biet hai chat nay diing phan ihig trang bac (chi c6 axit fomic phan ling tao Ag ket tiia).
COng thu:c diing la B.
Tinh s6' mol cac chat va so mol cac nguyen to khi d6't chay 0,1 mol X :
^'"^^ =0,3 m o l C O 0,3 mol C.
" C O , =
22,4
112
n w , =- —— = 0,05 mol ^ c6 0,1 mol N .
N2 22,4 6 3 6 3
i^HjO = ~ = 0'35 mol18 c6 0,7 mol H.
-> Trong phan tu X c6 3 nguyfin tir C ; 7 nguydn tir H 1 nguyfen tu N. CrPTcuaXlaC3H702N.
3.11. C6ng thirc diing la B.
Chia khoa de tra 15i bai nay la nhan ra g6'c axit trong c^c c6ng thiJc cho 6 dap in. Cong thurc B c6 g6'c axit CINH3 - CH2 - COO" :
CH3 - CH2 - OOC - CH2 - NH 3C] + 2NaOH
^ H2N - C H 2 -COONa + NaCl + C2H5OH + H2O 3.12. Dap an dung la C. Cac dipeptit 1^: 1) N H 2 - C H 2- C - N H- C H 2- C - O H : glyxin-glyxin. O O 2) NH2 - CH - C - NH - CH - C - OH : alanin - alanin. I II I II CH3 O CH3 O 3) NH2 - CH2 - C - NH - CH - C - OH : glyxin - alanin. II I II O CH3 O 4) N H 2- C H - C - N H- C H 2- C - O H : alanin-glyxin. • CH3 O O 3.13. C6ng thiic dung la D. • DatCTPTcuaXla C^HyÔN,: 24 5 16 14 x : y : z : t = — — : — = 2 : 5 : 1 : 1. CTDGN cua X la C2H5ON
Trong phan tir X c6 2 nguyfin tu N nen CTPT cua X \h C4H,o02N2. 3.14. C6ng thiic dung la C.
172
m w 14 23,73
— = - -> 12x + y = 45 m c + n i H 12x + y 76,27
Nghiem duy nhát C3H9N hay C3H7 - N H j .
315. Dap.an dung la Ạ
CH3 - NH2 c6 tinh baza lam xanh quy tim, t^c dung vdi cdc axit, trong 66 FcClj la axit Bron-stet nen c6 phan iimg :
3 C H 3 - N H 2 + Fea3 + 3 H 2 O ^ 3 C H 3- N H 3 C 1 + Fe(OH)3l
3.16. Dap s6' dung la B.
Chat khi bay iSn c6 tinh baza nhimg khfing thé la NH3 vi day khong the la mu6'i amoni, do do phai la amin, tiic la X phai 1^ mu6'i etylamoni nitrat:
i/ft^ C2H5NH3NO3 + NaOH — ^ C2H5NH2 + NaN03 + H2O
0,1 mol 0,1 mol 0,1 mol 0,1 mol Kh6'i luang m g6m 0,1 mol NaN03 vik 0,1 mol NaOH dụ
m = 0,1.85+ 0,1 .40= 12,5 gam.
3.17. C6ng thu-c diing la C.
Dat CTPT ciia amino axit la CxHyÔN,. Ta c6 :
46,6 8,74 31,07 13,59 , „ ^ , (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});
X : y : z : t = — ^ : ^ — : : — ^ « 4 : 9 : 2 : 1. , , , ^ - 12 1 16 14 • ' CTPT cung la CTDGN nen CTPT la C4H9O2N.
3-18. C6ng thirc Viet sai la D.
Amino axit C4H8O2N viét thanh H 2 N - C 3 H 5- C O O H . C6ng thiJc nky Viet sai VI khdng c6 g6'c - C3H5 - (G6'c C3H5 h6a tri 2)
^•19. Dap dn diing la B.
Lisin c6 2 nhom - NH2 va chi c6 1 nhom -COOH nen c6 tmh baza, lam quy tim chuy^n thanh mau xanh.
^•20. Dap an diing la C. t'-'
T i n h s6' m o l cua cac nguy^n t6' :
n r o . = = 0,375 nc = 0,375 m o l .
iiN^ = = 0,0625 = 0,0625. 2 = 0,125 m o l . 22,4
"HzO = = 0,5625 - > H H = 0,5625. 2 = 1,125 m o l .
CTPT cua a m i n don chiic : C ^ H y N .
X ; y : 1 = 0.375 : 1.125 : 0,125 = 3 : 9 : 1 . CTPT cua amin dan chirc la : C3HgN hay C 3 H 7 N H 2 . CTPT cua amin dan chirc la : C3HgN hay C 3 H 7 N H 2 .
