... result
from the modifications inthe interactions between the
catalytic glutamates andthe residues R97 and Y331,
indicating that these residues play a roleinthe modulation
of the Sfbgly50 pH optimum.
Sequence ... m
M
Bicine buffer 7.0–8.5). The
pH stability of Sfbgly50 was checked by incubation in the
same buffers for a time equal to the assay time and then
determining the activity remaining at the optimum ... [10,12].
Nevertheless, it is not possible to assume that the same is
occurring inthe mutant R97M, because there is no data on
the interactions between the substrate andthe arginine
residue.
Finally, another...
... by the amount of internalized agonist
[20]. As the internalization is expressed in percentage
of total binding, decreasing the binding affinity of the
Roleof helix 8 and C-termini in bradykinin ... 2004 FEBS
The roleof helix 8 andofthe cytosolic C-termini in
the internalization and signal transduction of B
1
and B
2
bradykinin receptors
Alexander Faussner
1
, Alexandra Bauer
1
, Irina Kalatskaya
1
, ... addition of scintillation fluid. Nonspecific binding
was determined inthe presence of 5 lm unlabeled agonist
and subtracted from the total binding to calculate the spe-
cific binding.
Internalization of...
... of GSK3 (using Li or SB-415286)
appears to be sufficient for inducing activation of GS in
muscle and fat cells, and that inhibition ofthe kinase
potentiates insulin action in muscle of insulin-resistant ... increases in glucose uptake and glycogen synthesis
allowing for more effective ÔchannellingÕ of glucose into
glycogen in response to insulin. However, one of the
potential difficulties in interpreting ... phosphatidylinositol
3-kinase, p70, S6 kinase and glycogen synthase kinase-3 activity in
L6 muscle cells: evidence for the involvement ofthe mammalian
target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway in the
L
-leucine-induced
up-regulation...
... phenylalanine was therefore
mutated to Ala, Leu, Trp or Tyr. These mutations may
in uence the shape and volume ofthe acyl binding pocket
and thereby alter the binding mode and affinity of the
enzyme ... PAA and derivatives thereof, while maintaining
the hydrophobicity ofthe binding site.
To test the effect ofthe mutations on the specificity for
phenylacetylated substrates, the steady-state kinetic ... k
cat
represents
the rate of acylation and K
m
equals the binding constant of
the substrate to the free enzyme. The results then indicate
Ó FEBS 2002 Roleof active-site phenylalanines in penicillin acylase...
... unsure ofthe mechanism
of DNA-induced stabilization ofthe protein, and whe-
ther it is related to the normal RNA-binding function
of coat protein, as RNA binding had no effect.
The increased ... understood, and we have investigated these
questions in this work. We sought to determine the
roleof protein–RNA and protein–protein interactions
in virus stability, measuring the effects of urea,
GdnHCl ... against all the forms of denatura-
tion we tested. This is consistent with the observation
of increased stability ofthe single-chain version of the
wild-type dimer [30] and is reminiscent of the...
... visualized the mineralizing
cells with 2% Alizarin Red. After rinsing in distilled
water and air drying the samples, we mounted the cov-
erslips on microscope slides using Fluoromount and
examined and ... result in loss of
ambulation or limb. Here we describe the sequential roles of FGF-2 in inducing gene expression, cell growth and
BMP-2 in gene expression and mineralization of bone.
Materials and ... BMP-2, the yin and yang of mineralization:
Contrast of effect of 24 hours of treatment with FGF-2 or BMP-
2 on fold increase in abundance of mineralization-related gene
expression. Mineralizing...
... Li
4
Abstract
Introduction: The difficulty in re-growing and mineralizing new bone after severe fracture can result in loss of
ambulation or limb. Here we describe the sequential roles of FGF-2 in inducing ... visualized the mineralizing
cells with 2% Alizarin Red. After rinsing in distilled
water and air drying the samples, we mounted the cov-
erslips on microscope slides using Fluoromount and
examined and ... BMP-2, the yin and yang of mineralization:
Contrast of effect of 24 hours of treatment with FGF-2 or BMP-
2 on fold increase in abundance of mineralization-related gene
expression. Mineralizing...
...
rationale for the use of taxol in DC immunotherapy and
insights into the development of combinational DC
therapies with other anticancer drugs that do not harm the
viability or activity of DCs.
Acknowledgments
... cells, producing major
cytokines involved in immune responses. Importantly,
taxol increased the expression ofthe anti-apoptotic protein
Bcl-xL, and increased the mobilization of p65 subunit ... jooh@jejunu.ac.kr
The roleof Bcl-xL and nuclear factor-
κ
B inthe effect of taxol on the
viability of dendritic cells
Mi-Hyoung Kim
1
, Hong-Gu Joo
1,2,
*
1
Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, College of...