- TiOOlUll IUQ'Ilgdan vi qua d~p
A C= B= 12,68 = 13,6 5m cosS0,
BC =AC. sinS = 13,65*0,371 = 5,06 m CN = AN - AC = 26,95 - 13,65 =13,30m EB= i= £ = 593 m . sinS 0,371 ' ED= EB = 5,93 =638m cosS 0,929 ' DF = EF- ED = 26,95 - 6,38 = 20,57m 2. TinhK
Theo cong thuc (3-3-3) ta co: K = G.f.cos' S + Eb
G.sin S.cosS
Tinh G - tn;mg IUQ11gkh6i BCNM
G = 13,30+ 20,57 * 2 5 * 2 3 + 20,57 + 26,95 * 2 2 * 1 85 = 194 0 T
2 " 2 " ,
- Tinh Eb: Vi~c tinh toan trj s6 Eb cho kh6i d~t khong d6ng chAt vii co mai nghieng nhu sa d6 tinh Iii rAt phuc tl).P;de dan giiln ta co the tinh gful dUng nhu sau: LAy cac d~c trung Clla d~t, da tren m~t BC Iii trj s6 binh quan gia quyen, m~t dAta
kh6i truqt coi Iii nfun ngang acao trinh ngang vai chieu cao cQt dAt Htt = 0,5BC =
5,06/2 = 2,52m de tinh toano = (2,3 * 2,5 + 1,85*2,2) - 2 09 T/m3 Ytt 47, ' =(40*2,5+16*2,2) -2877° CPtt 47, ' C = (0 * 2,5 + 1,4* 2,2) = 066T/m2 tt 4,7 ' ~b= tg(45°+cptt/2) = 3,434 Ab = tg2(45°+cptt/2) = 11,80
j 1 Htt=2,52m Eb= 1/2*2,09*2,522*11,80 +2*0,66*3,434*2,52 = 90,80 T TiOOK K = G.f.cos' 8+Eb = 194*0,2 *0,929'+90,8 = 1 85 G.sin8.cos8 194*0,371*0,929 '
- Ki6m tra va k€t lu~: K = 1,85 > [K] = 1,15: BQ ph~ bao v~ va tu<mg nghieng dam bao an toan va 6n diOO.
3.3.3.Khlii quat v~ tlnh lun va Ung sudt trong thlin d~p cho d~p dli
D6i \1m cac d~p cao tren 10m cAn tiOOlun cho ~p (thiin, thi€t bi ch6ng tMm, nan).
Vm cac d~p da d6 c~p IV, V co th6 I~y dQ IUntMng dUng b~ng 3% chiau cao d~p; n€u d~p duQ'cdfun n~n ch(it b~ng sUng phun thuy h,rcco th6 I~y b~ng 1,5 % ; vm d~p da x€p co th6 I~y b~g 0,5%.
Vi~c tiOOUng s~t trong thiin d~p da chi phai tiOOcho d~p c~p I, II co chiau cao tren 70m.
CAD HOI ON T~P CHlfONG 3
1. Neu d~c di~m lam vi~c Cllad~p da; chUng co gi khac bi~t so vo; ~p dAt? Khi thi~t k~ ~p da ta cAnquan tam nhUng vAnd~ gi ngoal nhUng vAnd~ dii neu cr
~pdAt?
2. Cach tinh toan, h,ra chQn kich thuac m~t clit ngang thi~t k~ cua d~p da gi6ng va khac nhau vo; d~p d~t nhUng gi?
3. Neu each Iva chQnda trong thi~t k~ d~p da va cac giai phap d~ lam giam .bi~n d\lllg IUnCllad~p.
3. Thi~t bi thoat nuac, thi~t bi ch6ng thk trong d~p da gi6ng va khac nhau vo; ~p dAtth~ nao? Neu cach chQnC\lth~ 2 IO(lithi~t bi nay cho d~p da d6.