3.21. Dap an dung la B.
Cau 2 sai : Glyxin t6n tai dudri dang ion luang cue, tiic la dudi dang muoi n6i phan tir. 6 nhiet d6 thuang no la chat ran.
Cau 4 s a i : A x i t axetic khdng tham gia phan ling trdng hap va trilng ngung.
3.22. C6ng thirc dung la B.
Co the bieu dien cong thiJc va phan irng ciia X vdi N a O H nhu sau :
( N H 2 ) 2 - C ^ H y - C O O H + NaOH ^ ( N H 2 ) 2 - C ^ H y - C O O N a + H 2 O
T a c d : 12x + y + 67 + 14.2 = 154 gam ^ 12x + y = 55. Nghiem dung duy nhát : x = 4 , y = 7.
Vay CTPT ciia X la C 5 H , 2N2O2.
3.23. C6ng thiic dung la A .
Co the bi^u dien c6ng thiic va phan ling ciia Y vdi H C l nhu sau :
( N H 2 ) 2 - C ^ H y - C O O H + 2HC1 (NH3C1)2 - C ^ H y - C O O H
Ta C O : 12x + y + 45 + 5Z5 .2 = 205 gam ^ 12x + y = 55.
Nghiem diing duy nhát : x = 4 , y = 7.
v a y CTPT cua X la C 5 H , 2N2O2.
3.24. ^
J 24. C6ng thu-c dung la B.
Cac phuang crinh phan ung : /,?
(NH2 )b - R - (COOH)a + bHCl - > (NH3Cl) b - R - (COOH)a (1) (NH2 )b - R - (COOH)a + a N a O H - » ( N H 2 )b - R - (COONa)^ + a H 2 O (2) (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});
Gpi CTPT ciia X la M , theo phuang trinh phan irng (1,2) ta cd ht phuang trinh : 3.27 3.28 3.29 3.30 3.31 3.32 M + 3 6 , 3 b - 1 6 9 , 5 M +22a = 177 22a + 36,5b = 7,5 M = 133. Nghiem duy nhát phD hap la : a = 2. b = 1
vay CTPT cua X la C4H7NO4.
3.25. So do phan phan irng C.
3.26. Dap an diing la B.
Gpi cdng thiic phan tir cua a m i n o a x i t X la N H 2 - R - C O O H . Phuang t r i n h phan ling v d i axit H C l :.
H 2 N- R - C O O H + H C 1 H 3 C I N- R - C O O H 1,255-0,89 1,255-0,89 (1) Theo (1) : n^ = U H C I = 36,5 = 0,01 m o l " 0,01 16 + C ^ H y + 45 = 89 ^ C ^ H y = 28 ->• C ^ H y = C 2 H 4 .
C6ng thu-c cáu tao cua X l a : C H 3 - CH - C O O H . N H , Dap An dung la B. Dap an đng la B. Dap an diing la A . Dap an diing la B. Dap an diing la C. C6ng thiic diing la D . 1 7 = ;
pH = 2 ^ [ H ^ ] = 10"^ = 0 , 0 1 M .
S6 mol H"" CO trong 1 lit dung dich A : nj^+ = 0,01.1 = 0,01 mol.
A m i n dan chiJc, no, bac I tac dung v 6 i axit (H"^) :
0,01 0,01 mol
Kh6'i lirang mol trung binh : 0,59 0,01 = 59.
14 n + 17 = 59 n = 3 n, = 2 Hai amin c6 c6ng thiJc cáu tao : Hai amin c6 c6ng thiJc cáu tao :
C H 3 - C H 2 - N H 2 va C H 3 - C H 2 - C H 2 - C H 2 - N H 2 .
3.33. Dap an diing la Ạ
- Chat khi thu duoc (kh6ng b| háp thu bang dung dich ki6m) la N2 v6i s6' mol la 4,74/22,4 = 0,2 m o l . s6' mol la 4,74/22,4 = 0,2 m o l .
- A m i n dan gian nhát la C H 3 - N H 2 da chay :
• C H 3 - N H 2 ) (1/2) N 2 1 mol 0,5 m o l 1 mol 0,5 m o l
Theo d i u bai : 0,8 mol 0,4 m o l < 0,5 m o l . -> Hop chat huu ca c6 thi la amin dan gian.
3.34. Dap an diing la D. 3.35. Tinh chat neu sai la B. 3.35. Tinh chat neu sai la B. 3.36. C6ng thurc diing la D.
Ttr khfíi lugfng cac san ph^m chaỵ Ta c6 :
nc = 0,07 mol ; n n = 0,11 mol ; n ^ = 0,03 mol.
