CHAPTER IV. DISCUSSION AND LESSON LEARNED
4. Proposed measurements to manage and address daily garbage in wards in
4.4.1. Solutions to waste management
4.4.1.1. Solutions on raising awareness of waste management
Any policy that is put into practice will not be successful without the support of the people. The people are directly affected by the impacts from the environment.
At the same time, they are the main actors on the environment. They play a very important role in the socialization of garbage collection and transportation. High or low collection efficiency depends very much on the consciousness of the people.
However, the sense of environmental protection of the people is not natural, but rather a conditional reflection, through educational programs, oriented mass movements, through puzzle game. In order to build a mass movement, to build a sense of environmental protection in a wide range of local populations, a number of measures:
Change of perception and hence change of behavior: that is the great role of propaganda. At present, society is developing in the direction of industrialization and modernization, in which information plays a very important role in the life of every citizen. We often have access to information about the environment in particular and other information in general through mass media such as books, newspapers, magazines, radio stations, television stations, and other means.
Communication programs are designed to be appropriate for each target group, ie to be specific, clear and understandable and in various forms of
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communication. Thus, we have to use a multi-faceted, integrated approach, including a wide range of influential means of communication: local radio, leaflets that combine public sanitation, mobilize the movement of environmental sanitation, sweeping the village lanes; Organize the resolution of environmental disputes through village meetings; Integrate environmental education into the curriculum to educate students. The Department of Natural Resources and Environment of the city should organize more propaganda and dissemination of knowledge on environmental sanitation. Coordinating with mass organizations to organize training courses in agencies and schools to raise the people's responsibility.
Departments of mass organizations in the city such as the Youth Union, the Department of Natural Resources and Environment, the Culture and Information Division, the Economic Division, the Divison of Education and Training need to coordinate smoothly in the program to educate and widely popularize environmental protection knowledge for the population. Bringing environmental education lessons to the students' training program, helping them to be aware of environmental protection from an early age.
Build "Green, Clean, Beautiful" emulation movements in schools and residential areas, thereby educating people about environmental protection.
Organizing contests to learn about environmental protection in schools, or households. These contests are designed as an entertainment program, broadcast on local radio and television stations, contributing to educating the consciousness of the environment.
Youth union and local authorities should combine the building of groups and volunteer groups to collect solid waste in residential areas.
Youth Union in conjunction with schools, organizers of picnics, solid waste collection in the residential areas, and then sweeping the emulation movement for environmental protection.
Thus, it can be argued that issues related to garbage will be solved with active participation, active community, waste is a purely social issue rooted in the activities human life, which more specifically this issue is determined entirely by the consciousness of each person. Therefore, the management of waste in general and the socialization of environmental sanitation in particular are effective, somehow need to change the perception of each person and gradually change their
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behavior. The most effective way to raise awareness of the community is through good communication.
4.4.1.2. For activities of collecting and treating domestic waste
* Collection activities:
+ Piloting the classification of solid wastes at source
+ To organize the collection in a timely and thorough manner, especially in markets, tourist resorts and crowded residential areas. The schedule and method of collection should be regularly monitored to select the appropriate method and reduce the collection cost to the lowest level with the highest achieved efficiency.
+ To control and supervise the discharge of solid wastes into the environment, ensuring that wastes are disposed of properly.
+ Enhance the role and capacity of Bac Ninh Urban Public Works and Environment Limited Company to increase the number of specialized vehicles for waste transportation and to plan the locations of public waste bins.
+ To raise the capacity of garbage collection and transportation of environmental sanitation groups in localities in the province.
+ For garbage collectors, it is necessary to equip workers with the basic knowledge on composition, classification, treatment and disposal of waste.
* Handling work :
The landfill of waste bury sites, the construction of waste burying sites, ensuring environmental sanitation standards and meeting the requirements of local solid waste burial (at least 25 years).
Apply appropriate technologies for waste treatment to ensure environmental sanitation standards. There are measures to treat leachate in landfills, and measures to address environmental pollution caused by former landfills.
4.4.2. Solutions for environment at city level
Based on the survey and analysis of the current status of domestic solid waste management in Bac Ninh city to improve the efficiency of managing and processing the domestic solid waste in the Bac Ninh city then relevant ministries should implement some solutions as follows:
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- Long-term strategic solution is to train and improve environmental management staff in order to improve the environmental management capacity in general and the special training environment in particular.
- Every year, the Department of Natural Resources and Environment develops the provincial management plan for the provincial level, in close coordination with the district and town people's committees to implement the management of the state budget.
- Specific measures must be taken to prevent the production, business and service establishments from pouring waste into ponds, lakes, canals ... and streets. Organize inspections to handle violations according to the Environmental Protection Law and other relevant laws in Vietnam.
- Applying the principle "polluters pay," the amount of money each household pays depends on the amount of waste they emit.
4.4.3. Technology solutions
Collecting, transporting and managing waste will be ineffective if the pace of socio-economic development can not be kept up. Investing in solid waste management and management, applying technical advances is important in the management of solid waste in general and the socialization of the collection and transportation of domestic waste in particular. The main contents to be implemented include 6 main tasks :
- To conduct research and application of scientific achievements on solid waste treatment technology, environmental forecasting and prevention of environmental incidents.
- Studying on specific solid waste treatment technology in Bac Ninh city.
- General orientation of science and technology solutions towards the green economy by promoting more effective waste management measures, minimizing the environmental impact of the "3R”: Reduce, Reuse, Recycle.
- To step by step apply advanced technologies in production establishments in order to save both natural resources and contribute to environmental protection.
- To intensify the application of scientific and technological achievements and solve a disruptive environmental problem if applying scientific and technological achievements in a synchronous and effective manner. The city's environmental
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management department is responsible for facilitating the promotion of favorable conditions, speeding up progress, building a priority list, mobilizing labor. Together with the State agencies on environment, aiming at solving environmental problems with high efficiency and application of scientific and technological achievements.
The specific tasks are as follows:
- Make a list of priority environmental pollution issues.
- To develop synchronously the system of technical infrastructures to make fundamental changes in environmental work, to pay attention to building common garbage gathering places from population groups, villages, quarters to wards and communes.
- Encourage and promote the application of new technologies to address environmental issues such as green productivity, clean production, recycling ...
With the principle of focusing on pollution problems at source, checking the environmental feasibility of new projects, paying attention to recycling capacity.
- Priority is given to low-pollution options, using recycled materials, which do not have a significant impact on the environment.
- Drastically classify daily garbage at source synchronously with transportation and handling.
- Establish a reusable waste collection network
- Carrying out audits and inspections of the environment for industrial establishments.
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