- Phiro'ng phap quan sat, do dac: Bang kinh nghiem ctia minh, ket hgp
EI I Normal
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III.2.2. Bien tap cac ban dd quan, huyen
Theo maket atlas da dugc duyet, nhdm ban dd quan, huyen gdm 14 trang, the hien sy phan bd cay cd thy theo tirng quan, huyen cu cua Ha Ngi (thdi ky chua md rgng). Do hinh dang lanh thd khac nhau, trong khi dd kd hoach bien tap Atlas da quy djnh tit ca cac trang ban dd trong Atlas phai thd hien lanh thd theo hudng chinh Bac (khung tren cua trang ban dd li hudng Bac) nen mdt sd quan, huyen phai phi khung Ddng - Tay ban dd, giiip ngudi sir dyng ban dd djnh hudng dugc de dang.
a. Thdnh lap bdn do nen dia ly
Moi trang bin dd quan, huyen cd phin lanh thd chinh ciia ban than quan, huyen dd va phin lanh thd phy gdm cac quan, huyen xung quanh. Theo quy djnh trong ban dd hgc, viec tdng quit boa cac yeu td nen dja ly cho 2 phan lanh thd dd
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nen khu ng cuu
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Xdy dung Atlas cdy cd thu Hd Ndi
khac nhau, trong dd lanh thd chinh dugc the hien chi tiet ban. hd trg tdi da viec nghien ciru cic cay cd thy tren dja ban quan, huyen. Tren co sd ban dd dia hinh t\ le 1/10.000, 1/25.000 va 1/50.000 da dugc ghep manh theo pham vi quan, huyen, cac ndi dung chinh ciia nen dja ly dugc quy dinh lay bd nhu sau:
• Dudng si: The hien toin bd cac tuyen dudng sat va nha ga cd tren gdc dja hinh.
Dudng dtd va dudng phd chia thinh 4 cap; - Cap 1: Qudc Id v i dai Id trong ndi thanh. - Cap 2: Tinh Id va dudng phd chinh.
- Cap 3: Dudng cap phdi, cic dudng phd nhd.
- Cap 4: Dudng dat Idn, dat nhd, cic ngd trong ndi thinh. Trong lanh thd chinh: lay 3 cap I, 2, 3, lya chgn cap 4. Trong lanh thd phy: lay cap 1, 2, lya chgn cap 3, 4.
Khi cac dudng phd gap sdng, neu cd cau cho phep ve dudng lien tuc qua song. Tren cac tuyen qudc Id, tinh Id can ghi rd sd dudng. Ten dudng phd can bd tri thich hgp; khdng bj chdng de, de dgc. can vao gitra doan dudng. Trirdng hgp dudng phd qua dai hoac trinh chdng de, cho phep ghi ten nhac lai nhung khdng dugc ghi sang dudng phd khic. Ten cac dudng phd phan lanh thd ngoii chi the hien cho cic dudng phd chinh.
Thd hien cic ddi tugng giao thdng kem theo nhu ten cira d, cac nga 3, nga tu, nhi ga, ben cang, san bay, ben xe khich.
• Thuy he: Liy toin bg cic sdng 2 net, bd cac sdng ngdi 1 net ngan dudi 4 cm. Thd hien cac hd ao cd dien tich Idn ban lOmm^. Quy dinh dd cung thye hien vdi cic bai bdi tren sdng.
Trong lanh thd chinh the hien ten cac sdng net ddi, cac hd cd dien tich tren I cm^ Phin lanh thd ben ngoai chi vidt ten sdng chinh, hd chinh cd tinh chat djnh hudng tren ban do.
• Ydu td kinh td - Van b o a - X a hgi;
Dya vao quan he gin bd gitra cay cd thu vdi cac ddi tugng loai nay, tren ban do the hien loai ddi tugng niy thanh 2 nhdm:
- Nhdm 1: gin bd khang kbit vdi phan bd cay cd thu; Dinh, Den, Chtia, Midu, Lang, Nha thd, Thanh cd, Phti Chu tjch, Khu vui choi giai tri, Vien bao tang, Thu vien ldn, Dai sir quan.
