- Report to higher
3) Thiri ky dien thfr
4.1.1. Tir nhiéu, kinh te
a. V) tri
Tinh Dak Lak nam giiia dia ban Tay Nguyén gfim ciic tinh Kon Turn, Gia Lai, Dac Lak, Dac Néng, Lam Dong.
Toa do : 107’28 57 - 108 59 37 Kinh do Dong; 12 9 45 - 13 0 25 06 Vi do Bac.
Dak Lak tiép giap véi tinh Gia Lai ( phia Bac); tinh Lam Dong ( phia Nam); tinh Phu Yen va tinh Kh:inh Hfia ( phia Dong); tinh Dac Nong vii X'uong quoc Cam pu chia ( phia Tay).
Cé duéng bién gicii chung voi Vuong quoc Cam Pu Chia dai 70 km. b. D)a hinh
7
Dpi bo phan dien tich cua tinh nam c phia Tay Tru6ng Son, c6 huéng thap dan tu Dong Nam sang Tay Bac. Dia hinh da dang dfii nut xen ké binh nguyén va thung ling. Cac loai dia inh chinh gc› m: dia hinh vung nui, dia hinh cao nguyén, dia hinh ung trfing, dia hinh ban binh nguyén. Trong dfi 2 loai dia hinh cao nguyén va
. ..
n co gia nhiéu ma)t. Da(c biet ve phat trién kinh Ie nong tain nghi(p.
Dia hinh viing niii
Dia hinh vung nui cao Chu Yang Sin, phia Dong Nam cua tinh véi di(n tich xap xi bang 'Z4 di(n tich nhien toan tinh, ngan cach giiia cao nguyén Bufin Ma Thuot va cao nguyén Lam Vien (Lam Dong). Day l:i vting sinh thuy lén nhat, dau
nguon cua cac con song lén nhu Krong Ana, Krfing Knfi v:i lii vilng co th:inn thirc va(t rtmg thuéng xanh quanh nam.
Dia hinh viing nui trung binh Chu Do Jui, nam ci phia Tay Bac cua tinh, ngan c:ich thung liing song Ba (Gia Lai) va cao nguyen Bufin Ma Thuot, do cao trung binh 600-700 in, dinh Chu Do Jiu cao 1.l03m. Dia hinh bao mon, xam thuc, thuc va(t gom cac loai cay tai sinh, rirng thua va dat canh tac nong nghi(p.
DJa hinh cao nguyén
Dia hinh cao nguyén chiém phan lém di(n tich tp nhien cua tinh, dia hinh bang phang, cao o giiia va thap dan ve hai phia, dia hinh thap dan tu Dong Bac xuong Tay Nam. Toan tinh co 2 cao nguyén 1én:
Cao nguyén Buon Ma Thuot la cao nguyén rong lén chay déi tti Bac xuong Nam tren 90 km, tu Déng sang Tay 70 km. Phia Bac cao gan 800m, phia Nam 400 in, thoiii dan ve phia Tay c6n 300 m. Day la vilng cé dia hinh kha bang phang. Phan tin di(n tich cao nguyén nay 1:i dat do Bazan mau mo va hau hét da duoc khai thac sfi dung.
Cao nguyen M’Drak nam fi phia Dong ctia tinh, do cao trung binh 400- 500 in, dia hinh cao nguyén nay go ghé, khu trung tain cé dia hinh nhu long chiio cao ci chung quanh va thap dan vao trung tain. Dat Granit chiém phan lén di(n tich véi cac th:irn thuc va(t rtmg thu6ng xanh ci nui cao va triing cé ci nui thap vii doi thoai.
Bja hinh viing bang trfing Kréng Pac - Lak
ham fi phia Dong-Nam cua tinh, gi fia caO nguyén Buon Ma Thuot va day nui cao Chu Yang Sin, do cao trung binh 400-500m. Day la thung liing cua fun song Serepok, cé canh dong Lak — Krfin8 Ana rong khoang 20.000 ha.
c.Khi h)u thiri tiet
Do da)c diém vi tn d|a ly, dia hinh nén khi hau c Dak Lak viia chiu su chi phoi cu khi h a)u nhi(t déi gié mua, vua mang tinh chat cua khi ha(u cao nguyén in:it diu. Soag chiu tinh hu rig manh nhat chu yéu van la khi hau Tay Truéng Son. nhi(t do trung binh khong cao, mua He rnua nhiéu, lt nang béc do chiu :inh huéng cua gio mua Tay nam, mtia Déng mua it. Vung phia Dong vii Dong Bac thuoc cac huy(n M’Draf , Ea Kar, Krong Nang la vting khi ha)u trung gian, chJu anh huéng khi hau Tay v:i Dong Truéng Son.
