o a t a n B b a n g d u n g d i c h H C l d u t h u dirge n H = ^ f f ^ ^ = 0 , 0 2 8 m o l Fe + 2 H C 1 ^ FeCl2 + H2 a = 0,028 <- 0,028 m o l . 22,4 I (1)
T h e o de b a i : np„^„^ = ^(r^y^o + ^^0,0,) d = | ( b + c) (2) T o n g me l a : (56.a + 160.b + 72.c + 232.d) = 4,784 g a m . (3)
So m o l n g u y e n tuf Fe t r o n g h 6 n h o p A bang so m o l n g u y e n tuf
t r o n g h o n h o p B . T a c6: n p e C A ) = 0,01 + 0,03.2 = 0,07 m o l n p e (B) = a + 2b + c + 3d => a + 2b + c + 3d = 0,07 (4) TiX (1. 2, 3, 4) ^ b = 0,006 m o l c = 0,012 m o l d = 0,006 m o l . C h o n d a p a n A .
B a i 14: Khuf h o a n t o a n 24 g a m h o n h o p CuO v a FCxOy b a n g H 2 dii d n h i e t
do cao t h u daac 17,6 g a m h o n h o p 2 k i m l o a i . K h o i liTcmg H 2 O tao t h a n h l a .
Ạ 1,8 g a m . B . 5,4 g a m . C . 7,2 g a m . D . 3,6 g a m .
Hiidng dan gidi
m o (trong oxit) = H i o x i t - H i k i o a i = 24 - 17,6 = 6,4 g a m .
6 4
=^ "^o ( H P ) = 6,4 g a m => no,H,o) = ^ = ^'^
-> m„^o = 0,4.18 = 7,2 g a m . C h o n d a p a n C .
B a i 15: Khut h e t m g a m Fe304 b a n g C O t h u duoc h o n h o p A g o m F e O va Fẹ A t a n vCra d u t r o n g 0,3 l i t d u n g d i c h H 2 S O 4 I M cho r a 4,48 l i t k h i
( d k t c ) . T i n h m?
Ạ 23,2 g a m . B . 46,4 g a m . C . 11,2 g a m . D . 16,04 g a m .
HiCdng dan gidi
YezOi -> ( F e O , F e ) -> 3 F e ' "
0,1 m o l 0,3 m o l
^FeftrongFeSO,) = ^ S O j " = ^ ' ^
A p d u n g d i n h l u a t bao t o a n n g u y e n t o F e :
^F.(v.,o,) = 3-np,(p,soo => mp,^o, = 0.1-232 = 23,2 g a m C h o n d a p d n A .
B a i 16: D u n h a i mau dan chuTc v d i H 2 S O 4 dSc, 140°C duac h o n h o p ba
etẹ L a y 0,72 g a m m o t t r o n g ba ete d e m d o t c h a y h o a n t o a n t h u duoc
1,76 g a m C O 2 v a 0,72 g a m H 2 O . H a i riXOu do l a .
Ạ C H 3 O H v a C 2 H 5 O H . B . C 2 H 5 O H v a C 3 H 7 O H .
C. C 2 H 5 O H v a C 4 H 9 O H . D . C H 3 O H v a C 3 H 5 O H .
HU&ng đn gidi
D a t c o n g thiJc t o n g q u a t cua m o t t r o n g ba ete l a CxHyÔ, t a c6: me - ^ . 1 2 = 0,48 g a m ; m „ = ^ . 2 = 0,08 g a m : ^ m o = 0,72 - 0,48 - 0,08 = 0,16 g a m .
12 1 16
=> C o n g thufc p h a n tijf cua m o t t r o n g ba ete l a C 4 H 8 O .
i| C o n g thu-c cau t a o l a C H 3- O- C H 2- C H = C H 2 . .
P V a y h a i ancol do l a C H 3 O H v a C H 2 = C H- C H 2- O H . C h o n d a p a n D .
