the foundations of digital imaging

... point of interest to the sample point i ; and the power p controls the significance of sample points to the interpolated values, based on their distance to the output point The higher the power, the ... Compute RMSE of DEM Fig The workflow for assessing the influence of interpolation technique on the accuracy of DEM by using ArcGIS software 2.2 The workflow The assessment of influence of interpolation ... weight, the smoother the output surface For the tension spline, the higher the weight, the coarser the output surface More detailed information about the spline interpolation can be found in [6] - The...

Ngày tải lên: 05/03/2014, 16:20

... for the Kirkwood Gaps of the asteroid belt The ring system of Saturn is still far from understood The theory of the motion of the moon may give us clues as to the origin of the moon, but the ... field The direction of the gradient points in the direction of maximum increase of the dot-density, while the magnitude of the vector indicates the rate of change of that density What the components ... the scalar case The nine elements of the vector gradient can be viewed as three vectors denoting the direction of the maximum rate of change of each of the components of the original vector The...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 13:33

... = |ai | Then, just as Shannon’s noiseless coding theorem introduces the concept of the bit as a measure of information, the quantum noiseless coding theorem introduces the concept of the qubit ... the amount of information that the occurrence of yj carries about the the occurrence (or obtaining) of xi is given by the surprise information of xi , minus the uncertainty (as quantified by the ... information theory The technical concepts of these other flavours I mention merely to set to one side5 With information in the everyday sense, a characteristic use of the term is in phrases of the form:...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 14:42

... some of the basic IdM processes The range of conceptions of identity is very broad The examination of the following concepts is for the purposes of this Primer only and recognises that they may ... potential benefits of its use, including across domains to deliver joined-up services over the Internet The scope of the Primer is limited to the management of the digital identities of individuals, ... “authenticates” him or herself by providing the credential issued during the enrolment process The authentication process provides a level of assurance as to whether the other party is who they...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 23:21

... machinery, save the primitive potter’s wheel, is used at the Rookwood plant in the actual work of manufacture From the mixing of the clay to the withdrawal of the completed piece of ware from the kiln, ... N.Y., near the St Lawrence River, is one of the latest and largest of the hydraulic electric power plants, which are one of the most significant features in engineering at the close of the nineteenth ... unprecedented numbers It was the of the planter merchant class split with of civil rights Furthermore, the economic crisis of start of a golden age of grass-roots democ- their more conservative colleagues...

Ngày tải lên: 12/05/2014, 16:06

... covers the creation dates of your images You can this in two ways Either click the Year, Month, or Day icons on the bottom of the Date View window and scroll by using the arrows at the top of the ... will be there The former method is the easier of the two Where the images go when you download them? As I said earlier, the Organizer doesn’t bring in the actual file but creates a link to the file ... slider found at the bottom right of the Organizer (again, see Figure 1.11) Move the slider to the left and the thumbs are shrunk, to the right and they are enlarged Obviously, the larger the thumbnails...

Ngày tải lên: 04/06/2014, 11:33

... texts The relationship of color sampling to the concepts of sampling in the spatial domain is important in the design of digital color imaging systems and in the simulation of any color imaging ... just the difference in color values of pixels that is important, but the effect of the surrounding area and the response of the human visual system To study these effects, we need the mathematical ... than others The algorithms used to process images often require the setting of various parameters The proper values for these parameters are determined by the characteristics of the images The...

Ngày tải lên: 05/06/2014, 11:55

... of the sensor elements and the geometry of the imaging system However, the actual spatial resolution depends on the inherent contrast of an object and the sum of the blurring effects of all the ... region of the original continuous signal pattern The size of each small region from which the signal is averaged is determined by the geometry of the imaging system and the physical size of each ... on the size of the image file 2.5.1 Image File Formats The choice of image file format has implications for: The size of the stored image file The type and amount of metadata that can be stored The...

Ngày tải lên: 05/06/2014, 12:05

... a mug, is the color of the mug relevant to the meaning, or the fact that the pitcher is  inches high, or that the pitcher is held in the left hand and the mug in the right? Many of the arguments ... number of trials they learned the correct order in which the switches were to be thrown For present purposes, the interesting part of their data consisted of subjective reports of the development of ... imagery They spontaneously noted that by the time they could pull the eight switches with no errors they had formed a kind of kinesthetic image of the pattern that the eight switches formed They...

Ngày tải lên: 11/06/2014, 01:19

... appearance; yet by varying the color, say, of the left half of the table-top we can vary the color of the left half of the visual appearance (If we restrict ourselves to the language of being appeared ... deal with the basic problems of the theory of knowledge The general view that is here defended is appropriately called "foundationalism." What are the presuppositions of the theory of knowledge? ... on the thing that is appearing, but also on the relevant sense-organ Perhaps we can distinguish the role of the senseorgan from that of the object of appearance by saying this: the nature of the...

