em learning of frame semantics

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 04:20

... hypotheses of latent vectors for the definition of bank#n#1 2 Learning Latent Semantics of Definitions 2.1 Intuition Given only a few observed words in a definition, there are many hypotheses of latent ... modeling latent semantics of senses by exploiting missing words. jcn+elesk vs jcn+wmfvec: jcn+elesk is a very ma- ture WSD system that takes advantage of the great performance of jcn on noun-noun ... will share the same latent semantics profile, as long as they are in the same topic/domain. To solve the sparsity issue we use missing words as negative evidence of latent semantics, as in (Guo and...

Ngày tải lên: 19/02/2014, 19:20

... the theories of second language learning: definitions of language acquisition and theoretical background of language learning factors in specific such as intelligence, personality, learning strategies, ... meaning of a new language item). Metacognitive strategies: involve planning for learning, thinking about learning and how to make it effective, self-monitoring during learning and evaluation of ... interview. 3.2. Context of the study 3.2.1. Aiming The main purpose of carrying out this study is to investigate the present situation of teaching and learning English in grade 6 at a remote mountainous...

Ngày tải lên: 07/11/2012, 15:04

Ngày tải lên: 07/09/2013, 13:00

... site increasing the number of VCs to a total of n*(n-1)/2 where n = number of sites. That increase in the number of VCs required also greatly increases the complexity of the network and the routing ... this means that each end system in a VPN has a unique address, so no two sites in the same VPN share the same address space. ATM and Frame- Relay have no problem implementing these features, as ... Requirements of a Secure Network When comparing MPLS-VPN based solutions to traditional layer 2 based VPN solutions such as Frame- Relay and ATM, several key security requirements need...

Ngày tải lên: 21/12/2013, 19:15

... x. By relating the sum of the scores of all possible trees to counting the number of spanning trees in a graph, it can be shown that Z x is the determinant of the Kirchoff matrix K, which is ... marginal probability of a particular edge k → i (i.e. y i =k), the score of any edge k  → i such that k  = k is set to 0. The determinant of the resulting modi- fied Kirchoff matrix K k→i is then the sum of ... Semi-supervised learning for semantic parsing using support vector machines. In HLT-NAACL (Short Papers). D. Klein and C. Manning. 2004. Corpus-based induction of syntactic structure: Models of...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 07:20

... clusters. In EMNLP. Y. Grandvalet and Y. Bengio. 2004. Semi-supervised learning by entropy minimization. In NIPS. T. Grenager, D. Klein, and C. Manning. 2005. Unsuper- vised learning of field segmentation ... Criteria for Semi-Supervised Learning of Conditional Random Fields Gideon S. Mann Google Inc. 76 Ninth Avenue New York, NY 10011 Andrew McCallum Department of Computer Science University of Massachusetts 140 ... 73.0% 74.6% 77.2% 80.5% Table 4: Accuracy of semi-supervised learning methods comparing the effects of (1) a heuristic for setting con- ditional distributions of labels given features and (2) es- timating...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 09:20

... ex- amples of the previous section. From the point of view of bag -of- word methods, the pairs (T 1 , H 1 ) and (T 1 , H 2 ) have both the same intra-pair simi- larity since the sentences of T 1 and ... data sets of the RTE 2005 challenge show an improvement of 4.4% over the state -of- the-art methods. 1 Introduction Recently, textual entailment recognition has been receiving a lot of attention. ... t, the set of its nodes N (t), and a set of anchors, we build a tree t  with all the nodes N  that are anchors or ancestors of any anchor. Moreover, we add to t  the leaf nodes of the original...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 12:20

... algorithm to perform WSD on a set of polysemous English words. They report an accu- racy of 74%. One of the most active researchers in identify- ing cognates between pairs of languages is Kondrak ... Studies of Intelligence, pp.44- 59. Grzegorz Kondrak. 2001. Identifying Cognates by Phonetic and Semantic Similarity. Proceedings of NAACL 2001: 2nd Meeting of the North American Chapter of the ... likelihood of re- latedness. No semantic component is present in the system, the words are assumed to be already matched by their meanings. Hewson (1993), Lowe and Mazadon (1994) used systematic...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 12:20

