soil erosion and sedimentation

... Preface vii ix Soil erosion: the global context Box Erosion, population and food supply Processes and mechanics of erosion Box Initiation of soil particle movement 11 42 Factors inuencing erosion Box ... alternate wetting and drying, freezing and thawing and frost action, and biochemical Soil is disturbed by tillage operations and by the trampling of people and livestock Running water and wind are ... commonly made for water erosion between rill erosion and erosion on the land between the rills by the combined action of raindrop impact and overland ow This is termed interrill erosion To these agents...

Ngày tải lên: 06/03/2014, 17:20

... forestland to agricultural uses and the extraction of forest products for socio–economic development (VEPA, 2002) Consequently, there has been an increase in barren land, soil erosion, landslides and ... evapotranspiration and physical properties of soil (Shukla et al., 2003) Soil water retention which is an important soil hydrological property is influenced by soil structure (Fu et al., 2000), soil moisture and ... about soil erosion in Southeast Asia and concludes that forest conversion to agriculture and exotic plantation (e.g., shifting cultivation) have significant effects on both surface and landslide erosion...

Ngày tải lên: 03/04/2014, 12:22

... relevant for the assessment of erosion and sediment control measures Best management practices (BMPs) for controlling construction site stormwater due to erosion and sedimentation can offer secondary ... input, easiness to understand and use, and so forth The most essential factors for choosing the MCA technique is the easiness of understanding by the analyst, the stakeholders and use Ref [16] stated ... support tool can help the engineers and contractors in the construction field on which control measure is the best to be used for controlling erosion and sedimentation and for each construction stage/activity...

Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 16:11

... functions in the soil, including Examples of Soils Acid sulfate soils Forest soils Humid climate arable soils Calcareous soils Sodic soils pH scale 10 11 12 13 14 Common acids and alkalis Battery ... to understand plant nutrient availability and optimal growing conditions for specific crops, it is important to understand soil chemistry and interacting factors that affect soil pH Soil organic ... nutrient storage and soil aggregation SOM levels have declined over the last century in some soils as a result of over-grazing grasslands and the conversion of grasslands to tilled farmland This reduction...

Ngày tải lên: 05/03/2014, 21:20

... polyethylene tub A soil sample was then taken, preweighed masses of sludge were added and the soil and sludge were thoroughly mixed The soil/ sludge mixture was then returned to the soil column and ®rmly ... fragments (all soils were largely free of stones and pebbles), and stored in polyethylene bags Soil pH was determined in 1:1 soil/ distilled water suspensions, mixed at and 0.5 h and measured at ... Pollution 109 (2000) 327±346 Fig Old site Hudson (OS) and Hudson control (H) soil column percolate and soil pH, plotted by soil type and initial soil pH: *, OS5; *, OS7; !, OS natural; !, OS>7; &,...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 00:07

... against Erosion Damage 5.7.1 Quenching and Tempering 5.7.2 Diffusion Permeating Plating References Interaction between Cavitation and Abrasive Erosion Processes V Ya Karelin, A.I Denisov and Y.L ... Suspended Particles on Incipient and Developed of Cavitation 6.2 Effect of Cavitation on Hydroabrasive Erosion 6.3 Relationship between Hydroabrasive Erosion and Cavitational Erosion References Corrosion ... Corrosion and Other Localized Corrosion 7.4 Interaction of Corrosion with Erosion 7.4.1 Experiment on Slurry Erosion- Corrosion 7.4.2 Basic Equations Describing the Combined Effect of Erosion and Corrosion...

Ngày tải lên: 02/04/2014, 15:46

... molecular evolution and an increase in the performance of qualigen-deficient and therefore over-fatigued blood and sap vessels On the other hand, if techno-academic pressure and heat-intensifying ... systems of land and forest management are largely responsible for the present climatic instability Mechanistic methods of regeneration and production, which have no truly long-term view and are wholly ... living soil' s continuing ability to sustain future generations As has already become evident, the current practice of over-clearing of forest for agriculture and subsequent tillage leads to soil erosion, ...

