sites meme blocks amino acid substitutions and entropy

... enzyme Other substitutions (D132S, D132N and D132H) led to a moderate decrease in stability, lowering Tm by 45 C compared with the wild-type protein The last group includes amino acid substitutions ... CORE, the LID and the NMPbind [1] A characteristic of bacterial CMP kinases is an extension of the NMPbind domain by 40 amino acid residues forming a three-stranded antiparallel b sheet and two a ... or dCMP showed that discrimination between CMP and UMP is achieved by Ser36, Arg110 and Asp132, which form hydrogen bonds with the amino group and the N3 atom of the cytosine (Fig 1) This study...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 10:20

... N-terminal amino acids, which differ between the human CYP11B1 and CYP11B2 enzyme, and are candidate residues for influencing the enzymatic activity of human aldosterone synthase As the two helices, B and ... aldosterone synthase and the corresponding amino- acid exchanges Nucleotides represented in bold characters indicate mismatched bases in CYP11B2 Codons for the changed amino acids are underlined ... using PROCHECK [33] and PROSA [34] and all the models showed appropriate quality RESULTS Alignment of human, mouse and rat CYP11B1 and CYP11B2 with crystallized cytochromes P450 and human microsomal...

Ngày tải lên: 24/03/2014, 03:21

... yellow and the fruit is red? G Giorio et al Fig Sequence alignment of PSY1 and PSY2 protein derived from analysis with The predicted protein sequences were 412 and 438 amino acids for PSY1 and PSY2, ... and Psy2 genes and also provide the deduced complete amino acid sequences of the two enzymes, together with new insights into the transcriptional regulation of Psy1 and Psy2 in chloroplast- and ... photoprotection (quenching and xanthophylls cycle) and in the formation of abscisic acid Moreover, many species use them to make coloured flowers and fruits to attract pollinators and seed dispersers...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 05:20

... 27 acids ⁄ 14 acids ⁄ 14 acids ⁄ 14 acids ⁄ 14 acids ⁄ 14 amino amino amino amino amino 15 15 15 15 15 acids acids acids acids acids amino amino amino amino amino acids ⁄ 237 acids ⁄ 237 acids ... Signal ⁄ activation peptides Obtaining 5¢ and 3¢ ends by Rapid Amplification of cDNA Ends (RACE) amino amino amino amino amino acids acids acids acids acids Relative molecular mass ⁄ pI of mature ... PaTry3 and both PaTry1 and PaTry2, leading to 23 and 26 amino acid changes, respectively Therefore, this transcript may belong to a distinct gene family The amino acid composition of trypsin I and...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 03:20

... proteinogenic amino acids and C1 metabolism in P pastoris As expected, the f-values obtained for the glucose and glycerol cultivations (Table 2) show that the proteinogenic amino acids are primarily ... Ministry of Science and Technology (CICYT project PPQ2001-1908), and the Academy of Finland (projects 52311 and 202409) The authors thank J M Cregg and C Gancedo for useful comments, and O Cos for ... investigation of amino acid biosynthesis and comparison with flux ratios obtained for growth on glycerol, P pastoris was also grown with glucose as the sole carbon source Materials and methods Strain and media...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 12:20

... that any particular amino acid is part of a binding site for HS or even that the amino acid is exposed on the surface of the virion However, together with the notion that binding sites of SINV to ... defective structure, e.g lacking iduronic acid units and 2-Osulfation accompanied with increased N-sulfation [21] And three MEF cell lines (MEF-wt, MEF-Epi -/ and MEF-Ext-/- -) used in this study ... viruses and recombinant viruses at a multiplicity of infection of 0.01 The medium (1 ml) was removed on hours 20, 24, 28, 32, 36 and 44 h p i., and frozen for later determination of virus titers, and...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 01:21

... related to amino acids Expression of several genes encoding amino acid permeases are induced by Gcn4p 25 following amino acid starvation, including the mRNA for the general amino acid permease ... control pathway and yeast physiological strategies Yeast can synthesize each of its twenty amino acids de novo However, in rich medium replete with amino acids, yeast import amino acids and reduce ... amino acid limitations Reduced translation initiation can occur when a yeast strain auxotrophic for amino acids is shifted from media containing complete amino acids to that deprived of all amino...