... item’s most frequent meaning. A qualitative analysis of the experiment described above suggests that about 30% of the disagreements can confidently be attributed to disagreement about the semantics ... the lexical semantics of the individual con- situents. It seems intuitive that other kinds of corpus information would be useful; in particular, contexts in which the head and modifier of a compound ... many semantic rela- tions. 1 Girju et al. (2005) and Nastase and Szpakow- icz (2003) both present large inventories of seman- 1 The interpretation of prepositions is itself the focus of a Semeval...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 12:20

... benefits for parsing of more principled approaches to ap- proximate learning and inference techniques such as the learning as search optimization framework of (Daum´e and Marcu, 2005). This framework will ... graph. Theorem: There is a 3D matching iff the second-order MST has a score of m. Proof: First we observe that no tr ee can have a score greater than m since that would require more than m pairs of edges ... other hand, if there is a 3DM, then there must be a tree of weight m consisting of second-order edges (x i , y j , z k ) for each element of the matching S. Since no tree can have a weight greater...

Ngày tải lên: 22/02/2014, 02:20

... each sub-task type of the in-car system. 121 An ISU Dialogue System Exhibiting Reinforcement Learning of Dialogue Policies: Generic Slot-filling in the TALK In-car System Oliver Lemon, Kallirroi ... Henderson School of Informatics University of Edinburgh olemon@inf.ed.ac.uk Matthew Stuttle Dept. of Engineering University of Cambridge mns25@cam.ac.uk Abstract We demonstrate a multimodal dialogue system using ... support. 1.1 A System Exhibiting Reinforcement Learning The central motivation for building this d ialogue sys- tem is as a platform for Rein forcement Learning (RL) experiments. The system exhibits...

Ngày tải lên: 22/02/2014, 02:20

... and Riloff learn these networks from two topic-specific texts and apply them to the problem of anaphora resolution. Our work can be seen as an attempt to generalize the in- tuition of caseframes ... implied by rules of transitivity are removed. Figure 6 is remarkably ac- curate, and figure 7 addresses one of the chains from our introduction, the employment narrative. The core employment events ... candidates. Of the 740 cloze tests, 714 of the removed events were present in their respective list of guesses. This is encouraging as only 3.5% of the events are unseen (or do not meet cutoff thresholds). When...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 17:20

... understudied in the field of corpus-based learning of semantic relations. Machine learning methods have been previously applied to deter- mine semantic relations such as is-a and part -of, also succession, ... features. 2. Ensemble Learning and Ranking Each of the five classifiers is applied to each sentence from an unlabeled corpus. The predictions of the classifiers are combined using ensem- ble learning techniques ... 0.21). The low agreement shows the difficulty of decision in the annotation of fine-grained semantic relations. 2 While the first gold standard dataset of verb pairs was annotated out of context, we...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 22:20

... database of annotated exemplar frames, their relations to other frames and obligatory as well as optional frame elements for each frame. FrameNet currently numbers approxi- mately 1000 different frames ... and seemed not to be floating past, but re- treating into the very depths of the azure. In front of the open window of a handsome house, in one of the outlying streets of O * * * the capital of a ... occurring semantic frames. Frequent Words and Frames (FWaF): The X/2 most frequent features; words and frames resp. combined to a single feature vector of size X. In order to gauge the impact of translation...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 22:20

... im- provement in the efficacy of the SSS algorithm as described in Section 2. It is based on observing that the improvement in the goodness of fit by up to two consecutive splits of any of the current HMM states ... see how as little as 5 minutes of speech is adequate for learning the acoustic units. 2 An Improved and Fast SSS Algorithm The improvement of the SSS algorithm of Takami and Sagayama (1992), ... application of SSS was for learning Figure 1: Modified four-way split of a state s. 2. For each HMM state s, compute the gain in log- likelihood (LL) of the speech by either a con- textual or a temporal...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 01:20

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 04:22

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 21:20