8/ The variation of the main clause: (Biến thể của mệnh đề chính) If + S + had + PP , S + would/ could/ might + have + been + V-ing
Eg: Mr.Pike's son was there; that's why I wasn't sitting in front.
→If Mr.Pike's son hadn't been there, I would have been sitting in front.
9/ The variation of the If-clause: (Biến thể của mệnh đề If clause III) If + S + had + been + V-ing , S + would/ could/ might + have + PP
Eg: I was wearing a seat belt, so I didn't have a bad accident.
=> If I hadn't been wearing a seat belt, I would have had a bad accident.
10/ Câu điều kiện pha trộn: Loại III + Loại II
Eg: He isn't a rich man now because he didn't take my advice.
→If he had taken my advice, he would be a rich man now.
EXERCISES
1. Unless he……….. more, he won’t get much commission.
A) sell B) sells C) sold D) selling
2. If I ... you $10, when ………. me?
A) lend/ would you repay B) lend/ will you repay C) lent/ will you repay D) lend/ would you have repaid 3. If he………. hard today, ... a holiday tomorrow?
A) worked/ can he have B) work/ he can have
C) works/ can he have D) had worked/ he can have
4. Ice……… into water unless you heat it.
A) don’t turn B) doesn’t turn C) would turn D) would have turned 5. If you……… this one, I’ll bring you another.
A) doesn’t like B) will not like C) don’t like D) didn’t like 6. Unless you ... more careful, you……… an accident.
A) are/ will have B) were/ will have C) had been/ would have D) be/ have 7. If I tell you a secret, ………. you promise not to tell it to anyone else?
A) would B) did C) will D) have
8. If you……….. what I say, ask your mother.
A) not believe B) not to believe C) didn’t believe D) don’t believe 9. Unless I ... a quiet room, I………not be able to do any work.
A) had/ will B) have/ will C) has/ would have D) had had/ would have 10. She ...not open the door unless she……… who it was.
A) will/ knew B) will/ knows C) would/ knew D) does/ knows 11. If I ... a typewriter now, I……….………. this contract by myself.
A) have/ would type B) have/ will type
C) had/ would type D) had had/ would have typed
12. Unless I……….……. his address, I’d give it to you.
A) didn’t know/ will give B) don’t know/ would have given
C) knew/ would give D) know/ will give
13. He………. a lot better if he ... more often years back.
A) would have looked/ shaved B) will look/ shaved
C) looks/ shave D) would have looked/ had shaved
14. If you……… for lower stakes, you ... so much.
A) plays/ would lose B) play/ will have been losing C) played/ won’t lose D) had played/ wouldn’t have lost 15. Unless he worked more slowly, he………... so many mistakes.
A) would make B) will make C) wouldn’t make D) won’t make Bài tập thêm có đáp án:
16. I wouldn’t drink that wine if I……… you.
A) were B) am C) had been D) be
17. More tourists ………. to this country unless it……… a better climate.
A) would come/ had B) wouldn’t come/ had C) wouldn’t come/ didn’t have D) would come/ didn’t have 18. If you ………. your car into the river, you……… able to get out.
A) drive/ weren’t B) drove/ wouldn’t be C) drove/ will be D) drive/ wouldn’t be 19. If you……….to a union, you couldn’t get a job.
A) don’t belong B) are belonging C) had belong D) didn’t belong 20. What ……….. if you found a burglar in your house?
A) do you do B) you do C) would you do D) you would do
21. He might get fat unless he……… smoking.
A) kept on B) stopped C) accepted D) addicted
22. If you………. someone drowning what would you do?
A) see B) seen C) had seen D) saw
23. She………. ruined if I bought her everything she asked for.
A) were B) will be C) would have been D) would be
24. I ……… a job easily if I………..……. a degree.
A) could get/ have B) can get/ had C) could get/ had D) can get/ had had 25. The whole machine ………. into pieces if you………. that screw quickly.
A) felt/ remove B) will fall/ removed
C) would fall/ removed D) would fall/ remove 26. I’d go and see him more often if he……….. on a bus route.
A) lives B) lived C) had lived D) living
27. What would you have done if the lift……… struck between two floors at that time.
A) had got B) got C) gets D) getting
28. If you knew you had only six weeks to live, how ………. such a short span?
A) did you spend B) will you spend C) would you spend D) would you have spend 29. I’d climb over the wall if there…………..so much broken glass on top of it.
A) were B) had been C) are D) is
30. If I had known that you were in hospital, I……….. you.
A) will visit B) would have visited C) visit D) don’t visit 31. You would have seen my garden at its best if you……… here last week.
