III. Give the correct tenses of the verbs in brackets:
Period 28: Grammar
19. Danh t? dựng làm tớnh t?
Trong ti?ng Anh cú nhi?u tru?ng h?p m?t danh t? d?ng tru?c m?t danh t? khỏc làm nhi?m v? c?a m?t tớnh t? (a wool coat, a gold watch, a history teacher). Danh t? di tru?c cú vai trũ c?a m?t tớnh t?, b? nghia cho danh t? di sau. Cỏc danh t? dúng vai trũ c?a tớnh t? luụn luụn ? d?ng s? ớt, cho dự danh t? du?c chỳng b? nghia cú th? ? d?ng s? nhi?u (tr? m?t vài tru?ng h?p cỏ bi?t: a sports car, small- claims court, a no-frills store). Cỏc liờn k?t s? d?m – danh t? (number-noun) luụn du?c ngan cỏch b?i d?u g?ch n?i.
We took a five-week tour.
(We took a tour that lasted five weeks)
He has a two-year subscription to that magazine. (His subscription to that magazine is for two years) These are twenty-dollar shoes.
These shoes cost twenty dollars.
Khi nào dựng danh t? làm tớnh t?, khi nào dựng tớnh t? c?a danh t? dú?
Trong m?t s? tru?ng h?p n?u dựng danh t? làm tớnh t? thỡ nú mang nghia den: A gold watch → a watch made of gold.
Nhung n?u dựng tớnh t? thỡ nú mang nghia búng:
A golden opportunity = a chance that it is very rare and precious (quớ giỏ). Khụng du?c dựng tớnh t? d? b? nghia cho danh t? khi nú ch? tớnh ch?t ngh? nghi?p ho?c n?i dung, khi dú ph?i dựng danh t? d? dúng vai trũ tớnh t?:
a mathematics teacher, a biology book
20. Cỏch dựng Enough
Enough thay d?i v? trớ theo t? lo?i c?a t? mà nú b? nghia. Nú luụn d?ng sau tớnh t? và phú t?:
Are those french fries good enough for you?
She speak Spanish well enough to be an interpreter. It is not cold enough now to wear a heavy jacket. Nhung l?i d?ng tru?c danh t?:
Do you have enough sugar for the cake?
He does not have enough money to attend the concert.
N?u danh t? dĩ du?c nh?c d?n tru?c dú, thỡ ? du?i cú th? dựng enough nhu m?t d?i t? thay cho danh t?
I forgot money. Do you have enough?
21. Much, many, a lot of và lots of – trong m?t s? tru?ng h?p khỏc
Much & many
• Many ho?c much thu?ng d?ng tru?c danh t?. Many di v?i danh t? d?m du?c và much di v?i danh t? khụng d?m du?c:
She didn’t eat much breakfast. (Cụ ta khụng an sỏng nhi?u)
There aren’t many large glasses left. (Khụng cũn l?i nhi?u c?c l?n)
• Tuy nhiờn much of cú th? di v?i tờn ngu?i và tờn d?a danh: I have seen too much of Howard recently.
(G?n dõy tụi hay g?p Howard) Not much of Denmark is hilly. (éan m?ch khụng cú m?y d?i nỳi)
• Many/much of + determiner (a, the, this, my... ) + noun. You can’t see much of a country in a week.
(Anh khụng th? bi?t nhi?u v? m?t nu?c trong vũng m?t tu?n dõu.) I won’t pass the exam. I have missed many of my lessons.
(Tụi s? khụng thoỏt du?c k? thi này m?t, tụi b? quỏ nhi?u bài.)
• Many và much dựng nhi?u trong cõu ph? d?nh và cõu nghi v?n, trong cõu kh?ng d?nh cú th? dựng cỏc lo?i t? khỏc nhu plenty of, a lot, lots of... d? thay th?.
How much money have you got? I’ve got plenty. (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});
He got lots of men friends, but he doesn’t know many women.
Tuy v?y trong ti?ng Anh, much và many v?n du?c dựng bỡnh thu?ng trong cõu kh?ng d?nh.
Much has been written about the causes of unemployment in the opinion of many economists.
• Much dựng nhu m?t phú t? (much d?ng tru?c d?ng t? nhung d?ng sau very và sau c?u trỳc ph? d?nh c?a cõu):
I don’t travel much these days. (much = very often) I much appreciate your help. (much=highly)
We very much prefer the country to the town. Janet much enjoyed her stay with your family.
• Much too much / many so many (d? nh?n m?nh) dựng d?c l?p sau m?nh d? chớnh, tru?c danh t? mà nú b? ng?.
The cost of a thirty-second commercial advertisement on a television show is $300,000, much too much for most business.
• Many a + singular noun + singular verb: Bi?t bao nhiờu.
Many a strong man has disheartened before such a challenge.
(Bi?t bao chàng trai trỏng ki?n dĩ n?n lũng tru?c m?t th? thỏch nhu v? y)
I have been to the top of the Effeil tower many a time.