Ngày tải lên: 11/06/2014, 15:44

... since the present sketch is the germ of the Essay of 1844, it seemed best to preserve the identity between the two works, by using such of the author's divisions as correspond to the chapters of the ... facts in the distribution of the inhabitants of South America, and in the geological relations of the present to the past inhabitants of that continent.” These words, occurring where they do, ... possess.” These two Essays, of 1842 and 1844, are now printed under the title The Foundations of the Origin of Species It will be noted that in the above passage he does not mention the ms of 1842...

Ngày tải lên: 28/06/2014, 19:20

... means of arbitrary straight lines into a finite number of triangles ∆k , then the measure of area of ∆ is equal to the sum of the measures of area of the separate triangles ∆k Proof From the distributive ... (∆) of the triangle ∆ is equal to the sum of the measures of area F (∆t ) of all the triangles ∆t and this sum is in turn equal to the sum of all the measures of area F (∆ts ) However, the sum of ... the axioms of groups I and II form the basis of the remaining axioms It is sufficient, therefore, to show that each of the groups II, IV, and V is independent of the others The first statement of...

Ngày tải lên: 28/06/2014, 19:20

... you change the size of the thumbnail displays via View in the File Browser menu bar, but you can change the size of the entire window by placing your cursor in the lower-right corner of the window ... dragging the window to the desired size To change the size of the tab items on the left side of the window (Folders, Preview, and Metadata), click the top, right, or bottom border and drag to the ... delete, and one of the following: • Click the Trash button at the top of the File Browser window • Drag the files to the Trash button • Press the Delete key • Choose File Delete from the File Browser...

Ngày tải lên: 02/07/2014, 02:20

... at the bottom of the toolbar; then, when the Color Picker opens, select the color of your choice.) I clicked the iris This set a “target” color Then I dragged over the irises The parts of the ... instead of using the Dodge tool on the white areas of the eye, I use the Sponge tool to saturate the colors of the iris (see Figure 3.12) Figure 3.12: Use the Sponge tool to saturate the colors ... removed many of the artifacts and left the foreground area sharp Although the filter got rid of most of the smaller artifacts, the larger ones remained To get rid of these, I selected the Clone...

Ngày tải lên: 02/07/2014, 02:20

... the top of the lighthouse I played with the size of the light by dragging one of the handles defining the edges of the light until I got what I wanted To set the light properties, I dragged the ... percent of the sky this way and stopped just above the top of the horse and the top of the rock talus At this point, I wasn’t very precise and some of the clone spilled over the horse and the rock ... holding the Shift key and dragging the cursor from the bottom of the image window halfway up, just past the top of the row of houses Holding the Shift key while I did this constrains the angle...

Ngày tải lên: 02/07/2014, 02:20

... key and then clicks and releases with the Eraser tool on one of the edges at the very top of the image Next he moves the cursor straight down to the bottom of the image and, still holding the Shift ... named Silver (the third one from the left the name appears only when the cursor is placed on top of the icon) 3 I clicked and dragged the gradient adjustment layer to the bottom of the Layers palette ... from the toolbox and then click and drag it several times over the spots of light (The Blur tool shares the same spot on the toolbar as the Sharpen and Smudge tools Shift+R will cycle through the...

Ngày tải lên: 02/07/2014, 02:20

... started with the red cones, using the Clone Stamp tool to replace them with parts of the sidewalk and street (left) She then cloned the tree on the left side of the image over the area where the red ... they used in Sweden Unless you want to spend a lot of time trying to match the film grain or the resolution of the digital file, use the same type of film, or if using a digital camera, use the ... cloning the birds, I went back and fine-tuned my composite I used the Eraser tool to define the edges of some of the birds I used a Transform command to slightly reduce the size of one of the birds...

Ngày tải lên: 02/07/2014, 02:20

... insertion bar in the shape of an I-beam appeared at the point of clicking I then typed in my letters The baseline of my type lined up with the small line through the bottom of the I-beam The I-beam ... also offers control over the amount of space between lines of type This is called leading, and most of the time the Auto setting in the pop-up menu is the way to go Generally, the higher the leading ... I held the Shift key to constrain the scale and then clicked in the upper-left corner of my image and dragged my cursor all the way to the bottom of the image, filling the screen with the © shape...

Ngày tải lên: 02/07/2014, 02:20

... hence the smaller file size The second image (right) contains lots of high-frequency data in the form of thin strands of hair It takes a lot more work to compress this kind of data; therefore, the ... one—in the Zoom box at the bottom left of the dialog box If you hold down the Alt/Option key, the Cancel and Help buttons change to Remember and Reset If you click the Remember button, the next ... using either the default or the last-saved settings If you want to stop this sometimes time-consuming process, wait until the image has loaded (as indicated by the status bar at the bottom of the...

Ngày tải lên: 02/07/2014, 02:20