MI M2 M3 Ml M2 IVI3 Ml M2 M3 P
BAN TONG GIAM DOC
3.4. Phan tich moi irxxbng noi bo o' VINAPACO
3.4.1.Ngu6n nhan luc
VINAPACO cung trong tinh trang chung la thira lao ddng gian don va thieu lao ddng giay cd tay nghi cao, nang suat lao ddng khdng cao. Ngoai ra VINAPACO va Cdng ty Giiy Tan mai edn lai cac don vi khac deu cd sir hang hut ve lao ddng lanh nghe, can bg quan ly phii hgp vdi quy md va trinh do san xuat ciia don vj.
Dugc sir giup do ciia Thuy Diln nen khi cdng trinh dugc xay dung da dao tao dugc dgi ngii can bg cdng nhan vien nam chae ve chuyen mdn va ed tac phong cdng nghiep trong cong viec. Tir dd din nay dgi ngu can bg lanh nghe van dugc duy tri va phat frien. Song trudc nhirng ddi hdi khat khe ddi vdi lao ddng hien nay, trinh do can bg d mot sd vi tri (trong khau thi trudng va tieu thu san pham) chua dap ung dugc yeu c^u, chua nhanh nhay dl nam bat cai mai, kha nang phdi hgp nhdm va sir dung cdng nghe thdng tin edn ban ehe.
La mot doanh nghiep Nha nude nen VINAPACO bi rang huge bdi nhieu chinh sach ddi vdi ngudi lao ddng khiln cho viec sir dung lao ddng thieu linh boat, chua cd nhiing chinh sach du manh dl Idi keo va khuyin khich nhan tai. Sd lao ddng va co eau lire lugng lao ddng xem trong bang 3.2. Qua sd lieu cho thly sd lao ddng cd xu hudng giam, sau 3 nam
da giam 1.696 lao ddng giam 26% so vdi nam 2003. Luc lugng can bg cd trinh do dai hgc va tren dai hgc chiem khoang 10%.
Danh gia ve vai trd ciia lire lugng lao ddng trong doanh nghiep dng Nguyen Dinh Tuan Tdng giam doe Cdng ty CP Giay Tan mai tam sir:
VINAPACO cd nhilu lgi the ban Giay Tan mai vl dilu kien: Cdng nghe, may mdc thiet bi, nguyen lieu dau vao, vdn, thuang hieu. Nhung gia tri cdt loi cua Tan mai la con ngudi. Khach hang cua chiing tdi tin tudng vao chiing toi nhu tin vao chat lugng san pham cua Tan mai.
Trich noi dung phong vdn ong Nguyen Dinh Tuan Tong giam doc Cong ty CP Gidy Tdn mai
Vai nhijng gi ma Giay Tan mai dat dugc hdm nay (dan dau phan khuc hang cao cap) mdi thay het vai trd eua ngudn nhan luc trong doanh nghiep.
3.4.2.Kha nang va co cau to chirc cua doanh nghiep
VINAPACO la mot doanh nghiep Nha nude va ciing nam trong bdi canh chung la bg may td chiie edn kdng kenh, hieu qua chua nhu mong muon. Tinh chu ddng cua cac bg phan chua cao. Mdi quan he giira trach nhiem va quyen ban chua tuong ximg. Co ehe quan ly Nha nude va cac quan he xa hdi phuc tap lam cho VINAPACO khd thoat ra khdi cai bdng ciia chinh minh.
NIU nhiing van dl trong hang rao da cd kinh nghiem tich luy tir nhirng nam trudc day thi nay trong thdi budi kinh tl thi trudng cac van de ngoai hang rao dang ddi hdi VINAPACO phai hoan thien.
