... understanding: An inquiry into human knowledge structures Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum ¢ David E Rumelhart 1984 Understanding understanding In J Flood, editor, Understanding Reading Comprehension, ... annotators by taking the proportions of items marked as anchored by annotator in the whole of the dataset, and assuming that for every word, the person was tossing a coin with P(heads) = , independently ... research direction In addition, analysis techniques discussed in the paper – separating interpretation disagreement from difference in consistency, using statistical hypothesis testing to find reliable...
... daily to every weeks) to confirm HAART eligibility (using clinical and psychosocial readiness guidelines) and to approve initiation of therapy when appropriate The CD4 nurse intervention was defined ... data include basic socio-demographic, clinical, laboratory and pharmacy information for all patients, including the dates of enrollment into the HIV clinic, the dates of all clinical appointments ... the intervention were basic-level nurses with two-years of initial training, and all had attended standardized training on staging HIV-positive patients using CD4 counts and WHO criteria Prior to...
... expression, being induced in LS and repressed in LM (group H) In addition to the 108 genes more abundantly transcribed in ES (group B), 22 were also expressed in EM (group G), while were abundant in ES ... transduction and hormone target genes Panel A The heat map was produced by considering the genesinvolvedin the signal transduction (ST) for auxin (AUX), cytokinin (CK), gibberellic acid (GA), ... related to early embryo development, being expressed in the endosperm and secreted in the apoplast, thus positively regulating embryo fate and patterning [17] It is interesting to note that in cv...
... start with training a model using a baseline set of features, and then add each remaining feature individually, recording the gain (w.r.t the fmeasure (f (0.5), to be precise)), and choosing the best-performing ... ranks pairs, leaving open the possibility of excluding a supposed fragment by using contextual information Lastly, we are planning to integrate our classifier into a processing pipeline after the ... the baseline (verb in β yes/no, and length of β) already has some success in identifying fragments, but adding the remaining features still boosts the performance Having available the string (condition...
... noted in the muscle of cachectic cardiac failure patients [35] Network analysis using Ingenuity [30] revealed several interactions that involve the 83 WL genes, including a calmodulin kinase ... receptors, which may be involvedin regulating skeletal muscle mass It should be noted that despite using a back-ground gene expression file in Ingenuity [30] for genes only detected as being ... exercise training status The top 20 most regulated genes by (a) eccentric muscle damage, (b) muscle obtained from intensive care unit patients and (c) in response to exercise training were obtained...
... identity to a myo-inositol phosphate synthase (MIPS protein, isomerase involvedin inositol metabolism) [IUBMB enzyme nomenclature: EC 5.5.1.4.] was down-regulated in chilling and salinity Inositol ... expression of 150 genesin response to wounding and insect feeding was carried out [58], finding that some of the responding genes, for which the inducing stimulus was unclear in these processes, ... high salinity and cold [9-12] Transcriptome analysis using microarrays have proven to be a powerful tool for discovery of many stressed-induced genesinvolvedin stress response and tolerance...
... ethanol-induced mucosal injury in the upper gastrointestinal tract leading to increase in the permeability of the gut mucosa to endotoxins [43, 44] These factors are involvedin ethanol-induced ... chromatin templates Interestingly, HMGN3 has been found to be associated with resistance against anticancer drugs including vinblastine, topotecan, paclitaxel and doxorubincin in human hepatocellular ... of bacterial toxins induced by ethanol? Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2005;29:166S-71S 44 Fukui H Relation of endotoxin, endotoxin binding proteins and macrophages to severe alcoholic liver injury and multiple...
... [14] was followed DNA sequencing was made by the dideoxy-chain termination method [25] using the Amplitaq dye-terminator sequencing system (Perkin Elmer) on an automated DNA sequencer (Applied ... in the producing strains were not available Thus, complementation of Streptomyces galilaeus mutants blocked in anthracyclines production has led to the study of genes implicated in nogalamycin ... sequencing with chain-terminating inhibitors Biotechnology 24, 104–108 26 Sambrook, K.J., Fritsch, E.F & Maniatis, T (1989) Molecular Cloning A Laboratory Manual, 2nd edn Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory...
... binding factors and the sequence of the target mRNA [35] Another amino acid sensing mechanism involves mTORC1 Therefore, it is tempting to speculate that the mTORC1 pathway could be involvedin ... regulated in wild-type cells For example, the genesinvolvedin amino acid metabolism were not regulated by amino acid starvation in GCN2) ⁄ ) cells, whereas enrichment for the genesinvolvedin cholesterol ... Further investigations are necessary to determine the relevance of the amino acid regulation of the genesinvolvedin carbohydrate and lipid metabolism In particular, the regulatory role of amino...
... 2008 Using automatically labelled examples to classify rhetorical relations: An assessment Natural Language Engineering, 14:369–416 B Wellner and J Pustejovsky 2007 Automatically identifying the ... described in the previous section Here we report results using a maximum entropy classifier2 using ten-fold cross-validation over sections 2-22 The results are shown in Table Using the string of ... high baseline, with an f-score of 75.33% and an accuracy of 85.86% Interestingly, using only the syntactic features, ignoring the identity of the connective, is even better, resulting in an f-score...
... sets, that is, the set of genesinvolvedin a cyclic process and the set of noncycle -involved genes recognized in biological experiments The cycle -involved genes are used to initialize the proposed ... proteins or are involvedin ribosome biogenesis It has been verified that ribosome biogenesis consumes up to 80% of proliferating energy, and it is linked to cell cycle in metazoan cells However, in ... protein encoding genes, in which CCW12 was not included at that time, more than half of them were verified to be cell-cycle regulated In other words, cell wall proteins are highly likely to be involved...
