- Th^nh phan hoa hgc va tmh khong thuan nhat: Chi kich thuoc vd tinh la chua du dl xac dinh
1.2.8.Khdng huyet Ihanh don dong vd da dong
Khang th«
epitope ^ 1 ^
<^ Khang nguyen K
4^. J
'^J''
2 ^ ^
Hinh 1.6. Cdc khdng huyet thanh da đng, mSi khang huyet thanh lien kit vdi mgt epitope khac nhau
Khdng huylt thanh don đng
Cdc khdng huyet thanh dan đng chi nhdn biet mgt epitope tren mdt khdng nguyen cho sdn (hinh 6). Theo dinh nghia, tat cd cdc khdng huylt thanh don đng ciing mot đng thi giong het nhau vd dugc sdn xuat bdi cimg mgt đng tuong bdọ
Khdng huyet thanh don đng dugc sii dung rdng rai trong sinh hgc vd y hgc, chiing vira la phuong ti^n chan dodn, vira Id cdng cu dieu trị Thi du, chung dugc iing dyng trong mdt phuong phdp phdt hi^n cd thai dugc sir dung pho bien hien nay
Trudc day, vigc sdn xuat khdng huyet thanh dcm đng in vitro rat khd khdn do đi sdng ngdn ngiii ciia cdc tuong bdọ Khdng huyet thanh chi thu dugc in vivo bdng cdch tiem mgt khang
nguyen c^ the vao mgt dOng vat roi chiet lay khang huyet thanh trong mdu, Phuong phap ndy rat ton kem nhung chi thu dugc lugng khdng huylt thanh rat it, khdng thuan nhat vd bi d nhiem
Mdt tien bg to Idn đ dat dugc cudi nhiing ndm 1970 bdi Cesar Milstein vd Georges Kdhler vdi ky thuat hybridoma (te bdo lai giua 1 lympho B cd khd nang sdn xuat khang huyet thanh vdi 1 te bdo ung thu cd đi sdng khd dai).
Khdng huyet thanh da đng
Cdc khdng huylt thanh da đng la mdt tap hop cac khang huyet thanh đc hieu vdi cdc epitope khac nhau tren mgt khdng nguyen cho trudc (xem hinh 7). Trong đp iing mien dich, co the tdng hgp nhieu khdng huylt thanh tuong iing vdi cac epitope ciia ciing mgt khang nguyen; đp irng nhu vay ggi la da đng.