d• Tiii nguyén • Tai nguyén nuirc
Voi nhiing da(c diém ve khi ha)u-thuy vén va v6i 3 he thong song ngoi phan bo tumg doi déu trén l5nh tho (he thong song Serepok; hc thong song Ba, h( thong song Dang Nai) cung v6i hiing tram hfi chira vé 833 con suot cé do dal trén 10 km, da taw cho Dak Dak mot mang luéi song hfi kha d:iy da)c, nhiéu viing trong tinh cé kh:i n rg khai thiic nguon nuéc ma)t thu a)n lpi de phuc vp s:in xuat vii déii song.
•Tdi nguyén dat
Mot trong nhiing tai nguyén 16n dupc thiéu nhien uu d5i cho Dak Lak, dé la I:ii ngu’ en dat. Toan tinh cé di n tich nhien la 13.085 km2, trong dé chtl yéu la nhé m it xiim, dat dé bazan va not so nhfim khac nhu: dat phti sa, dat gley, dat den. Dat c 6 ciic nhém chinh:Nhom dat phu sa (Fuvisoils); Nhé›m dat Gley (Gleysoils); Nhéni Jat xiim (Acrisols); nhfim Alluvisal; Nhom dat dé (Ferrasol, trong dé› chti yéu la dat dv bazan).
•rai nguyén rirng
594.4 8i,9 ha, rtmg trong l:i 14.397,3 ha. Do che phu riing dat 46,620 ap trung viing doc h iaah lang bién gicii Vi(t Nam - Campuchia. Rimg Dak Lak phong phu va da
dang, thu6ng c6 ket can 3 tang, cé tac dung ph fi ng ho cao; c6 nhiéu loai cay da)c san vua co pia tri kinh té, vua c6 gia tri khoa h pc; phan bo trong diéu kien lap dia thu a( n lpi, nén rirng tai sinh cé mat do kha l n; cé nhléu foal dong vat quy hiém ( nhiéu loai ghi trong sach dé the gicii) phan bo chu yéu fi vu6n Quoc gia Yok Don va cac khu bao ton Nain Kar, Chv Yangsin.
• San xuat, san xuat nfi ng lam n ghi(p
Ty trpng san xuat cac nganh nam 2010: Nong tain nghi(p, thfiy siin chiém 49,76%; Cong nghiep va xay d g chiém l7,58%; dich vp chiém 32,66% Siin xuat nong tain nghiep ciia Dak Lak la nganh kinh Ie quan trpng nhat ciia tinh. Dak Lak la trpng diem siin xuat nong lam nghiep cua khu c Tay Nguyén.
4.1.2. Xii hoi
Tinh Dak Lak dan so gan 1.754.390 tri(u nguéi, cé 44 dan toc, trong do dong bao DTTS, chiém 30%. Co 14 huy(n, 01 thanh phfi; 184 xa, phuéng, thi tran.8
Thanh phan céc dan toc tai cho é Dak Lak chu yéu I:i ngucii Edé, M’nong vii mot so dan toc it nguoi khac nhu Ba na, Gia rat, Sé déng... nhung so lupng khong 16n. Tong so dan cac dan toc tai cho hi(n nay la 253. 154 nguéi; trong dé dan toc Edé chiém den 70. $0 , dan tcic Mnfing chiém 17%, cac dan toc kh:ic nhu Ba na, Gia rat, Sé dang... chiém 18,5%.
Co can thanh phan dan toc trong tinh thay dfii nhanh chéng. Trong so 44 dan toc anh em cé m a)t trén dia biin Dak Lak mo( t so dan toc cé l( : Kinh : 70, 66 0 o; E de : 13,69 0 o; Nung: 3,9 %; Hmong: 3,5 l %; Tay: 3,03 O ; Th:ii: 1,04 0 o; Dao
0,86
% .. .’
Neu cé su nghién ctm quy hoach h ly mot so dat rimg ½ nhien ( nhat la ning nghéo,
do( che phfi thap) cé thé chuyén doi thanh dat nong nghi(p. Di(n tich dat chua dupc sfi ‹dung cé› the quy hoach lai phuc vp vi(c dinh cu cho dong bao chua cé dat san xuat vii dat ci on dinh lau dai.
’Nién giém I.hong ké tinh Dak La k, 2010