... access point. In the shared key authentication method, the station wishing to authenticate (initiator)sends an authentication request management frame indicating that it wishes to use the sharedkey ... sharedkey authentication. The responder responds by sending the challenge text, which is the authentication management frame to the initiator. The PRNG with the shared secret and the random initialization ... using the shared secret along with the new Initiating Vector (IV) selected by the initiator. This frame is then sent to the responder. The latter decrypts the received frame andverifies that the...
... cannot be linked back to the source. best inthe business inthe private sector. This type of The main issue then in is inthe feeling of anonymity. If benchmarking implies comparing customer ... important given the track record for customer surveys inthe literature thus farand the expansion of their use inthe Federal Government.Given the costs involved in designing and conducting thesesurveys ... consider them to be customers.assuming that the instrument is well designed and able to After all, someone (the taxpayer) is paying the agency tomeasure what was intended, there are still several issues...
... defined in (19.10). The excess MSE is the power of the additional error in the filter output due to the errors inthe filter coefficients. An equivalent measure of the excess MSE in steady-state is the ... Performance Issues When using the LMS adaptive filter, one must select the filter length L and the step size µ(n) toobtain the desired performance from the system. In this section, we explore theissues ... generalized expression forthese stability bounds in (19.41), the upper bound for the step size is inversely proportional to the input signal power σ2x in general. In practice, the input signal power...
... Academyof Engineering in providing services to the government, the public, and the scientific and engineering communi-ties. The Council is administered jointly by both Academies and the Institute ... developing and maintaining a credible integrated climate observing system.” The “Post-2002” report (NRC,1999b) determined that “ensuring continuity of operational data, evaluating the readiness ... of the candidate sensors. There have been final selections of the winning contractors in 1999 and 2000. The Ozone Mapping and Profiling Suite (OMPS) contractor was selected in early 1999. The...
... insights regarding productive and unproductive activities in an online world? In the late nineties, online traffic and the total amount of business conducted through theInternet were growing rapidly ... tangible), and the type of electronic 16labor, and where t is the number of years in business. t is included inthe model to control for the maturity of a company. Companies operating intheInternet ... leverage the new Internet economy. The key criterion used in this study is the type of product or service a firm offers on the Internet. Even though the emerging academic literature on Internet...
... action, the speaker and he=rer mutually believe that executing plan P will result in the hearer acquiring the required information, but, since only the hearer is actually executing the plan, the ... result in identification of the intended referent, and in the case of the S[ action, the plan is simply to do nothing, because the referent of the term is already mutually known. This is not the ... knowledge. Since there are two dimensions relevant to ,:haracteriz- ing concept activation actions, it is possible to define four 199 Some Pragmatic Issuesinthe Planning of Definite and Indefinite...
... Pygmies draw drinking water directly from natural springs in Ituri forest47Water Issuesinthe Democratic Republic of the CongoWork in progress: construction of a retaining headwall inthe village ... Precambrian crystalline basement rocks (including basalt and granite) cropping out in the mountainous terrain along the Albertine Rift from Lake Tanganyika to Lake Edward, as well as in the lower Congo ... to the long-term sustainability of major infrastructure investments inthe water sector. The immediate challenge on the ground is the non-application of basic zoning principles and land delineation...
... by using theInternet Protocol (IP) address of one of the data recipients. Social Engineering Social engineering is the increasingly prevalent act of obtaining confidential network security ... Systems, Inc. All Rights Reserved.Page 1 of 9 A Beginner’s Guide to Network Security An Introduction to the Key SecurityIssues for the E-Business Economy With the explosion of the public Internet ... communicate how they plan to protect their customers. In addition to protecting their customers, corporations must protect their employees and partners from security breaches. The Internet, intranets,...
... occur if, in a time of increasing load,an increasing fraction of the link bandwidth was being used bypush web data that was never requested by the user.2.4 Building inthe right incentivesGiven ... Be-cause users intheInternet do not have information about otherusers against whom they are competing for scarce bandwidth, the incentive mechanisms cannot come from the other users,but ... shows the UDP sending rate, as a fraction of the bandwidth on the R1-R2link. The dashed line shows the UDP arrival rate at the routerfor the entire simulation set, the dotted line shows the UDPgoodput,...
... evaluating online infor-mation. Inthe past, the greatest problem facingresearchers was finding information; now, with the advent of the Internet, the greatest problem is evaluat-ing the vast ... in determining the accuracyof online information. It is therefore important todevelop specific research practices for Internet searchesthat take the structure and purpose of theInternet intoaccount. ... self-reported confidence in their Internet searching abilities to determine if studentswho were more Internet- savvy” were better able tocritically evaluate information on the Internet. The cat-egories...
... Academy of Engineering in providing services to the government, the public, and the scientific and engineering communities. The Council is administered jointly by both Academies and the Institute ... that the FDA has agreed to include information about the lack of activity of anti-EGFR antibodies inthe setting of KRAS mutations inthe labels (i.e., while the indication remains broad, the ... that clinical response to these drugs correlated with the degree of inhibition achieved inthe assays (Smith et al., 2004). “Shouldn’t we be individualizing drug dosing to attain sufficient inhibition...