... calcium-binding protein A1 (S100A1) NM_006271 8.84 NA Sushi-repeat-containing protein X chromosome (SRPX) NM_006307 3.47 NA Cytokine receptor-like factor (CRLF1) NM_004750 3.31 NA Cartilage linking ... using rVista This tool identifies conserved transcription factor binding sites in sequences based on homologies of such sites between different species, and in these genes it identified binding ... Signaling pathways recruited by the cardiotrophin-like cytokine/cytokine-like factor-1 composite cytokine: specific requirement of the membrane-bound form of ciliary neurotrophic factor receptor...
... of SA and induction of JA defense genes; yellow boxes, genesinvolvedin JA biosynthesis; light blue boxes, genesinvolvedin ET biosynthesis; pink boxes, genesinvolvedin ET signaling van Verk ... clusters was determined using the MCODE algorithm within Cytoscape for PCC cutoffs from 0.5 to 0.9 at 0.01 intervals using the following settings: loops not included, degree cutoff = 2, Haircut ... genesinvolvedin root development [22], genesinvolvedin mitochondrial functions [23], clusters of genesinvolvedin primary and secondary cell wall formation [24], Myb transcription factors...
... domain containing protein 19); transcription factor ANAC012/NST3/SND1 (ARABIDOPSIS NAC DOMAIN CONTAINING PROTEIN 12); transcription factor Zinc finger (C3HC4-type RING finger) family protein RAP2.6L ... (related to AP2 6L); DNA binding / transcription factor CTL2 (Chitinase -like protein 2) Protein kinase family protein IQD10 (IQ-domain 10); calmodulin binding RIC2 (ROP-INTERACTIVE CRIB MOTIF-CONTAINING ... protein FLA13 (FASCICLIN-LIKE ARABINOGALACTAN PROTEIN 13 PRECURSOR) Glycine-rich protein GLP10 (GERMIN-LIKE PROTEIN 10); manganese ion binding / metal ion binding / nutrient reservoir AGP4 (ARABINOGALACTAN-PROTEIN...
... factors activate Cold Responsive (COR) genes through binding to cis-elements in the promoters of COR genes under cold stress in Arabidopsis [12] More than 70 proteins encoded by COR genes are involved ... of all cold-induced Cbf genes at the frost tolerance locus Fr-H2 in barley are significantly higher in lines harbouring the vrn1 winter allele than in lines harbouring the Vrn1 spring allele [19] ... (64%) in ScCbf11 to 198 (98%) in ScVrn1 Missing amplification products in individual lines were most likely the result of SNPs/Indels in the primer binding sites However, absence of some Cbf genes...
... containing genes of interest involvedin conifer defence First, many conifer defence genes exist as closely related members of large families For example, genes encoding the oleoresin producing ... future transcription factor binding site analysis In addition, several cis-acting elements previously identified in other plant species to be involvedin responses to giberellin (GARE, TAACAGA; Pbox; ... TGACG, cis-acting regulatory element involvedin the MeJA-responsiveness (Hordeum vulgare) LIM, AF326518; PIN, AF326517; roman numbers in part C indicate conserved exons in 3CAR, LIM and PIN; the scale...
... acid, and camptothecin levels in Camptotheca acuminata seedlings Physiol Plant 1999, 105:402-408 27 Liu Z: Drought-induced in vivo synthesis of camptothecin in Camptotheca acuminata seedlings Physiol ... and camptothecin levels in Camptotheca acuminata seedlings Physiol Plant 1999, 105:402-408 Page 10 of 10 35 Lorence A, Nessler CL: Camptothecin, over four decades of surprising findings Phytochemistry ... anti-tumor alkaloid camptothecin in Camptotheca acuminata Planta Med 1994, 60:558-560 12 Liu Z, Adams J: Camptothecin yield and distribution within Camptotheca acuminata trees cultivated in Louisiana Can...
... [NM_145837] interleukin beta [NM_008361] interleukin 11 receptor, alpha chain [NM_010549] interleukin receptor, beta chain [NM_008368] interleukin 12b [NM_008352] interleukin receptor [NM_008372] interleukin ... tissue invasion capacities, differentially expressed genes were grouped into trafficking related clusters such as integrins, Mmps, chemokine and chemokine receptors, and interleukins and interleukin ... chemokines and chemokine receptors, as well as interleukins and interleukin receptors (Table 1) In order to visualize the results, volcano plots were created with depicted genes belonging to each...
... candidate genes Bold lines indicates direct link, dotted lines indicate indirect link Grey nodes indicate input genes into the pathway analysis and the different symbols indicate gene functions ... validation of mRNA expression using qRT-PCR in the training set The 51 shortlisted genes progressed to technical validation by qRT-PCR in the training set For 29 genes the direction of mean expression ... could be involvedin emphysema severity These genes have been technically and biologically validated in in-house training and independent datasets respectively In addition, candidate genes also...
... selected genes that were validated by RT-PCR in mediating V2O5-induced inflammation, repair, and fibrosis are illustrated in Fig A variety of genes encoding cytokines and chemokines were induced ... Cyclin-Dependent Kinase lnhbitior-1B (Kip1) Cyclin-Dependent Kinase lnhibitor-1C (Kip2) Cyclin-Dependent Kinase lnhibitor-2C Cyclin-Dependent Kinase-9 Cyclin-Dependent Kinase-7 Cyclin G2 Nuclear ... Category Genes %c P value response to external stimulus chemotaxis response to wounding response to chemical stimulus response to stress cell motility RNA processing RNA splicing inflammatory response...