the interactive poster session use of species sensitivity distributions in ecotoxicology

... valid in the case of HCS, but not in the case of HC5 In his derivation Kooijman (1987) at a certain point neglects the in uence of sampling error in the mean and continues by taking only sampling ... overview and evaluation of the use of SSDs in current ecotoxicology, taking into account the importance of the other sources of variation 1.2 VARIABILITY AND SPECIES SENSITIVITY Living organisms constitute ... Warren-Hicks) originated independently; both were based on the use of SSDs for standard setting in the United States and Europe However, each was aware of the other’s interest in the use of SSDs, and,...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 10:22

... With FAγ, the γth percentile of the posterior PDF of the FA, and HCp γ the (1 – γ)th percentile of the hazardous concentration for p% of the species, the Bayesian version of the law of extrapolation ... may be interpreted as the uncertainty regarding the outcome of a random drawing Second, in assessing the uncertainty of the SSD model through Bayesian statistics (while still assuming that the data ... on one of these events, the exposure of a species above its no-effect level There are two approaches in the theory, one arguing forward from concentrations to risks, the other arguing inversely...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 10:22

... purposes they are used The information may thus be useful for interested parties in other countries in developing their own ERLs, by adoption of one or more of the methodologies, or by providing insight ... concerning the sensitivities of species to a variety of pollutants These same factors were used in the second version of the guidelines (U.S EPA, 1979), where they were called species sensitivity ... use them effectively for granting permits In the following sections the starting points for each of the ERLs will be briefly described Each of the ERLs relates to a single substance, unless otherwise...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 10:22

... of uncertainty are included in the calculation 21.2.3 CENSORING AND TRUNCATION Because of the symmetry of most of the distribution functions used in SSDs, asymmetries in the data can affect the ... study of the effects of pesticide runoff into estuaries could not determine the accuracy of the PAFs, because uncertainties concerning episodic exposures in these complex systems dominated the ... risk assessment depends on the endpoints of the assessment as well as the use of the SSDs in the inferential process Assessment endpoints are the operational definition of the environmental values...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 10:22

... Experienced Either The left column contains opinions of users with blog-making experience The middle column contains opinions of inexperienced users The right column shows opinions regardless of the experience ... and of the root node of the inserted tree are unified, and (ii) the bot feature structures of the inner node receiving the adjunction and of the foot node of the inserted tree are unified At the ... understand the nature of the table The information includes the frequency of the pattern in the retrieved documents and in the entire corpus, and the pattern’s score guage technologies to improve the...

Ngày tải lên: 22/10/2014, 11:34

... 1.3 Kinh nghiệm chiến lược Marketing du lịch nước 12 1.3.1 Chương trình chiến lược Marketing du lịch đại 12 1.3.2 Kinh nghiệm thực chiến lược Marketing du lịch nước 13 1.3.2.1 Marketing ... xãy tương lai 1.3.2 Kinh nghiệm thực chiến lược Marketing du lịch nước: Tư tưởng Marketing giới phát triển theo ba xu hướng chính: Xu hướng Mỹ: Chú trọng phát triển Marketing theo hướng nghiên cứu ... TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC KINH TẾ THÀNH PHỐ HỒ CHI MINH LÊ MẠNH HÀ Cao học kinh tế K.14 - Dalat ĐỊNH HƯỚNG CHIẾN LƯỢC MARKETING DU LỊCH DALAT - LÂM ĐỒNG ĐẾN NĂM 2020 Chuyên ngành : Quản trị kinh doanh Mã số...

Ngày tải lên: 08/04/2013, 17:02

... meaning that assuming the null hypothesis (NH) is true, the observed difference is likely to occur by chance 5% of the time The chance of inaccurately accepting a positive finding (rejecting the ... confounding factors for the entire sample at the beginning of the study If that entire sample is analyzed at the end of the study, there should be no confounding bias However, if some of that ... extent the kinds of participants in whom an intervention was evaluated, a leap of faith is always required when applying any study findings to the population with the condition In taking this...

Ngày tải lên: 01/11/2013, 11:20

... make the percentage of errors increase In terms of error causes, the following findings have been obtained: - Most of errors collected belong to intralingual category and there are three main causes ... researchers in teaching and designing syllabuses In the first place, one of the functions of EA is to identify the causes of the learner 's errors which are very useful for teaching and learning languages ... school students in the use of subject- verb agreement in English writing Aims of the study The study reported in this thesis aims to: - Identify the errors in using SVA in English writing made by...

