... Bonds andClimateChange www.climatebonds.net June 2012 Low-carbon transport and energy account for the bulk of issuance The climate- themed bond universe is dominated by the transport and energy ... presents a first estimate of the outstanding global bond market size linked to key climatechange themes, and examines future drivers and trends in the short term In spite of the financial crisis, institutional ... together make up 85% of the total Beyond the climatethemed bonds, there are baskets of other bonds that represent future expansion if the proceeds were clearly dedicated for low-carbon, climate- resilient...
... analogs is the best way to combat climatechange They can be expected to spread such messages to other people, and may press for analogs to be served at meetings they attend and for the GHGs thereby ... in landfills, incinerators, and waterways • Production, distribution, and disposal of byproducts, such as leather, feathers, skin, and fur, and their packaging Production, distribution, and disposal ... would be the best strategy for reversing climatechange In fact, this approach would have far more rapid effects on GHG emissions and their atmospheric concentrations and thus on the rate the climate...
... membranes and proteins: On the one hand, changes of the ionic milieu lead to alterations of the membrane potential and thus to a destruction of biomembranes (Schulze et al 2002) On the other hand, the ... land and other resources (Ericson et al 1999) Population migration to those arid and semiarid areas increases the problems of water shortage and worsens the situation of land degradation in the ... Furthermore, more energy can be provided for energy-dependent tolerance mechanisms such as the synthesis of compatible solutes and antioxidants Therefore, the salt and drought tolerance and the...
... opportunity, the conference agreed on the following general conclusions: Address under the revision of the Gothenburg Protocol theclimate effects of air pollutants andthe short-lived climate forcers, ... However, the short and long term recommendations on tools, monitoring and stakeholder understanding have not been addressed adequately Other climatechange feedbacks Climatechange will inevitably change ... change, and may serve as a model for other regions of the world (CLRTAP EB and WGE; IPCC; other regional MEAs) Ozone effects andclimatechange Impacts of ozone on vegetation and feedbacks to climate...
... climate system, the human drivers of climate change, the response of theclimate system to these drivers, andthe response of society to climate changes The research, observations, and modeling ... manage the risks and opportunities of change in theclimateand related environmental systems” (CCSP, 2003) Thechange of administration in 2009 will likely result in another change in the name and ... Restructuring theClimateChange Science Program S ocieties’ ability to respond to climatechange depends in part on the magnitude and speed of changes in theclimate system and on the resilience...
... Sci andclimatechange as today, the Mekong Delta’s paddy land is 1619.8 thousand in 2020 and is only 993.9 thousand in 2050 Fact andthe above analysis shows that one of the plans to rice land ... 3.2 Analysis the changes of elements in the model In the original script of the model using actual values of the elements obtained from the secondary resources from the provinces andthe primary ... security and export Thirdly, the Mekong Delta is one of the great and fertile plains of Southeast Asian; is the food production and export area of the most important in the country In the future,...
... &srnissing the judges of the Supreme Court and half of the judges of the Constitutional COW The Chamber of Representatives appoints the remaining half The Committee for State Security (KGB) andthe ... when the World Bank andthe IMF sent a mission to the government, the Ministry of Economy, andthe Ministry of Finances The aim of the mission was to monitor state/government expenditure The recommendations ... guidance over the state administration andthe armed forces The Prime Minister coordinates and bears the responsibility for the overall policy of the government Pursuant to the laws, the Council...
... migration, the environment andclimatechange within the aforementioned themes It examines the existing evidence with respect to the ways in which changes in the environment andclimatechange are ... displaced by climatechange over the next 40 years For the most part these figures represent the number of people exposed to the risk of climatechange in certain parts of the world and not take ... active in the area of migration, climatechangeandthe environment, and has carried out programmes in more than 40 countries from the Pacific Islands, to Latin America and on the Asian and African...
... (T) and mean annual precipitation (P) for the following hypotheses: IA0 (T and P), IA2 (T + oC and P), IA3 (T + oC and P), IA4 (T + oC and P); IA2 –50 (T + oC and P –50 mm), IA2-100 (T + oC and ... availability in the soil In the south of Europe and North Africa, the temperature and drought increase will be more considerable Elsewhere theclimate would become much more heterogeneous both intraand inter-annually ... differences in the range and value of the indices, in relation to the size of the areas and their altitudes Thus A numidica, A nebrodensis and A pinsapo have high indices due to their positions at...
... including the reconstruction of past climates, the understanding of current climates, andthe projection of future climates The first two reports were dominated by climate sciences, reflected in the ... focusing on understanding impacts as they happened AIDS research and response has followed the evolution of the disease andthe epidemic The key issues changed as the epidemic spread and treatment ... questioning the causes of AIDS, and being skeptical of the utility of ARVs; in theclimatechange arena, there has been ongoing debate as to the amount of change attributable to "natural" and "human-induced"...
... On the one hand, the additional climate risk may increase the intervention (adaptation) costs, while on the other hand climatechange will lead to increases in potential health benefits of these ... “Review of the Economics of ClimateChange (RECC) whose aim is to contribute to the regional debate on the costs and benefits of climatechange adaptation and mitigation, including advocacy and support ... perspective on the impacts of climate change, andthe costs and benefits of adapting to climatechange Indeed, economic evaluation should be designed to be usable by a range of decision makers, and hence...
... this section include: the coastal and island area, the delta area, the mountainous and midland area andthe urban area 2.2.1 The coastal and island area The coastal and island area of Vietnam can ... 2.2.3 The mountainous and midland area The mountainous and midland area of Vietnam can be divided into the following regions: the Northern mountainous and midland area; andthe Central and Highland ... methods to determine the impacts of climate change, risks and damage caused by the impact of climate change, the adaptability andthe vulnerability of the sectors and of the community These tools consist...
... both the Chicago Climate Exchange andthe New York Mercantile Exchange (NYMEX) The scheme’s designers have been careful to avoid some of the problems encountered by the EU’s scheme, where the ... business andthe battle against climatechange PART II – Business andclimatechange P art II of this report aims to review the kinds of actions companies are taking to deal with the threat of climate ... business andthe battle against climatechange important issue, and a similar number (54%) say they have a coherent policy in place to address climatechange For these companies with a policy, the...
... decades Table 4: The trends of changes, driven by climatechange and/ or other forces Table 5: The importance of climatechange compared to the other challenges Table 6: Effects of climatechange Table ... of both climatechangeand anthropogenic activities Land use and land cover change affects a wide range of human and natural systems and contributes to changes in carbon exchange andclimate ... to the impacts of climatechange Table 10: Awareness of effects of climatechange on forests andthe options for climatechange adaptation and mitigation Table 11: Willingness to undertake climate...
... station 2.4.5 Climatechange scenarios According to IPCC (2007), Climatechange is thechange in the condition of weather system, which can be seen through the variation in the average andthe fluctuation ... development and innovation, 30 economy scale and development, social relations, structure of energy system andthechange in land usage The purpose of using SRES as the standard of the evaluation ... pollutants from the tributary rivers and canals flowing into the Cai River Basing on the analytical results of the water quality of the rivers and canals flowing into the Cai River andthe average...
... analysed the adaptation of farmers and regions in Europe to the prevailing climate change, climate variability and climatic conditions in the last decade The research concludes that, the impacts on the ... of climatechange on the spatial variability on the yield and income is lower in warmer climates as compared to temporal variability in climate in the places where there is heterogeneity in the ... larger diversity in the farm types reduces the impacts of theclimate variability at a regional level Finally from the study, they concluded that the yield andthe farmers’ income in the future is...
... papers observed the influence of theclimatechange on the reuse schemes Thus, the paper conducts a systematic analysis of available findings to feature the influence of climatechange factors such ... al., 2009) They also noticed that the thermal variation in the influent and mixed liquor in the secondary clarifiers weakened the separation capacity The situation was even worse if the flow-rate ... 2011) On the one hand, it was good for the resource conservation On the other hand, the volume of wastewater discharge to the transmission systems was proportionally decreased, but not the contaminant...
... given the strong link between spatial planning, land use andclimatechangeThe way cities should develop in the future, andthe effect their form can have on resource depletion and social and ... climatechange in the coming years On one hand, megacities are the engines of globalisation, driving the flow of people, goods, knowledge, and money around the world On the other hand they also ... began by reviewing and developing local understanding of global and regional climatechange science andthe implications of climatechange for Durban Secondly, a ‘Headline climatechange adaptation...
... uninhabitable and polluted water supplies, and led to intimidation of critics andthe Kurdish population by the Turkish state Turkish fishermen have lost their livelihood andthe pipeline threatens the ... laggard on climatechange compared to other major banks, having neither acknowledged its major impacts on the planet’s climate nor adopted a comprehensive policy on climatechangeThe bank prides ... significant impact [on climate change] is the investment and lending decisions we make Therefore, we are looking at solutions to climatechange through our investments and funding 67 The CEO of HBOS’...