- May dao gau thu~ thich hgp kh6i dao cao hon m?tbdng may dUng va nang sudt cao.
6.3.MAy DAM BETONG 1 Khaini~m
a. 1)6 bAng cach I~t up thllng iii betong tl1 chay ra: LO(linay thuang co dung tich thung006«250lit), db OOaOO,hay dUng anm yeu cdu kh6i lugng be tong006.
6.3.MAy DAM BETONG 1 Khaini~m
May d~ be tong dimg de lam ch~t cac h<ltcat, dli, xi mang trong kh6i be tong, do do lam tang CUCTngSIrCb~n cua be tong. Sir d\lDg may d~ be tong khong nhihlg cho nang su~t cao rna con lam cho kh6i be tong chong dong k6t, dam bao ch~t luqng be tong.
May d~ be tong d~u dugc thi6t k6 theo nguyen Iy ch~ dQng de lam giam rna sat va h,rc dinh giua cac h<lttrong kh3i be tong, do trQng luqng ban than chUng tl,l x6p ch~t I<li vOi nhau. Phucrng phap gay ch~ dQng thUCTngco hai 10<li:DUng banh I~ch tam quay vai t6c dQ cao, ho~c dung v~t n~g dao dQng vOi tl1n s6 100. DQng Il,lcdUng cho banh I~ch tam quay ho~c v~t n~g dao dQng co the la SIrCdi~n, di~n tir, khong khi nen hay dQng ccr d6t trong, nhung thong thUCTngla dimg dQng C(Jdi~n de quay banh I~ch tam.
6.3.2. Phan IO'ili
Can Clr vao vi til may d~ be tong tac d\lDg vao kh6i be tong co the chia may d~ be tong ra thanh 4 10<linhu sau:
May dfun dugc ~t tIVc ti6p len tren kh6i be tong, huangtruy~n h,rc rung dQng til
tren xu6ng dum. Phuong pUp nay thuang dUng d~ dfun cac kh6i be tongc6 b~ m\it pM Ian va chi~u day nh6 nhu san nha m\it duang be tong ...
2) DAm trong: (dfun chi~u sau)
Qua dfun dugc d\it sau trong kh6i be tong, trong qua trinh lam vi~c qua dfun se truy~n Igc rung dQng ra xung quanh. Phuong pUp nay thuang dUng d~ dfun ..cac kh6i be tong day ho\ic di~n tich nh6 nhu cQt, dfun, m6ng nhll, rn6 cAu, tr'\I cdu ..• nai rna ddni m\it khong tlic d\lIlg tai dugc.
3) DAm Cttnh:
Qua dfun (la mQt dQng co gay rung) dugc 6p cMt vao ben c(Ulhkh6i be tong, trong qua trinh dQng ca gay rung lam vi~c Igc rung dQng do dQng ca sinh ra truy~n qua van khuon lam cho be tong dugc lim ch\it. Phuong phlip nay thuang dUng d~ lam cac kh6i be tong Ian nhu: Trong cong ngh~ duc dfun cAu, dUng 6p vao cac ban xe d1,lllgbe tong ho\ic nhihlg kh6i be tong rna nai d6 kh6 sir d\lIlg 10(ll dfun b~ m\it va dfun trong nhu caccQc be tong c6t thep day va cac vong be tong c6t thep ...
4) DAm til"phia dtr6i:
B(>ph~ chful dQng d\it 6 phia dumcAu ki~n be tong, thuang dUng de diim cae cAu ki~n be tong duc sfuI nhu panen, tAm mlii, dfun cAu khdu dQ 33m ...
Nh6m may dfun c(Ulhva dfun tit phia dum la cac may dfun dugc 6p ben ngoai van khuon. D\ic di~m cua cua cac 10(ll may dfun nay la Igc rung dQng do may dfun ttto ra khong trl,lc ti6p truy~n cho h6n hgp be tong dfun len truy~n qua van khuon.
D~ dfun len cac du ki~n be tong nhu dfun cdu khdu dQ lan ... nguai ta ch6 ttto h~ th6ng ban rung. Cac ban khuon nay c6 th~ la rung vo huang ho\ic la rung c6 huang.
Dao dQng c6 th~ la di~u hila, ho\ic dao dQng kh6ng di~u bOa... D~ tang hi~u qua dfun len trong qua trinh dfun len c6 th~ k6t hgp nhi~u phuong phlip dfun nhu: Dfun c(Ulh + dfun trong ... ,~~"'::.~':'~' ".~.•: ~~",' :..,. -.. ~, '. :.'. ., " . f .:,...~'...•." .',' "~,,
Hinh6-6: Cac10\11may dAm
a). DAmmiit;b). Dk trong;c). DAmc\lnh; d). Dk dum
Ngoai cac phuong phlip rung thuAn tuy, ngum ta con k6t hgp cac phuong phlip khac nhau d~ lam ch\it h6n hgp be tong nhu: dfun c(Ulh+ dfun trong.