• Many’s the + {smt that / sbody who} + singular verb
Many’s the student who couldn’t follow the post-graduate courses at universities and colleges under the pressure of money.
(Bi?t bao nhiờu sinh viờn dĩ khụng th? theo h?c cỏc tru?ng éH và Cé do thi?u ti?n)
Many’s the promise that has been broken. (Bi?t bao nhiờu l?i h?a dĩ b? ph?n b?i)
Preparing Date : Teaching Date:
Period 28 : GrammarPhõn bi?t alot/ lots of/ plenty/ a great deal v?i many/ much Phõn bi?t alot/ lots of/ plenty/ a great deal v?i many/ much
Cỏc thành ng? trờn d?u cú nghia tuong duong v?i much/ many (nhi?u) và most (da ph?n). A lot of/ lots of (informal) = a great deal/ a large number of/ much/ many (formal).
• Khụng cú khỏc nhau gỡ m?y gi?a a lot of và lots of. Ch? ng? chớnh sau hai thành ng? này s? quy?t d?nh vi?c chia d?ng t?.
A lot of/ lots of +
uncountable noun + singular verb plural noun + plural verb
A lot of time is needed to learn a language. Lots of us think it’s time for an election.
• Plenty of du?c dựng ph? bi?n trong informal English. Don’t rush, there’s plenty of time.
Plenty of shops take checks.
• A large a mount of = a great deal of + non-count noun (formal English) I have thrown a large amount of old clothing.
Mr Lucas has spent a great deal of time in the Far East.
• A lot và a great deal cú th? du?c dựng làm phú t? và v? trớ c?a nú là ? cu?i cõu.
On holiday we walk and swim a lot.
The gorvernment seems to change its mind a great deal. (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});
More & most
• More + noun/noun phrase: dựng nhu m?t d?nh ng? We need more time.
More university students are having to borrow money these day.
• More + of + personal/geographic names
It would be nice to see more of Ray and Barbara.
(R?t hay khi du?c g?p Ray và Barbara thu?ng xuyờn hon.)
(500 nam tru?c dõy, da ph?n nu?c Anh ph? nhi?u r?ng hon bõy gi? nhi?u)
• More of + determiner/pronoun (a/ the/ my/ this/ him/ them...) He is more of a fool than I thought.
(Nú là m?t th?ng ngu hon tụi tu?ng nhi?u)
Three more of the missing climbers have been found. Could I have some more of that smoked fish.
I don’t think any more of them want to come.
• One more/ two more... + noun/ noun phrase There is just one more river to cross.
• Nhung ph?i dựng cardinal number (s? d?m) + noun + more (Five dollars more) n?u more mang nghia thờm n?a.
He has contributed $50, and now he wants to contribute $50 more.
• Most + noun = éa ph?n, da s?
Most cheese is made from cow’s milk. Most Swiss people understand French.
• Most + determiner/ pronoun (a, the, this, my, him...) = H?u h?t... He has eaten 2 pizzas and most of a cold chicken.
Most of my friends live abroad. She has eaten most of that cake. Most of us thought he was wrong.
• Most cung du?c dựng thay cho m?t danh t?, n?u ? trờn, danh t? ho?c ch? ng? dú dĩ du?c nh?c d?n.
Some people had difficulty with the lecture, but most understood. Ann and Robby found a lot of blackberries, but Susan found the most.
• Most + adjective khi mang nghia very (khụng ph? bi?n) That is most kind of you.
Thank you for a most interesting afternoon.
Long & (for) a long time
• Long du?c dựng trong cõu h?i và cõu ph? d?nh. Have you been waiting long?
It does not take long to get to her house. She seldom stays long.
• (for) a long time dựng trong cõu kh?ng d?nh I waited for a long time, but she didn’t arrive. It takes a long time to get to her house.
• Long cung du?c dựng trong cõu kh?ng d?nh khi di v?i: too, enough, as, so The meeting went on much too long.
I have been working here long enough. It’s time to get a new job. You can stay as long as you want.
• Long before (lõu tru?c khi)/ long after (mĩi sau khi)/ long ago (cỏch dõy dĩ lõu)
We used to live in Paris, but that was long before you were born. Long after the accident he used to dream that he was dying. Long ago, in a distant country, there lived a beautiful princess. (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});
• Long mang vai trũ phú t? ph?i d?t sau tr? d?ng t?, tru?c d?ng t? chớnh: This is a problem that has long been recognized.
• All (day/ night/ week/ year) long = su?t c?... She sits dreaming all day long
(Cụ ta ng?i mo m?ng su?t c? ngày).
• Before + long = Ngay bõy gi?, ch?ng bao lõu n?a I will be back before long
(Tụi s? quay l?i ngay bõy gi?).
• Trong cõu ph? d?nh for a long time (dĩ lõu, trong m?t th?i gian dài) ≠ for long (ng?n, khụng dài, ch?c lỏt)
She didn’ t speak for long.
(She only spoke for a short time) She didn’ t speak for a long time. (She was silent for a long time)
Preparing Date : Teaching Date: