the balance of payments constraint
the balance of payments as a monetary phenomenon
Ngày tải lên :
13/07/2014, 21:13
... attention to stable balance of payments situations.
The main aim of this paper is to examine the monetary approach to the balance of payments
(MABP), which argues that the balance of payments is a ... outflow. The balance of payments in
equilibrium when the sum of reserve inflow and outflow is zero. The deficit/surplus of balance of
payments is, therefore, self-correcting provided that the monetary ... in the balance of payments. A specific objective is to determine whether excess money
supply has played a significant role in the disequilibrium of balance of payments in Pakistan.
The core of...
- 12
- 483
- 1
The effects of devaluation on the trade balance and the balance of payments
Ngày tải lên :
23/07/2014, 15:28
... 1975.
THE
EFFECTS
OF
DEVALUATION
61
1
The pattern of the I-esiduals for the trade balance contrasts sharply
with the pattern for the balance of payments. The average balance of
payments ... the balance of payments.
The contrasting pattern of response to devaluation for the trade
balance and the balance of payments is also apparent within the
individual countries. In five of the ... of the first lag term indicates an
improvement in the balance of payments in the year following de-
valuation. The negative sign of the second lag, however, indicates that
the balance of payments...
- 21
- 526
- 1
Stock repurchases as an earnings management mechanism the impact of financing constraints
Ngày tải lên :
12/06/2014, 19:36
... regarding the use of share repurchases as an earnings management
mechanism in the presence of debt-financing constraints as well as the impact of these constraints
on the use of accruals and other ... at the beginning of the year. ΔS
t
isthechangeinsalesfromperiodt − 1 to period t. PPE
t
is the gross
property, plant , and equ ipme nt at t he en d of the y ear. PROD
t
is the sum of costs of ... and
LOGANALYST
t
as the logarithmic tra nsformation of the numbe r of analysts covering the firm before the earnings release date. As
shown in panel A of Table 6, we find that the mean values for both of these...
- 15
- 413
- 0
Measuring the Statutory and Regulatory Constraints on Department of Defense Acquisition - An Empirical Analysis doc
Ngày tải lên :
15/03/2014, 20:20
... center sponsored by the Office
of the Secretary of Defense, the Joint Staff, the Unified Combatant Commands, the
Department of the Navy, the Marine Corps, the defense agencies, and the defense
Intelligence ... to track their compliance time
using the activity categories in each area (and “other”). Based on the consistency and
detail of most users’ input and on the content of the comments they provided, ... to contact the participant directly, or enlisted the
assistance of the program manager or designate to determine whether the participant
was still eligible for the study and whether the individual...
- 105
- 379
- 0
Measuring the Statutory and Regulatory Constraints on Department of Defense Acquisition - An Empirical Analysis pptx
Ngày tải lên :
23/03/2014, 02:20
... effort working on the Core/Source of Repair Analysis section of
the ASR. Even though these two programs had the highest level of effort in these cate-
gories, the overall level of effort was relatively ... enrolled in the study. e tables in Appendix A show the number of partic-
ipants in each program for each period over the course of the study. During the course
of data collection, a total of 316 ... to contact the participant directly, or enlisted the
assistance of the program manager or designate to determine whether the participant
was still eligible for the study and whether the individual...
- 105
- 350
- 0
Báo cáo " Balance of rice for the Mekong Delta - Viet Nam to 2050 in terms of industrialization and climate change '''' doc
Ngày tải lên :
24/03/2014, 01:21
... Delta is one of the great
and fertile plains of Southeast Asian; is the food
production and export area of the most important in
the country. In the future, when the possibility of
reclaimed ... Analysis the changes of elements in the model
In the original script of the model using actual
values of the elements obtained from the secondary
resources from the provinces and the primary data ... and other projects.
With the speed of the current land acquisition, in
2020 paddy land in the country is only 3.4 million
ha, while in the long term the risk of reducing rice
land in the Mekong...
- 7
- 527
- 2
Báo cáo khoa học: "CONSTRAINTS ON THE GENERATION OF ADJUNCT CLAUSES" potx
Ngày tải lên :
24/03/2014, 02:20
... arguments are realized as they are
reached. The result of these operations and the
traversal up to the subject of the adjunct is shown in
Figure Six. Note that the text of the main clause has
been ...
realize the gap(s).
Of descriptive analyses, those couched in terms of
thematic roles seem best suited for the generation of
PC, since they allow a single description of the
antecedent of the ... of the matrix verb are still
accessible from within the adjunct and are annotated
with their thematic roles):
.
.
Gap the first argument in the PC which is an
occurrence of the matrix Theme....
- 8
- 372
- 0
RECOMMENDATIONS FOR THE SECURITY OF INTERNET PAYMENTS ppt
Ngày tải lên :
29/03/2014, 20:20
...