He thdng phan phdi eiia VINAPACO da dugc xay dung trong nhiing nam qua bao gdm 4 trung tam ban hang: tai Bai Bang (nai san xuat) va 3 chi nhanh tai Ha Ndi, Da Nang, Thanh phd Hd Chi Minh. Cac trung tam nay thuc hien viec ban hang theo 2 hinh thirc dai ly va ban thang. Nhu vay nlu coi cac chi nhanh la dai ly cap 1 (dugc hudng phi 1,3% tren doanh thu) thi cac dai ly nay la dai ly cap 2 (dugc hudng phi 0,8%). Theo thdng ke
nam 2005 ed 58.500tan giiy chilm 57,6% s6 gidy bdn ra duac bdn cho cdc dgi ly edn lai
D I cap ve td chiic ban hang cua VINAPACO, xin dugc neu ra nhiing y kiln cua 1 sd ngudi da tra Idi pbdng van:
Thuc tl khdng kilm soat dugc ve lugng giay ton kho trong cac dai ly, do dd cac dai ly cd tbi sir dung vdn sai muc dich (diing vdn vao viec khac) tham tri hg edn ban th^p ban gia ban cua Cdng ty nham thu nhanh tien de dau tu vao eho khac dilu nay cd thi gay riii ro vl vdn rat cao. Mat khac viec ban bang dai ly edn lam eho ca ngudi ban va ngudi dai ly kem nang ddng hon ban hang true tiep cd chiet khau thanh toan. Hinh thirc ban hang dai ly hai cap ddi vdi tu lieu san xuat khdng edn phii hgp vdi thdi diem hien nay. Thuc tl Giay Tan mai da bd hinh thiic ban hang qua dai ly each day hai nam va ed kit qua tbilt thuc. Ngay ca cac nha san xuat hang tieu diing cung dang chdi bd viec ban bang qua cac daily cap hai.
Trich noi dung phong vdn ong Nguyen Thien Pln'ic Giam doc Chi nhanh Cong ty Gidy Tdn mai tai Ha noi
Trudc day tdi la khach hang true tilp nhmig nay thi khdng. Song dieu dd chang cd y nghTa gi vdi VINAPACO bdi hien nay cung tuong duong vdi cau va ddi khi giay van edn khan hilm vl ehung loai. De ed hang chiing tdi phai mat nhieu thdi gian di lai lam thu
tuc, mot sd nhan vien vh\ edn thai do xin cho eua ngay xua. Hon nira mua qua cac dai ly
chung tdi dugc phuc vu chu dao hon ma gia tri van the.
Trich noi diuig phong van ong Tran QuocDimg Giam dSc Cong ty TNHH Tiin bo
^ I
Vi dilu kien ban chi nen khdng di sau vao he thdng phan phdi hien nay nhung qua ndi dung nhirng eugc pbdng van tren cho chiing ta thay mdi quan he vdi khach hang can phai cd sir dieu chinh cho phii hgp.
3.4.3.C0' so- vat chat va tai chinh cua doanh nghiep
VINAPACO la mot doanh nghiep cd ca sd vat chat dong bd, tir trdng rirng, ehe bien nguyen lieu thd (nau bgt) va xeo giay.
v l trdng rirng mdi nam VINAPACO phai trdng khoang 5.000ha. Dien tich nay cAn phai md rgng trong nhiing nam tdi nham dap irng yeu cau mo rdng san xuat (VINAPACO dang tiin hanh eae thu tuc dau tu nha may cdng suat 250.000 tin bgt va 50.000 tan giay trang phan mot nam se khdi chay vao cudi nam 2010). Nang suat rimg hien dat khoang 70 mVha, la nang suat kha cao d trong nude, dam bao kha nang bao tdn dugc von rirng. Tuy nhien so vdi the gidi thi van edn thua kem nhieu (nang suat rimg thi gidi dat 100- 200 mVha) mot phan la do suit dau tu trdng rirng ciia ta edn thap, mat khac do dilu kien ve dat dai, gidng cay trdng ta thua kem.
Nha may boa chat cd cdng suat 10.500 tan siit chat lugng cao mot nam, Idn gap hai lin Nha may boa chat Viet Tri giiip cho VINAPACO tu chii san xuat, dam bao an toan cho may mdc thiet bj va ha gia thanh san pham.