4. Giai phap d~ n6i ti~p d~p vo; n~n,ba va cac c6ng trinh khac Clla~p da gi6ng va khac nhau vm d~p dAtth~ nao?
5. M\lc dich, y nghia va cach tinh toan Cllavi~c tinh th~m qua d~p da gi6ng va khac nhau vo; d~p ~t th~ nao?
6. Neu sv gi6ng va khac nhau gifra d~p da vo; d~p d~t v~ tinh toan 6n dinh, Cuang d(l Cllathan ~p va n~n d~p?
BAI T~PCmJONG 3
Bili 3-1. Dimg phuang phap bien dBi, tinh luu IUQllgthfun dan vi eho ~p nhuhinh ve. o "MNHL B i ~ H"mh3-15. H"mhve bili t~p3-1
Biet: Do =22,00m; D1 = 29,00m; MNTL = 26,SOm;MNHL = 20,5Om; ml = 2,50; m2 = 2,0; B = 5,Om; t =4,5m; Kd = 0,50m/s; K, = 1,50. 1O-7m/s;
Bili 3-2. Dimg phuang phap bien dBi, tinh luu IUQllgthfun dan vi eho d~p nhuhinh ve. "MNHL o Hlnh 3-16. Hlnh ve bilit~p3-2 Biet: Do =22,00m; Dl = 29,00m; MNTL = 26,SOm;MNHL = 20,50m; ml = 2,50; m2 = 2,0; B = 5,Om; t =4,5m; ~ = 0,50m/s; K, = 1,50. 10' 7m/S',
Bili 3-3. Tinh Bn dinh eho wOng nghieng t2 va lOp bao v~ tl eua mQtd~p dli nhu hinh ve.
'8 H
Hlnh 3-17. H"mh ve bili t~p3-3
Bi~t H=6,20rn; rn = 2,50; t1 = 2,50rn, tz= 3,50rn; lap bao v~ c6 Yl = 2,20T/rn3; tubng nghieng c6Yz= 1,75T/rn3.
H~ s6 rna sat giu:atubng nghieng va lap d~rn f= 0,25
Khi tinh cho phep b6 qua ap h,rchi dQngch6ng truqt CIIa kh6i dih da achan tuOng.
Chl1'O'llg4. THIET KE I)~P BE TONG TRQNG LVC
Myc tieu: Trinh bay va giai thich v~: Cach l\lll ch<;m10l;lid~p; cach tiOO toan, l\I'a chc:mcdu tl;locho tUng b(l ph~ va cach tiOOtoan ki~m tra v~ thdm, 6n djnh,hm, cUOngd(l cho d~p be tong trQng l\I'c( tran va khong tran ) va cac b(l ph~.
Nqi dung:
- Nhfrng n(li dung chung v~ thiet ke d~p : Cach chQn 10l;lid~p, ~c di~rn va di~u ki~n lam vi~c cua d~p be tong trQng l\I'c. Cach l\I'a chQn tuyen va b6 tri d~p. Cac n(li dung thiet ke va yeu cAukhi thiet ke d~p be tong trQng l\I'c.
- Thiet ke m(it dt ngang d~p: Thiet ke m(it clit Iy thuyet, rn(it clit th\l'Ccua d~p trim, d~p khong tran.
- Thiet ke cdu tl;lOd~p: Thiet ke khftu di~n va thiet bi tieu nang cua d~p tran; chQnkich thu6c co ban cua cac b(l ph~ cM yeu cua d~p tran, thiet ke ch6ng thdm cho than va n~n d~p.
- TiOOtoan kiern tra di~u ki~n lam vi~c cua d~p: Cach tinh toan kiern tra v~ thdm cho d~p, cach tiOOtoan kiern tra 6n diOOthiin d~p va m(lt s6 b(l ph~ (tuOng ben, tuOng canh); tinh toan kiem tra cUOngcho thiin va n~n d~p.
4.1. KHAI QuAT CHUNG 4.1.1. ChQnd~ng dip
D~p be tong trQng l\I'c (con gQi la d~p trQng l\I'c ) thuOng g(ip la ~p lam bfulg be tong, da xay vita. D~p ddt, d~p da th\l'Cchdt ciing la d~p trQng l\I'c OOung chUng khong duQ'cgQi la d~p trQng l\I'c. Trang chuang triOOcM yeu gi6i thi~u ve d~p trQng I\I'Cbfulg be tong.
D~p be tong trQng l\I'cthuOng co kinh phi dlit han d~p ddt, d~p da; vi~c thi cong doi hoi v~ ky thu~t cao han nen khi chQn 10l;lid~p cful phiin tich ky cac yeu t6 lien quan de co the chQnduQ'c10l;lid~p hqp Iy.
D~p be tong tn;mg l\I'cthuOng g(ipacac cong triOOdiing nu6c khong co di~u tiet nu6c ( khong tI;Iothanh hd chua ) tren song su6i, a cac hd chua rna khong co di~u ki~n lam tran xa Iii ngoai cong triOOdang nu6c ho(ic di~u ki~n lam d~p ddt, d~p da kho, kinh phi dk .. ho(ic khi d~p cao neu lam d~p ddt, d~p da d(l an toan se khong cao.
Hinh (4-1) gi6i thi~u rn(lt s6 dl;lng rn(it dt ngang d~p be tong trQng l\I'c thuOng g(ip.
b) a) c) /// ~: /7777/ / • 77 7 Miii hAt d) I /
Hinh 4-1.M(>t 86 <4ng m~t dt ngang d~p be t6ng tn;mg hEc a) D~p hiM cong, ti<lunang bling dong chay day b) D~p hiM cong co miii h£t