4) SCOPE OF THE DIRECTIVE
Currently the rules apply where the PSPs of
both the payer and the payee are located in the
EU/EEA and where the transaction is in euro
or in the currency of a non-euro ... execution of the payment service
concerned.
10.2 BP It is desirable that PSPs notify the
customer of the eventual blocking of a payment
transaction, under the terms of the contract,
and that the ... presents a set of recommendations
to improve the security of internet payments.
These recommendations were developed
by the European Forum on the Security of
Retail Payments, SecuRe Pay (the “Forum”)....
- 26
- 351
- 0
Báo cáo hóa học: " The effects of attention capacity on dynamic balance control following concussion" doc
Ngày tải lên :
19/06/2014, 08:20
... subject
was to alway s declare the pitch of the word while ignor-
ing the word itself. Congruent (where the pitch matches
the word) and incongruent (where the pitch doesn’t
match the word) conditions were ... stimulus was pre-
sented at the beginning of the analyzed motion data of
one complete stride. Subjects were informed about the
impending task at the beginning of each block of trials.
2.3 Experimental ... prioritiza-
tion of a balance control in a dual task situation [7].
This “posture first hypothesis” indicates that indivi duals
would prioritize control of balance before another safer
task [26]. The fact...
- 8
- 585
- 0
báo cáo hóa học: " The effects of high frequency subthalamic stimulation on balance performance and fear of falling in patients with Parkinson''''s disease" docx
Ngày tải lên :
19/06/2014, 08:20
... inves-
tigating the effect of STN stimulation. In the present study,
the patients rated their fear of falling as less severe with the
STN stimulation turned ON which supports the improve-
ments found in the ... standing barefoot with the feet placed on a line in front of each other, toes touching the heel of the other
foot. The test is performed on preferred foot (placed as the rearmost) with straight ... subjective ratings of fear of
falling and laboratory assessments that investigate reflex-
ive movements. The aim of the present study was to
explore the effects of STN stimulation alone on balance
performance...
- 10
- 487
- 0
báo cáo hóa học: " Aging and selective sensorimotor strategies in the regulation of upright balance" docx
Ngày tải lên :
19/06/2014, 10:20
... to maintain balance was
observed in older adults. The ability to anticipate the
physical constraints of the environment and adapt the
balance behaviour accordingly is the result of intricate
sensorimotor ... train balance control [19,20] and in vestibular
rehabilitation [21]. Thus, the aim of the present study was
to determine the effects of aging and repeated exposures
on the capability of the CNS ... segmental reflexes organized at the level of
the spinal cord, but rather depend on the integration of
proprioceptive, visual and vestibular information at many
levels of the neuraxis [5-7]. Head-based...
- 7
- 396
- 0
Dự án nông nghiệp " Improving capability of provincial extensionists for assessing soil constraints to sustainable production through the use of the SCAMP decision support system " MS5 pptx
Ngày tải lên :
21/06/2014, 04:20
... productivity problems. There
was an increased awareness of the necessity for soil-specific management based on
the inherent constraints identified for the soil. It was clearly the desire of the
extensionists ...
5
The pre- and post-course questionnaires identified some major changes in the
perceptions of extensionists as a result of the course. In particular, a better
understanding of the effects of ...
The pre- and post-course questionnaires indicated some major shifts in the
perceptions of extensionists as a result of the workshops. In particular there was
enhanced understanding of the...
- 8
- 394
- 0
Báo cáo khoa học nông nghiệp " Improving capability of provincial extensionists for assessing soil constraints to sustainable production through the use of the SCAMP decision support system ( Attachment 2 )" pdf
Ngày tải lên :
21/06/2014, 04:20
... participants planned to take when they returned from the course.
Pre-course survey
Sandy soil is one of the major cropping soil groups of Tay Ninh province. The structure of soil is
weak and loose. ... recognised the importance of applying organic amendments and retaining crop
residues as a means of improving productivity.
Post-course survey
According to the post-course survey, the awareness of ... productivity in their villages. The post-course questionnaire was designed to
measure any changed perceptions of major soil constraints and to determine what follow-up actions
the participants...
- 5
- 305
- 0
the future of money how mobile payments and the digitization of money will change everything docx
Ngày tải lên :
28/06/2014, 17:20
... traditional
FS, and government or a combo thereof.
11
MONEY
FUTURE OF
9
MOBILE
PAYMENTS?
25
Mobile Payments and the
Digitization of Money will Change
Everything…Or will it? ... what’s the real story here?
3
MOBILE
PAYMENTS?
19
5. The arrival of mobile
payments will enable a new
generation of real-time,
insight driven, shopping and
financial tools.
End of ... & use it, and the end
of physical currency as we know it.
8
The probability is high that mobile
devices become the single most
important customer contact point
for both the Retail and...
- 29
- 343
- 0