Nha may dien mdi nam san xuat gan 200.000 Mw dam bao cung cap dii dien cho san xuat va 500.000 tan hai cho san xuat giay. Day la qua trinh khep kin vi qua trinh san xuat giay lai cung cap dich cho Id hoi thu hdi boat ddng vira lam tang bieu qua ciia qua trinh san xuat ndi chung, vira giam thieu dang ke kha nang gay d nhiem mdi trudng.
VINAPACO hien cd 02 may xeo giay cd cdng suat 50.000 tan/nam. vdi he thdng dieu khiln QCS, DCS tuong ddi hien dai, dii kha nang de san xuat ra nhirng loai giay in, viet cd chat lugng cao (hien nay mdi ehi cd VINAPACO va Giay Tan mai la cd thiet bi QCS, DCS dilu kiln tu ddng). Cac ca sd ha tang phuc vu cho san xuat dugc xay dung ddng bg
dap ling nhu clu san xuk cho hien tai va tuong lai nhu: he thdng cang duong sdng, ga
dudng sat ndi bd, mang ludi dudng giao thdng, kho bai, edng trinh cdng cdng (be boi, khach san, nha thi dau)
Tdng doanh thu nam 2005 dat 1.618 ty ddng. Day la mire doanh thu Idn trong san xuat cdng nghiep va cd tang trudng qua cac nam (gap 1,4 Ian doanh thu ciia Giay Tan mai). Trong 03 nam tdc do tang truang doanh thu binh quan dat 27% cung la mire tang trudng cao, lgi nhuan khdng cao do nguyen nhan la dang trong qua trinh dau tu md rgng de nang cdng suat (cdng suat bgt tir 48.000tan/nam len 70.000 tan/nam, cdng suat san xuat giay 70.000 tan/nam len 100.000 tan/nam) kha nang trong nhung nam tdi lgi nhuan se tang len dang ke.
Trong qua trinh co phan boa, eae doanh nghiep ddc lap thuge Tdng cdng ly trudc day, mot lugng vdn Idn da dugc tang cudng cho VINAPACO (khoang 400 ty ddng) tao kha
nang an toan vl mat tai ehinh. Ty le giira vdn chii va ngudn vdn tang tir 23,3% nam 2003 len 33,4% nam 2005 (eo cau nay cua Giay Tan Mai la 20%).
Gia tri TSCD den cudi nam 2005 la 1.350 ty ddng. Nhu vay mac dii mdi dau tu nang clp
md rgng xong nhung suat dau tu bien la 13 trieu ddng/tan san pham bang 1/2 suk dau tu
mdi. Day la eo sd de cho VINAPACO cd the boat ddng hieu qua trong nhirng nam tilp theo.
Tuy nhien ve tai chinh VINAPACO edn mot sd ban ehe:
- Chua tu chii dugc ve vdn vay trdng rimg hien van phu thuoc vao vdn vay uu dai ciia Nha nude. Dieu nay thuong gay nen su eham tre ve vdn ciing nhu ehju sir riii ro ve chinh sach neu Nha nude xoa bd uu dai hoac tang lai suat cho vay.
- Mot sd khoan ng xau cd gia tri khoang 15 ty khd thu hdi lam giam hieu qua san xuat. Tuy nhien dung tren giac do chung thi tinh hinh tai chinh la lanh manh (ng xau chi chiem 0,5%) tdng tai san va bang 1,4% vdn chii)
- Trong rirng nguyen lieu giay cd chu ky san xuat keo dai (thuong 7-15 nam phu thuoc vao loai cay trong), ban ban, chay rirng, dan cu chat pha ludn de dga chira dung nguy ca nii ro cao ve mat tai chinh.
- Theo thdi gia bien tai. vdn chii sd hu-u ciia VINAPACO khoang 63 ty USD.Neu so vdi cac doanh nghiep trong nganh Giay ciia Viet nam thi VINAPACO cd quy md ve tai chinh Idn nhat (bang 2,5 Giay Tan mai- don vj Idn thu 2 trong nganh). Song chua phai la quy md Idn Idn trong khu vuc (eae nha may trong khu vuc thuoc cac tap doan bgt giAy cd vdn bang tram trieu USD).