BAI TAP VAN D U N G
B a i 1: H o a t a n h o a n t o a n h o n h o p X g o m 0,4 m o l FeO v a O , l m o l Fe203 vao
dung d i c h H N O 3 loang, diT t h u duoc d u n g d i c h A va k h i B k h o n g m a u , hoa n a u t r o n g k h o n g k h i . D u n g d i c h A cho tac d u n g v d i d u n g d i c h N a O H
diT t h u dirge k e t t u a . L a y t o a n bp k e t t u a n u n g t r o n g k h o n g k h i d e n k h o i l i i o n g k h o n g doi t h u dUcfc c h a t r a n c6 k h o i l i i o n g la
Ạ 23,0 g a m . B . 32,0 g a m . C. 16,0 g a m . D . 48,0 g a m . B a i 2: Cho k h i C O d i qua o n g suT chuTa 16 g a m Fe203 d u n n o n g , sau p h a n
iJng t h u dirge h o n h g p r a n X g o m F e , F e O , Fe304. FeaOs. H o a t a n h o a n t o a n X b a n g H 2 S O 4 dac, n o n g t h u dirge d u n f d i c h Y . Co c a n d u n g d i c h Y , liTOng m u o i k h a n t h u dirge l a
Ạ 20 g a m . B . 32 g a m . C. 40 g a m . D . 48 g a m B a i 3: KhOr h o a n t o a n 17,6 g a m h 6 n h g p X g o m Fe, F e O , FezOg c a n 2,24
l i t C O ( 0 d k t c ) . K h o i l i r g n g s a t t h u dirge l a
Ạ 5,6 g a m . B . 6,72 g a m . C. 16,0 g a m . D . 11,2 g a m .
B a i 4: D o t c h a y h o n h g p i i i d r o c a c b o n X t h u dugc 2,24 l i t C O 2 ( d k t c ) v a
2,7 g a m H 2 O . T h e t i c h O2 da t h a m g i a p h a n ufng c h a y ( d k t c ) l a
B a i 5: Hoa tan hoan toan a gam hon hop X gom Fe va FeaOs trong dung dich H C l t h u dUOc 2,24 Ht k h i H2 of dktc va dung dich B. Cho dung dich B tac dung dung dich N a O H du, loc lay ket tua, nung trong khong k h i den k h o i liTOng khong doi t h u dtfoc 24 gam chat r ^ n . Gia t r i cua a la
Ạ 13,6 gam. B. 17,6 gam. C. 21,6 gam. D. 29,6 gam.
B a i 6: Hon hop X gom M g va AI2O3. Cho 3 gam X tac dung v d i dung
dich H C l du giai phong V Ht k h i (dktc). Dung dich t h u dUdc cho tac
dung v d i dung dich N H 3 du, loc va nung ket tua daoc 4,12 gam hot
oxit. V CO gia t r i la:
Ạ 1,12 l i t . B. 1,344 l i t . C. 1,568 l i t . D. 2,016 l i t .
B a i 7: H o n hcfp A gom Mg, A l , Fe, Zn. Cho 2 gam A tac dung vdi dung
dich H C l dif giai phong 0,1 gam k h i . Cho 2 gam A tac dung vdi khi clo du t h u diTOc 5,763 gam h5n hop muoị P h a n t r a m k h o i lUdng cua Fe trong A la
Ạ 8,4%. B. 16,8%. C. 19,2%. D. 22,4%.
B a i 8: {CD - Khoi A 2007): Dot chay hoan toan mot the t i c h k h i thien
nhien gom metan, etan, propan bSng oxi khong k h i (trong khong khi
oxi chiem 20% the tich), t h u duac 7,84 l i t k h i C O 2 (dktc) va 9,9 gam
H 2 O . The tich khong k h i d (dktc) nho n h a t can dung de dot chay
hoan toan li/cfng k h i t h i e n n h i e n t r e n la
Ạ 70,0 l i t . B. 78,4 l i t . C. 84,0 l i t . D. 56,0 l i t .
B a i 9: Hoa tan hoan toan 5 gam hon hap 2 k i m loai X va Y hhng dung dich
H C l thu duac dung dich A va k h i H2. Co can dung dich A thu dirge 5,71
gam muoi khan. Hay t i n h the tich k h i H2 thu dagc d dktc.
Ạ 0,56 l i t . B. 0,112 l i t . C. 0,224 l i t D. 0,448 l i t
B a i 10: Dot chay hoan toan m gam hon hgp Y gom C 2 H 6 , C 3 H 4 va C4H8
t h i t h u di/gc 12,98 gam C O 2 va 5,76 gam H 2 O . Vay m c6 gia t r i la Ạ 1,48 gam. B. 8,14 gam. C. 4,18 gam. D. 16,04 gam
D a p a n
1. D 2. C 3. C 4. D 5. C 6. C 7. B 8. A 9. C 10. C