6.3.3. May dam m~t 1. May ddm bim: a. Cliu ttto: (Hinh 6.7)
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C~u t{lo Clla may dAm bim (hinh 6-7a) gam cac bi} ph~: 1. B(l ph~ gay chfuI di}ng; 2. Bim slit; 3. Quai xach; 4. Day di~n.
Hlnh6-7 May dlim ban.
alCdu t;lo chung;
1. BQph~n gay chlin dQng; 2. Ban slit; 3. Quai xach;
4. Day di~n.
b,c. Cdu t;lo be. ph~ gay chlin dQng.
1. VO may; 2. C6 trvc; 3. Roto; 4. Banh l~ch'tam; 5. Tl'\lc quay; 6.6dO'.
2. Nguyen If lam vj~c: (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});
Bi} ph~ gay chfuI di}nghlrni}t di}ng co di~n kieu lang soc, hal d~u ttvc cua roto duqc llip c~t hai blinh l~ch tam. Khi roto quay thi blinh l~ch tam quay theo, gay ra h!c ly tam lam ca bim dAm rung len. Chi6u sau tac d\mg cua db bim khoimg 20+25cm, th<ri gian db
mi}t chii tir 15+20 giay.
2. May dim thllO'c: (Hinh 6-8)
Bi} ph~ gay chfuI di}ng dugc d~t a giiia db. Hal d~u db co 2 g6i slit de d~t len tren thlinh c6p pha. 06i slit co the xe djch dugc tren d~u db de phil hgp vm C\Ily giiia hai thlinh van. Khi db dn 2 cong nhan diing ahal ben keo db truqt d~ tren m~t thanh van. eb thuac rlit thich iing vm vi~c db cac kh6i be tong mong, hllP va dili nhu m~t dubng be tong ho~c dubng bang cua san bay .. Th<rigian db tlJ,imi}t chii khoimg 30 giay
6.3.4. May dam trong 1. May dim dili:
Can ell'VilO Igc gay ehful dl)ng, ngum ta chia dfun dui thllnh 3 lo~: Dfun di~n (co dfun dui tn,lc m6m, dfun dui can clIng, dfun dui cgc m(lllh), dfun dill khi m:n va dfun di~I1tif (dfun sQc).
I)' d"t ' a. am UI rye mem:
* ciu ttIo:
Theo (hinh6-9) dfun dui tn,lc m6m gam cac hI) ph~ ehinh:
+ vJcdu tlJOchung:
1. Dl)ng ca di~n; 2. TJ1Icm6m; 3. Qua dfun; 4. Ban slit.
+ vJ cdu tlJO cua qua 116m co tn,tc l~ch tam:
1. V 0 dfun; 2. TJ1Ic I~ch tam gay chful dl)ng; 3. 6 do; 4. V6 tn,lc; 5. Rul)t tn,lc m6m.
+ vJ cdu tlJO cua qua 116m co tr!,lCMc quay trang:
1. Qua I~e; 2. VlInh !\fa; 3. YO; 4.TJ1Ic I~c; 5. khap ne-i.
+ vJcJu tlJO cua qua 116m co tr!,lCtr!,lc Mc quay ngoai:
I. Qua I~c; 2. Ngong!\fa d6 qua l~c quay; 3.Vo dfun; 4. TJ1Ic; 5. Khap ne-i.
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Hinh 6-9: DAm dili tr\lC m~m a).Lolli l~c trong; b) Lalli I~c ngoili
C)80'de.truy~n dQng: 1- TT\lc; 2- kh6p n6i; 3- Tr\lc mang kh6i I~ch tam; 4- VO dAm; 5- Kh6i I~ch tam;6- BllC hoiic ch6t l\la cuakh6i I~ch tam;
* Nguyen ly lam vi~c:
T6ng the dfun dui g6m d(\ng ca di~n (1) duqc d~t tren bim s~t (4) de keo truqt di chuyen de dimg, tn,lc m6m (2) truy6n Igc theo mQi huang, qua dfun (3), trong d~t b(\ pMn gay chfuI d(\ng.
