II The center to study policy and development 2009 "Demand stimulus policy in Vietnamese background"
Chuong 1: LYTHUYET VE KHUNG HOANG VA CHONG KHUNG HOANG
2.1 Chinh sdch ciia chinh phu My
Chinh phu My da thire hien hai phan cdng vice de chong su\ ihoai kinh te- :
ạ On dinh lhi Iruirng lai cliinli :
Vdi nguycMi nhan dac thu tir he thdng tai chinh ciia quoc gia xuat phat diem ciia khiing hoang, chinh plui My da cd cac hanh dgng giai ciru thj trudng tai chinh nlur : chircmg trinh ciru trg tai san cd v;in de tri gia 700 ty USD vao thang 10.2008 nhfim mua iai cd phan tai nhicu ngan hang ciia Mỵ Thang 3 nam 2009 ho trg Fannie va Iređie Mac 750 ty USD, chi 300 ty USD mua trai phicu chinh phu loai dai han.
b. Kich cdu :
My da thirc hien hai gdi kich caụ gdi Ian I d thdi tdng thdng Bush \ao ngay 13 thang 2 nam 2008 sau khi cd nhirng dau hieu eiia SUN' thoai tir cudi nam 2007. Gdi kich cau lan 1 tri gia 152 ty USD thdng qua dao luat kich cau kinh te nam 2008. Gdi kich cau lan 2 vao thcri tdng thdng Obama \ ao thang 1.2009 tri gia 787 ty USD.
Gdi thir nlult tap trung vao hai nhdm giai phap : nhdm 1 la kich thich tieu diing cho ngudi dan bfing chinh siich ho trg cho nhirng ngirdi cd tlui nhap thap \ a tre em nhir : hoan thue ca nhan cho ngirdi co thu nhap thap. trg ciip cho ire cm dudi 17 tudi ( 300S I tre em), ho trg nhung ngirdi gap khd khan trong cuoc khung hoang ng dudi chuan. Nhdm 2 la ho trg chi dau tir cua doanh nghiep nlur uu dai thue cho cac doanh nghiep. uu dai cho phep kluiu hao nhanh cho cac doanh nghiep.
Gdi thir 2 tiip trung vao hai nhdm giai phap hi tang chi tieu chinh phu ( chiem khoang
Hd trg cac doanh nghiep nhkm tao them 2.5 trieu cdng an viec lam thdne qua viec
cho doanh nghiep ng thud khoang 3000 USD đi vdi mdi lao dgng thue mdị xda bd thue đi vdi lai tren von cho cac doanh nghiep vira va nhọ
Hd trg nhdm dan eu gap khd khan nhu : hd trg chii sd hiru nha gap khd khan, hd trg giam thue cho eac ea nhan, gia dinh. nang bao hidm that nghiep
Dau tu vao eac cdng trinh cdng cdng nhu y t6, dudng xạ... Bang 2.1 : Co- cau goi kich cau ciia M y
STT 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 6
Ciic linh vuc
Cat giam thue Giao due
Cham soe sire khoe Phiic Igi xa hoi
Xay dtJTig CO scV ha tang
Nang Iirgng Trg eap khac Tong cong Don Ke hoach • 237 ty 141,6 ty 111,1 ty 102 ty 90 ty 58 ty 47.3 t>' 787ty vj : USD Ty trong trong goi kich cau (%)
30,2 18 14 13 11.4 7,4 6 100%
( Ngudn : Boris Sobole. Obama .Change to come)
Cd th(} nhan thc4ỵ chinh phii My mac dii \an su dung cac Idi khiisen eua hgc thu>et Kevnes va sir duna edi hai edi kich thich d(3 dn dinh tdng cau nlurng trong khi hoc thuya Keynes chi chii trgng dCn vAn dt} nang cao tdng cau thi chinh phu My lai dat \ an de đi phd vdi sir sup đ cua he thdng tai chinh nhieu han klii ehi ra mot sd tien khdng
nho de xir ly \'an de naỵ