Ngày tải lên: 24/08/2014, 12:49

... rational amino acid replacements were performed 4.3.1 Comparative amino acid sequence analysis of sjIPNS and other soluble bacterial IPNS isozymes In order to identify relevant amino acid residues ... eleven sites The choices of amino acid changes are Chapter Results Fig 4.17 Amino acid sequence alignment of insoluble sjIPNS and soluble bacterial IPNS isozymes (scIPNS, sfIPNS, slIPNS and nIPNS) ... dissimilarities in amino acid identities and/ or properties between sjIPNS and the soluble bacterial IPNS isozymes at specific determinant sites (i.e sites 19, 112, 120, 160, 242, 308 and 309 in sjIPNS)...

Ngày tải lên: 17/09/2015, 17:20

... sequencing of the forward and reverse strands of the cloned sjIPNS in pGST-SJ and pNUSA-SJ showed no random gene mutations have been incorporated during the amplification and subcloning processes ... recombinant pGST-SJ and pNUSA-SJ contain the sjIPNS insert Lanes and show the λHindIII DNA marker Lanes and show the products of BamH1 digested pGK and pGST-SJ whereas lanes and show the products ... recombinant and non-recombinant E coli BLStar were expressed at 37°C and 25°C and the respective protein fractions were analyzed by SDS-PAGE (Fig 4.11a) No overexpressed protein band was observed...

Ngày tải lên: 17/09/2015, 17:20

... to that of sfIPNS and different from those of sjIPNS and nIPNS (Fig 4.7c) Repeated sequencing of the forward and reverse strands of the cloned sfIPNS also ascertained that no random gene mutations ... reaction using OL254 and OL222 (Fig 4.3b) The amplified product was purified and sequenced in both strands using the same primers employed in its amplification Sequence results and alignment confirmed ... Fig 4.6 ~0.3kb The full DNA sequence of sfIPNS and its translated amino acid sequence deposited in Genbank under the accession numbers AF320779 and AK11177.1 respectively atgcccattctgatgccatcggccgacgtgccgacgatcgacatctcacccctgttcggc...

Ngày tải lên: 17/09/2015, 17:20

... DDGBChE-AChE ¼ RTlnK¢I/KI, where K¢I and KI and are the dissociation constants for BChE and AChE, respectively [28] 0.29 lM and 7.1 lM for BChEs from equine [14] and rat plasma [15], respectively ... RTlnK¢I/KI, where K¢I and KI and are the dissociation constants for mutant and wild-type Mo AChE, respectively [28] Asp74 (Asp70 in BChE) are present in both AChE and BChE and Trp286 is replaced ... substrate binds to two discrete sites on the enzyme molecule forming two binary complexes, ES and SE [28]: where ES is the enzyme-substrate complex and P is the product KI and aKI are the inhibition...

Ngày tải lên: 30/03/2014, 20:20

... barrel between the b3-strand and the a3-helix; (b) the catalytic machinery consists of the b4-strand aspartate (nucleophile), b5-strand glutamate (proton donor) and b7-strand aspartate (transition-state ... heavy-chain subunit of these amino acid transporters from the enzymes involved in the metabolism of starch and related saccharides Results and Discussion Evolutionary relationships and sequence–structural ... especially in higher animals (mammals and also in frogs and fishes), an aspartate (aspartic acid 248 in human 4F2hc; aspartic acid 380 in Fig as both the N-terminal and transmembrane segments are involved)...

Ngày tải lên: 18/02/2014, 13:20

... striking feature of conomarphin The l -amino acid to d -amino acid epimerization in a polypeptide chain is quite rare and not well understood, although some d -amino acids have been known for a long ... worth pointing out that the l -amino acid to d -amino acid epimerization seems to be complete for conopeptides, whereas both isoforms coexist in defensin-like peptides and natriuretic peptides from ... methods on an ABI 433A peptide synthesizer using standard Fmoc chemistry and side-chain protection N-terminal sequencing and MS N-terminal amino acid sequence analysis was performed by automated...