Ngày tải lên: 04/06/2014, 12:23

... Phytophthora from soil and root of several crops Table Effect of rose petals on Phytophthora isolation from soil and root of several crops Solution Crops Durian Aquilaria Cafe Soil Total of soil samples ... pepper and black pepper root by petal and leaf traps Soil from rhizosphere at 15 cm to deep and early disease infested rootlet samples were collected Soil and rootlet (one third in volume) were ... by glass stick and kept at least for hours to soil and rootlets deposited Freshly color petals (0.5 x 0.5 cm) or black pepper leaves were released into cups containing samples and incubator at...

Ngày tải lên: 22/06/2014, 12:20

... heavy soils 3.2 Erosion by water Water erosion results from the removal of soil material by flowing water The most common types of soil erosion by water are sheet and rill erosion on upland areas, ... Position and Land-Use Changes to Bio- Physical Soil Properties in Nakasongola Pastoral Rangeland Areas, Central Uganda 241 M Buyinza and M Nabalegwa Erosion Control 255 Pastoral Hill Slope Erosion ... degradation due to brick making, sand extractions etc Table Soil Degradation processes 3.1 Soil erosion Soil erosion is the detachment or breaking away of soil particles from a land surface by some erosive...

Ngày tải lên: 29/06/2014, 09:20

... Engineering – Soil Liquefaction and Seismic Safety of Dams and Monuments 28 Fig 40 Scouring of Foundation Soils and Severing of Building’s Utility Lines, Phi Phi Island Hospital, Thailand, 2004 Fig ... Engineering – Soil Liquefaction and Seismic Safety of Dams and Monuments Due to the steep and rugged topography in the affected mountainous region, wide spread landslides (see Figs and 10) have ... configuration and topography, etc which influenced the wave focusing, reflection and refraction; tsunami run-up height; extent of inland inundation; flow velocity and scour, wave pressure, uplift and debris...

Ngày tải lên: 29/06/2014, 09:20

... Sandy Soils 89 Shinjiro Sato and Kelly T Morgan VI Contents Chapter Part Forest Preservation, Flooding and Soil Fertility: Evidence from Madagascar 111 Bart Minten and Claude Randrianarisoa Soil ... distribution of OC in soils (Kaiser and Guggenberger 2000; Gillabel et al 2010) and the dissimilarity in controls on C dynamics and decomposition of soil OC with depth in topsoil and subsoil (Fontaine ... regional trend in soil fertility with respect to the soil mineralogical and chemical properties was investigated Soil properties were correlated with different Soil Health and Land Use Management...

Ngày tải lên: 29/06/2014, 09:20

... means of correlation matrices RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Physicochemical properties of soils and nutrient status of forest stands on research plots From the aspect of soil acidity the evaluated samples ... climatic and air pollutions Water, Air and Soil Pollution, 116: 151–197 M A (1978): New extractant for soil test evaluation of phosphorus, potassium, magnesium, calcium, sodium, manganese and ... Soil Science and Plant Analysis, 9: 477–492 M J (2003): Defoliation of older Norway spruce (Picea abies [L.] Karst.) stands in Polish Sudety and Carpathian Mountains Forest Ecology and...

Ngày tải lên: 07/08/2014, 10:21

... and 30 cm, 10% between 30 and 60 cm and no roots below 60 cm) compared to the root distribution observed for trees (34% between and 15 cm, 29% between 15 and 30 cm, 30% between 30 and 60 cm and ... scenarios and 2) (Tab VIIB) In relative values, at 120 cm, it represented a change of 64, +12, and 18 % for N, K, Ca and Mg respectively for scenario and of 59, +29, +5 and % for N, K, Ca and Mg ... Cycling and budgets of acidity and nutrients in Norway spruce stands in northeastern France and the Erzgebirge (Czech Republic), ch 3.3, in: Landmann G., Bonneau M (Eds.), Forest decline and atmospheric...