A) were B) are C) had been D) be
32. I shouldn’t have believed it if I……… it with my own eyes.
A) had seen B) saw C) hadn’t seen D) didn’t see
33. If I………. a map, I ……….. the way to the Post Office.
A) had had/ would have lost B) had had/ wouldn’t have lost
C) had/ won’t lose D) have/ wouldn’t have
34. If I………. that you were coming, I’d have baked a cake.
A) know B) knew C) had known D) didn’t know
35. Had you left that wasp alone, it……… you.
A) would have stung B) wouldn’t sting
C) wouldn’t have stung D) would sting
Had you left = If you had left Đây là trường hợp đảo ngữ các em nhé.
36. Unless I ………that the traffic lights were red, I………..…………...
A) had realized/ would have stopped B) had realized/ wouldn’t have stopped C) realized/ would stop D) realize/ will not stop
37. If you ……… me that he had never paid his debts, I……… him the money.
A) had told/ wouldn’t have lent B) had told/ wouldn’t have been lent
C) tell/ will not lend D) told/ would lend
38. If you………, he wouldn’t have known that we were there.
A) didn’t sneeze B) won’t sneezed C) doesn’t sneeze D) hadn’t sneezed 39. If you……... some mustard in the sandwiches, they would have tasted better.
A) put B) puts C) had put D) putting
40. The hens………. into the house if you had shut the door.
A) couldn’t get B) couldn’t have got C) will not get D) doesn’t get 41. Had he known that the river was dangerous, he……... to swim across it.
A) would have tried B) would try
C) will not try D) wouldn’t have tried
42. ………..………. more slowly, he might have understood you.
A) Had you spoken B) Did you speak C) If you speak D) If you spoke 43. If he had known the whole story, he………...so angry.
A) would have been B) wouldn’t have been
C) wouldn’t be D) would be
44. If you hadn’t been in such a hurry, you……… sugar into the sauce instead of salt.
A) will not put B) would put C) wouldn’t have put D) put 45. If I……….. ready when he called, he would have taken me with him.
A) were B) be C) am D) had been
46. Unless you…... at the engine for a moment, you would have seen what was missing.
A) hadn’t looked B) didn’t look C) look D) looked 47. She………..or she may be late for the morning class.
A) hurries B) hurried C) doesn’t hurry D) didn’t hurry 48. If I……….. again, I think that I would have won in the game.
A) tried B) hadn’t tried C) had tried D) didn’t try
49. Tell him to ring me at 6:00 p.m. if you……….………. him.
A) saw B) see C) sees D) had seen
50. Water……… downhill if there ... gravity.
A) will run/ is not B) wouldn’t run/ weren’t
C) wouldn’t run/ were D) will run/ had been
B. WISH/ IF ONLY
1. Future wish: mong muốn điều gì đó xảy ra hoặc muốn người nào đó làm việc gì.
S1 + wish (es)
If only + S2 + would + V (bare inf)
Note:
- Chủ ngữ của wish không thể cùng chủ ngữ với would do đó chúng ta không thể nói I wish I would…, nhưng chúng ta có thể dùng could.
- would được dùng để nói về hành đông và sự thay đổi, không được dùng để nói về tình trạng.
Ex: I wish Tom would stop smoking. Ex: I wish I ________ (attend) your wedding next week.
Ex: My life isn’t interesting. I wish my life would be more interesting.
2. Present wish: mong ước về một điều không có thật hoặc không thể thực hiện được trong hiện tại S1 + wish (es)
If only + S2 +Past simple
Ex: I wish I ___________(be) rich
3. Past wish: mong ước về một điều không có thật hoặc không thể thực hiện được trong quá khứ S1 + wish (es)
If only + S2 + Past perfect Ex: If only I _____________(meet) her yesterday.
Exercise 1: Give the correct form of the verbs:
1. If only we __________(have) a phone! I'm tired of queuing outside the public phone box.
2. I wish I _________(know) what is wrong with my car.
3. I wish I ________(ask) the fishmonger to clean these fish. (I'm sorry I didn’t ask him.) 4. I wish you ___________(not give) him my phone number. (I'm sorry you gave it for him.) 5. If only he ____________(know) then that the disease was curable!
Exercise 2: Choose the correct answer:
1. A: Could you lend me some money? B: I wish I _____ you some money for your rent but I’m broke myself.
A. can lend B. would lend C. could lend D. will lend 2. A: Are we lost? B: I think so. I wish we ______ a map with us today.
A. were bringing B. brought C. had brought D. would bring 3. A: What are you doing late this afternoon? B: I wish I ___ the answer of that question.
A. knew B. Know C. could know D. would know