Ngày tải lên: 18/02/2014, 17:20

... contamination from xylem, and vice versa Glx (glutamine and glutamate: ve carbon amide and amino acid) and Asx (asparagine and aspartate: four carbon amide and amino acid) were found to be the ... Amino acid composition in leaves, and amino acid percentage ratio in the phloem exudates and leaves and xylem bleeding sap and leaves in the light and dark The amino acid composition in leaves is ... asparagine were the major amino acids in the xylem sap in both the light (63% of the total amino acids) and dark (60%) (Fig 7B) The amino acid percentage ratio in the leaves and phloem distinguished...

Ngày tải lên: 18/02/2014, 18:20

... (forward) 5¢-GCCAGTTTTGAATTCTGGAAAGCGC CTCG-3¢ and (reverse) 5¢-CGGGTCCAAGATCTTAA CGTCGATTTTTTTC-3¢ as primers (introduced EcoRI and BglII sites are underlined) and the purified chromosomal DNA as template ... and 450 nm Molecular mass information was obtained as described [6], determining the elution volumes of standard proteins and the void volume of the column The Superdex 200 PC 3.2/30 column and ... N210K and copurification of the 4¢-phosphopantothenoylCMP intermediate His-CoaB proteins (His-CoaB and His-CoaB N210K) were purified from E coli cell extracts by Ni-nitrilotriacetic acid and either...

Ngày tải lên: 19/02/2014, 12:20

... W140O and K133A] The curves of W140A and W140O are nearly linear in terms of intensity All protein concentrations were mgÆmL)1 of the wild-type protein and K133A and E142O were 88.45, 84.70, and ... decrease in helicity on removal of all amino acids beyond position 140 In CD spectra in the near-UV region (Fig 1B), the wild-type protein and mutants E142O and K133A show strong intensity at  ... truncations and point mutations to C-terminal residues on SNase stability and conformation integrity was examined by subjecting these mutants and wild-type proteins to CD [11,12] and differential...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 01:20

... stressed and the relaxed conformations [15] The network involves the side chains of the amino acids in positions 53 and 56 in a helix B, 186 in b strand 3A, and position 334 in b strand 5A (Fig ... b strand 6A and the backbone of Asn171 in the a helix F/b strand 3A loop Note: SWISSPDB VIEWER uses the same signature for a helices and the short 310-helix found in the a helix F/b strand 3A ... number of substitutions in the shutter region and b strand 5A of PAI-1 and studied their effect on the transition to latent and substrate forms and on the stabilizing effect of vitronectin, a...

Ngày tải lên: 22/02/2014, 07:20

... uncharged polar amino acids (i.e Q, N, S, and T) and an increase in charged amino- acid residues (i.e K, E, and R) in hyperthermophilic proteins As S and T can catalyze the deamination and backbone ... transformed with the ligation mixture by electroporation and plated on M9 medium containing 0.2% xylose, 0.1% casamino acids, thiamine (500 mg·mL21), and ampicillin (100 mg·mL21) Only the transformants ... The amounts of fructose and xylulose produced were determined using the cysteine/carbazole/sulfuric acid method Absorbance was measured at 537 nm and 560 nm for xylulose and fructose, respectively...

Ngày tải lên: 22/02/2014, 07:20

... amino acid- regulated genes according to their biological processes reveals that amino acid limitation regulates groups of genes that are involved in amino acid and protein metabolism, lipid and ... in the up- and down-regulation of gene expression in response to amino acid starvation Results Amino acid starvation triggers changes in gene expression In order to identify amino acid- regulated ... to amino acid availability has been studied extensively in yeast [8] The GCN2 and TOR kinases sense the intracellular concentration of amino acids In addition, yeast cells possess an amino acid...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 03:20

... chain glycine L-Alanine L-a-Aminobutyric acid L-Norvaline L-Norleucine Elongation of the backbone b-Alanine c-Aminobutyric acid d-Aminopentanoic acid e-Aminohexanoic acid O-Methyl substitution ... inward currents and affinity, d-aminopentanoate or e-aminohexanoate failed to induce any transport currents (Table 1) Methyl -substitutions at the amino- or carboxy-group of the a -amino acids had a ... set of amino acids and derivatives divided into different categories with differences in (a) side chain size, (b) backbone length, (c) O- and N-methyl substitutions, (d) stereochemistry and (e)...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 16:20