Ngày tải lên: 07/08/2014, 16:20

... individual and combined hypoxia and salinity on net carbon assimilation of this species and the subsequent effects of these stresses on growth and biomass partitioning was evaluated MATERIALS AND METHODS ... responses of g and A for days #100 and 160 initiation Both g and A in treatment F and FS remained lower than control plants throughout the day following treatment Maximum g and A for control ... (Cornelius, 1980) and in P ponderosa seedlings (Bedunah and Talica, 1979) Ball and Farquhar (1984a,b) noted a decrease in A for mangroves, Aegiceras corniculatum and Avicennia marina Pezeshki and Chambers...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 23:22

... consideration subsoil properties that influence soil management and/ or crop adaptability This is the case of the K’an kab lu’um soils that have red topsoil and yellow subsoil Soils enriched in ... scientific soil classifications, such as the WRB system and the USDA Soil Taxonomy [39] The position of the soils on the terrain is a primary diagnostic feature [40] Maya soil groups and soil units ... special soil or land conditions that significantly restrict their use potential For example, Buy lu’um stands for poor soils, Sohol lu’um for dry and sterile soils, K’oha’an lu’um for degraded soils,...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 09:20

... Montreal lowlands soils Can J Soil Sci 83: 73–87 Bolland, M.D.A., Allen, D.G., and Walton, K.S 2003 Soil testing for phosphorus: comparing the Mehlich and Colwell procedures for soils of south-western ... Combined K and Na standard solutions: use certified atomic absorption standard and prepare solutions of 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0 and 0.3, 0.6, 0.9, 1:2 mg mLÀ1 of K and Na, respectively d Combined Ca and ... Shahandeh, H., Wright, A.L., Hons, F.M., and Lascano, R.J 2005 Spatial and temporal variation in soil nitrogen parameters related to soil texture and corn yield Agron J 97: 772–782 Sparrow, S.D and...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 02:23

... P., and Rose, S 1983 Carbon and nitrogen in the light fraction of a forest soil: vertical distribution and seasonal patterns Soil Sci 135: 79–87 Wander, M 2004 Soil organic matter fractions and ... M., Elhottova, D., Klimes, F., and Hopkins, D.W 2004 Emissions of N2 O and CO2 , denitrification measurements and soil properties in red clover and ryegrass stands Soil Biol Biochem 36: 9–21 Underwood, ... of incubation (see Section 46.2.5) Mix 15–50 g of soil with sand at a soil: sand ratio of 1:1 for medium-textured soils and 1:2 for fine-textured soils It may be helpful to apply a light mist of...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 02:23

... unstructured soil (e.g., uniform sandy soil) , and for a representative fine-textured soil (e.g., clayey soil) with and without structure, where ‘‘structure’’ refers to the presence of aggregates, peds, and ... determining soil pore size distribution, for interpreting soil strength data, and for determining the transmission and qs Structured clayey soil qs qs Unstructured clayey soil Unstructured sandy soil ... c, for a representative sandy soil (sand) and a representative loamy soil with structure (structured loam) and without structure (loam) and (b) alpha parameter, a(c), and sorptive number, a*(c),...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 02:23

... Group, LLC Soil Survey Staff 1975 Soil Taxonomy SCS U.S Department of Agriculture Handbook 436, Washington, DC, 754 pp Taylor, N.H and Pohlen, I.J 1962 Soil Survey Method A New Zealand Handbook ... applicable to soil- related studies Table A1 is a list of basic information related to sample site and sampling method Landscape and soil profile attributes are listed in Table A2 and Table A3, ... Handbook for the Field Study of Soils Soils Bureau Bulletin 25 Taita Exp Sta., Hutt Valley, New Zealand 241 pp USDA 2002 Field Book for Describing and Sampling Soils National Soil Survey Centre, Resources...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 02:23

Ngày tải lên: 14/11/2014, 07:33