Ngày tải lên: 18/12/2013, 10:04

Ngày tải lên: 13/02/2014, 12:20

... described in the sentence Second, it causes the filling of empty slots appearing in either the enabled act or In the enabling act, wherever one left a slot unspecified, and the other had that ... i s f i n d s the contents o f the bottle mentioned in the first clause of the sentence Thls expectation was set up by a demon called the CONTENTS-FINDER when the description of the open bottle, ... a~alnst the INGEST in the same way the ATRANS was When this match fails, no further forward inferences are ~enerated, since possession of water can lead to a wide ran~ e of new actions, no one of...

Ngày tải lên: 21/02/2014, 20:20

... capable of modeling the morphology of the toba, would not work effectively The effectiveness of a grammar is a measure of their productivity (Heintz, 1991) Taking into account the productivity of ... From the point of view of the morphologic typology it presents characteristics of a polysynthetic agglutinative language In this language the verb is the morphologically more complex wordclass The ... prefixes In the next example the suffixation of the reflexive (−l at) forces the use of the active person with prefixes of the voice medium class because the agent is affected by the action Example (a)...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 22:20

... assessment relying on the information involved in the statistics 2.2.3 The role the innovation of management accounting Nowadays, modern corporations manage and maintain their prosperity in the intensive ... progress in risk management  Ongoing operating network expansion to meet the demands of everincreasing customer numbers In 2010, Techcombank continued reinforcing and investing in non-financial innovations, ... management accounting innovations in business of the surveyed staff in making decisions  Question 12 inquiry the difficulties when applying management accounting innovations In section III, there are...

Ngày tải lên: 13/03/2014, 14:20

... window, door, or thin wall – window, in which the grenade detonates after it has passed the aiming point, whether that be a window or door frame or corner of a building It is mainly the combination ... interested in limiting the access of terrorists to advanced weapons can learn where to focus their efforts Overall, these efforts should in uence terrorist decisionmaking, deterring their use of ... Stealing the Sword: Limiting Terrorist Use of Advanced Conventional Weapons in scope of the Wassenaar Arrangement.2 The United States has also started a pilot program within the Department of Homeland...

Ngày tải lên: 15/03/2014, 20:20

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 05:23

... flowsheet of a brewing process In brewing the thermal energy requirement is largely determined by the brew house In the brewhouse mashing, wort ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT preheating and wort boiling constitute ... behaviour and integration possibilities into the existing energy system were key parameters influencing the choice between either one of them The characteristic of breweries having spent grains as a ... example of such an intelligent “energy swing” is the use of the hot brewing water for preheating the wort and the consequent use as brew water Practical networks deviate from theoretic design because...

Ngày tải lên: 24/03/2014, 04:20

... purposes The exterior of the cabinet is made of galvanized metal or aluminium The recommended internal lining is stainless steel The doors of the cabinet are usually of the same construction as the ... if they remain viable: that is, if they retain the same properties as they have during their normal circulation in the body The most important substances in maintaining the viability of red cells ... that there is more insulation in the cabinet of a freezer, allowing the maintenance of the lower temperatures necessary There is a difference in the evaporator arrangement that results in the...

Ngày tải lên: 31/03/2014, 12:20

... applicability of Neuber's rule in the local strain approach The layout of the thesis is as follows Chapter contains a review of research regarding the prediction of fatigue crack initiation, includinp ... to initial overioads applied to the smooth specimens used to generate the strain-life curve The rationale behind the use of prestrained data in spectrum loading is to take into account the influence ... arbitrarily defined by the user The definition of fatigue crack initiation therefore varies in the literature For instance, it is defined as the number of cycles to grow a crack 2-3 mm long in (SAE,...

Ngày tải lên: 24/05/2014, 20:30

... protein expression in the vertebrae was significantly increased in the OVX group compared to all other groups If we use the RANKL protein expression in the OVX group as baseline level of 100%, the ... blue; the 8-μm sections were mounted without staining for measuring the bone growth rate using the cacein labeling; the bone mineral apposition rate was demonstrated by the distance of the two ... reduced the RANKL protein expression to 60% of baseline level; ALN treatment further reduced the RANKL protein expression to 40% of the baseline level; the RANKL protein expression in the OPG-Fc+ALN...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 04:20