Ru(\t Clla tf\lC m6m lam bfulg nhi6u thanh thep ho~c sqi thep b6 l(li. Ngoai co vo tf\lc lam bAng thep cu6n gi6ng nhu 10 xo de cho m6m de u6n. Ngoai cilng duqc bQc bOi m(\t 6ng cao su de bao v~ va cach di~n. C<1ut;;tOgful gi6ng nhu mQt day phanh xe d;;tp.M(\t dAu cua tf\lC m6m duqc n6i vm tf\lC cua d(\ng co di~n con dAu kia duqc c~ vao tf\lc cua b(\ ph~ gay chfuI d(\ng. Khi d(\ng ca lam vi~c thi ru(\t mem quay (vo ngoai dirng yen) va truy6n Igc cho tf\lc gay chfuI d(\ng lam qua dfun rung len.
Gay chfuI d(\ng thuang co hai cach: lqi d1,lllgsuc Iy tam cua tf\lc I~ch tam va lqi d1,!ng sg va ch;;trnClla m(\t tf\lc I~c.
Duang kinh qua dfun thong thuang co 2 cO': 50 va 70 mIn. TAn s6 chfuI d(\ng cua banh I~ch tarn tm 6950 IAnJphut va Clla tf\lc I~c tm 10.000+12.000 IAnJpMt. Nhuqc diem cM yeu cua dfun tf\lc m6m la rna sat gifra tf\lC va vo tf\lc cit Ian nen t6n hao cong su&t d(\ng co Ian, truy6n hrc khong duqc xa (thuang trong khoimg 20met)
b. Dim dili 10l}-i can cUng: (IDnh 6-10) (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});
D~c diem clla lo(li dfun nay la d(\ng co va b(\ ph~ gay chfuI d(\ng deu duqc d~t 6 ben trong qua dfun. Phia tren qua dfun n6i vm m(\t can cirng dung de di6u khien qua dfun. Day dfrn di~n tir ngoai vao duqc lu6n qua can n6i vm d(\ng ca d~t 6 ben trong qua dfun. De tranh Igc chfuI d(\ng truy6n len can lam moi tay nguiYidi6u khien, qua dArn va can duqc n6i vm nhau bfulg m(\t 6ng dim h6i bfulg cao suo
Hinh 6-10: DAm dui IO!li can c(mg.
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Hlnh6-13;cdu t(lOddm chay Cltcm(lllh10(li400 kg
1. D(Jngccr;2. Va qua ddm; 3. B(Jph~ trung gian; 4. Dng 5. Vang cao su; 6. Kh6p n6i; 7. Tl'\lctrung gian; 8. DlI'\lc; 9. Trpc llic;10.Qua tlic; II. Ngong qua tlic;12.Gia treo;
13. Thi~t hi c~p; 14. Kh6p n6i hinh cAu;IS. Vang treo.
Uu diem cua lo~ dfun fillYla hi~u suAt truyen l\Ic cao, ph~ vi ph\lc Y\l rQng va co the dieu khien hang 10(ltqua dfun CUngmQt luc nen rAt phU hqp de lam cac kh6i hxgng be tong IOn co c6t thep mang d6i thua. acac cong trinh thuy 19i IOn, ngumta thu<'m.gtreo rAt nhieu qua dfun len mQt khung s~t co the nang h(l va di chuyen dugc de tien hanh dfun mong va than cac d~p IOn. TAn s6 chAn dQng cUa dfun khoang 2840 IWphUt. Thm gian dAm t~ mQt ch6 tir 10+20 giay. Ban kinh mc d\lilg tir 40+60 cm.
c. May dAm chay CIFC m~nh: . * cAnt\lO:
Dfunco cAu t(lO nhu cac dfun dui can c(mg nhung dQng C(Jva qua dfun tuang d6i IOn nen I\ICchAn dQng m(lnh nang suAt dfun rAt cao. No dugc dUng de dfun cac kh6i be tong IOn.
slit;
*Nguyen If lam vi~c:
Nguyen If lam vi~c cua dfun cbay C\ICm(lnh tuang t\I nhu dfun dUi trvc m~m. Ngudn dQng h,rc lAy tir dQng C(Jdi~n co cong suAt tuang d6i IOn. Va do cAu t(lo cua trvc dfuI, bQ ph~ trung gian, tl'\lC I~c va qua I~c d\ic bi~t nen t(lO dugc dQ rung dQng IOn, co ban kinh anh hm'mg tuang d6i rQng. Vi the ngum ta sir d\lng 10(li dAm nay vm cac cong trinh xay d\Ifig nen mong, doi hOi chAt lugng cao va kh6i lugng IOn.
3. May dAmSIlC:
Day la 10(limay dfun dugc dUng de dfun cac cAu ki~n be tong m6ng ho\ic b6 tri c6t thep day rna cac lo~ dfun dUi khac kho lach vao dugc.
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