Goi A la CxHyOz ^ x : y : z = nc : n n : H N = 7 : 11 : 3.
176
C6ng thirc nguydn cua A : ( C 7 H 1 iNj)^ •
A tac dung v6i dung djch H C l nen A la amin. 0,05 mol A tac dung v 6 i 0,15 m o l H C l . 0,05 mol A tac dung v 6 i 0,15 m o l H C l .
1 mol A tac dung vdri 3 m o l H C l .
-> Phan tir A c6 3 nh6m amin hay c6 3 nguyfin tur N .
CTPTciia A la C y H n N j . 3.37. Dap an dung la Ạ
Goi CTPT cua amin A la C„H2n+iNH2 hay C n H 2 n+3N . Phuang trinh phan irng chay : (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});
C n H 2 n + l N H 2 + 0 2 ^ n C 0 2 + H2O + | N 2 (1)
ncô : H H ^ O = 2 : 3 -> n : = 2 : 3 n = 3. v a y CTPT cua amin A la C 3 H 7 N H 2 hay C 3 H 9 N .
3.38. Dap an dung la C. 3.39. Dap an dung la C. 3.39. Dap an dung la C.
3.40. Chat - loai hap chat phil hop : 1 - C ; 2 - D ; 3 - B ; 4 - G ; 5 - Ẹ 3.41. Tinh chat ndu sai la C. 3.41. Tinh chat ndu sai la C.
3.42. Dap an diing la D.
3.43. Dap an diing la C. ^ n
cac d6ng phan c6 c6ng thiic C 3 H 9 N la :
(1) C H 3 - C H 2 - C H 2 - N H 2 ; (2) C H 3- C H- C H 3 ;
N H 2 , •
(3) C H 3 - C H 2- N H ; (4) C H 3- N- C H 3 .
C H 3 C H 3
Dat c6ng thirc tdng qudt cua X la (H2N)x - R- (COOH)y Phuang trinh phan iimg :
(H2N) x - R - ( C O O H ) y + x H C l ^ (ClHgN)^-R-(COOH)y . 0,01 mol 0,01 mol
(H2N)x -R- (COOH)y + y N a O H ^ (ClHsN)^ -R- (COONa)y +y H2O Q]
Theo ( 1 ) : X = = 1 ^ m6t nhom N H 2 .
Theo (2) : y = — = 2 ^ hai nhom COOH. ^ 0,01
Mn^uo-i = ^ = 183,5 ^ M R = 183,5 - (45.2) - 36,5 - 1 6 = 41
^ R la C3H5 C6ng thiic phan tir cua X la H 2 N - C 3 H 5 - (COCHU 3.45. Dap an dung la C.
Gpi c6ng thiic phan tir amin dan ch6c, kh6ng no la CnH2n+2-2a+ i N V6i a = 1. Phuang trinh phan ling chay :
C n H 2 n. l N n C 0 2 + ^ H 2 O + i N 2
= ^ ^ n - 4 - ^ C A H Q N . 2n 8 ^ ^ 3.46. Dap s6' diing la D.
Theo dinh luat bao loan khS'i lugng : m n a = 31,68 - 2 0 = 11,68 gam.
namin = nHCl = ^ = 0'32 mol ^ V^dHQ = ^ = 0,32 lit = 320 ml-
.3.47. C6ng thirc dung la B.
Goi CTPT ciia amin no, dan churc la : CnH2n+3N .
C n H 2 n . 3 N + ^ 0 2 ^ n C 0 2 + ^ H 2 O + i N 2 178 o - . 6,2 S6 mol amm = 14n + 17 < 6,2 6n + 3 10,08 ^ S6 mol O2 = . = —-— = 0,45. 14n + 17 4 22,4
-> n = 1 -> C6ng thirc phan tir ciia amin la C H 3 - NH2 •
3.48. Y dung la 2. Ket qua tao thanh C. 3.49. Dap an dung la B. 3.49. Dap an dung la B. 3.50. Dap an diing la C. 3.51. Dap an diing la D. 3.52. Dap an dung la D. 3.53. Dap an dung la C. 4 d6ng phan amin la : C H 3 - C H 2 - C H 2 - N H 2 , C H 3- C H( N H 2 ) - C H 3 , (CH3) 3 C-NH2 , C H 3- N H- C H 2 - C H 3 . 3.54. Dap an diing la B.
Co 4 d6ng phan amin bac 1 ; va 3 amin bac 2 va 1 amin bac 3.55. Dap an diing la C.
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