unsupervised learning of arabic stemming

... Proceedings of the 40th Annual Meeting of the As- sociation for Computational Linguistics (ACL), pages 255–262, July. John Goldsmith. 2001. Unsupervised learning of the morphology of a natural ... Evaluation : Arabic Information Retrieval Task Description: Given a set of Arabic documents and an Arabic query, find a list of documents relevant to the query, and rank them by probability of relevance. We ... multilingual text analysis tools via ro- bust projection across aligned corpora. Unsupervised Learning of Arabic Stemming using a Parallel Corpus Monica Rogati † Computer Science Department, Carnegie...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 04:22

... candidates. Of the 740 cloze tests, 714 of the removed events were present in their respective list of guesses. This is encouraging as only 3.5% of the events are unseen (or do not meet cutoff thresholds). When ... thus a tuple of the event and the typed dependency of the protagonist: (event, depen- dency). A narrative chain is a set of narrative events {e 1 , e 2 , , e n }, where n is the size of the chain, ... specifically on learning narratives 1 , our work draws from two lines of research in summarization and anaphora resolu- tion. In summarization, topic signatures are a set of terms indicative of a topic...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 17:20

... ML-SSS. 4.2 Unsupervised Learning of Sub-word Units We used about 30 minutes of phonetically tran- scribed Japanese speech from one speaker 6 provided by Maekawa (2003) for our unsupervised learning experiments. ... differ- ent learning setups are tabulated. We also see how as little as 5 minutes of speech is adequate for learning the acoustic units. 2 An Improved and Fast SSS Algorithm The improvement of the ... that the original application of SSS was for learning Figure 1: Modified four-way split of a state s. 2. For each HMM state s, compute the gain in log- likelihood (LL) of the speech by either a con- textual...

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Ngày tải lên: 31/03/2014, 00:20

... of EM contain valuable information about the incor- rect biases of these models. However, EM is chang- ing hundreds of thousands of parameters at once in a non-trivial way, so we need a way of ... take a step back and present a more statistical view of unsupervised learning in the context of grammar induction. We identify four types of error that a system can make: approxima- tion, identifiability, ... face of label symmetry and ran experiments exploring the effectiveness of EM as a function of the amount of data. Finally, we hope that setting up the general framework to understand the errors of...

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... the theories of second language learning: definitions of language acquisition and theoretical background of language learning factors in specific such as intelligence, personality, learning strategies, ... well as environment and context of learning. 2.2. Definitions of language acquisition “Language acquisition is one of the most impressive and fascinating aspects of human development” (Lightbown, ... process of the first language learning can be better understood if the social dimension is included. Social factors have even more importance in the case of second language learning because of the...

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Ngày tải lên: 07/09/2013, 13:00

... x. By relating the sum of the scores of all possible trees to counting the number of spanning trees in a graph, it can be shown that Z x is the determinant of the Kirchoff matrix K, which is ... marginal probability of a particular edge k → i (i.e. y i =k), the score of any edge k  → i such that k  = k is set to 0. The determinant of the resulting modi- fied Kirchoff matrix K k→i is then the sum of ... of constraints accuracy attach right baseline DMV EM DMV CE CRF restricted GE CRF GE CRF GE human Figure 2: Comparison of GE training of the re- stricted and full CRFs with unsupervised learning...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 07:20

... sequence of Colloc(ations), each of which consists of a sequence of Words. sible for an adaptor grammar to generate a sentence as a sequence of collocations, each of which con- sists of a sequence of ... expands to each of the 50 dis- tinct phonemes present in the Brent corpus. This grammar defines a Sentence to consist of a sequence of Words, where a Word consists of a sequence of Phonemes. The ... Johnson. 2005. Repre- sentational bias in unsupervised learning of syllable structure. In Proceedings of the Ninth Conference on Computational Natural Language Learning (CoNLL- 2005), pages 112–119,...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 09:20

... tractable amount of time, since according to the Markov as- 2 Often these are more complicated than picking informative features as proposed in this paper. One example of the kind of operator used ... same method as HK06, the first 33 of which are also shown in Table 1. We use the same tokenization of the dataset as HK06, and training/test /unsupervised sets of 100 instances each. This data ... Semi-Supervised Learning of Conditional Random Fields Gideon S. Mann Google Inc. 76 Ninth Avenue New York, NY 10011 Andrew McCallum Department of Computer Science University of Massachusetts 140...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 09:20

... always an easy task and often requires the use of a morphological analyzer. One common example in Arabic nouns is Broken Plurals. For example, one of the plu- ral forms of the Arabic word kAtb ‘writer’ is ... Inflections: Some of the inflec- tional features in Arabic words are realized tem- platically by applying a different pattern to the Arabic root. As a result, extracting the lexeme (or lemma) of an Arabic ... Section 3. D1 splits off the class of conjunction clitics (w+ and f+). D2 is the same as D1 plus splitting off the class of particles (l+, k+, b+ and s+). Finally D3 splits off what D2 does in...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 11:21