Xdy dung Atlas cdy cd thu Hd Ndi
Nhdm 2: chti yeu cd tinh chat dinh hudng: trutmg cao dang, trudng dai hgc. benh vien. ca quan hinh chinh. chg. dii liet sT, trien lam, sieu thj. khich san, nha van boa, san van ddng, be boi. phat thanh truyen hinh.
Tren cac bin dd quan huyen. c i 2 nhdm deu dugc the hien khoing 70" o sd ddi tugng so vdi bin dd dja hinh ty le 1:25000 ben trong lanh thd quan hu> en. cdn d ben ngoii khdng the hien ehiing. giim tii trgng cho ban dd. Khu vyc ndng thdn ndi dung thua thdt cd the tang sd ddi tugng lya chgn the hien them 10 - 20%. chti yeu li cic ddi tugng nhdm I.
• Dan cu:
Cic quan ndi thanh la nai tap trung dan cu ddng due. chia thanh tting cum bdi he thdng dudng phd, ngd ngach. Do mat do ddi tugng kinh te-van hoa-xa hdi diy dac, nhieu diem djnh hudng, dudng di de dang nen khdng can the hien dan cu rieng biet, chi diing nen mau trai deu cho cic vting dan cu. Cic buyen ngoai thanh dan cu thua ban nen cd the hien phan bd thdn, xa.
b. The hien phdn bd cdy cd ihu
Cac ban do phan bd cay cd thy theo quan, buyen the bien cay cd thu dudi 3 dang: 1. Cay ddc lap: the hien ttmg cay cd thu khi dtrng rieng re, gan dd khdng cd cay cd thy nao.
2. Hang cay cd tbij; dugc the hien khi cay cd thy dirng thinh hang tuang ddi thang, sd lugng ttr 2 cay trd len dtrng sat nhau.
3. Cum cay cd thu; dugc the hien khi cay cd thu dtrng gan nhau, ttr 3 cay trd len v i khdng thanh hang Idi nao.
Khdng phan biet ty le ban dd, khu vyc nao cd nhieu'cay cd thu dtrng gan nhau trong pham vi 4 mm" trd xudng thi the hien thanh ky hieu cum cay, trirdng hgp cay dirng thinh hang Idi thi str dung ky hieu bing cay. Nhin chung nen uu tien sir dung hai loai ky hieu nay cho cac ban dd quan, huyen nham cung cap cii nhin khii quit cho ngudi sir dung atlas, thiy dugc nhtrng diem phan bd chinh cua cay cd thy trong quan huyen. Chi tidt vd ttmg cay se dugc thd hien ky d nhtrng Uang ban dd chi tiet.
CI cac dja didm cay cd thu mgc tuong ddi tap trung nhu d quanh dinh, chtia. cdng vien... cd thd dting ky hieu cum cay de dai dien cho cac cay cd thu trong khudn vien. Chgn tdi da 3 loai cay chinh trong cym dd ghi ten cay dai dien. Ten cay dai dien dugc vidt d ddng diu ciia ghi chti, tren cac thdng sd khac. nham nhan manh tinh khai quit ctia ban dd cip quan, gitip ngudi str dijng atlas nhanh chdng tha\ rd cac loai cay cd thi.i chinh trong quan.
Xdy dung Atlas cdy cd thu Hd Ndi 52
Vdi cac dudng phd dai. cay cd thu mgc thanh hing tren he phd thi chti > rai deu ky hieu hing cay. each nhau 2 - 3 cm cd I ky hieu. tranh de cac ghi chti ten phd va ky hieu khic. Trudng hgp ndi dung day dac can uu tien the hien cay cd thu, bd bdt ky hieu kinh te - xa hdi.