regulation by p38 map kinase

... JNK and p38 mitogen activating protein (MAP) kinase (p38 kinase) followed by caspase-3 activation [24] Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) are a group of protein serine ⁄ threonine kinases ... catalyzed by either p38 or JNK, or by both [27,41] To further clarify the role of the MAPKs in hA-evoked activation of ATF-2, we used selective MAPK inhibitors to ascertain the major upstream kinase ... p38 kinase pathway in b-cells is consistent with the general role of the p38 kinase pathway in cellular regulation of antiproliferation and apoptosis However, this pathway is only partially p38- dependent...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 12:20

... was sufficient but not necessary for the regulation of the CTGF/CCN2 gene and that signaling mechanisms via p38 MAP kinase were involved as well The p38 MAP kinase seemed to act as a downstream effector ... stimulus-dependent regulation consistent with the diversity of extracellular stimuli that activate these pathways [20] Both p38 and JNK can be activated in vitro and in vivo by dual specificity MAP kinase kinases ... subdivided into the extracellular-regulated kinase (Erk1/2), the c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and the 38-kDa MAP kinase (p38) The Erk1/2 pathway is largely regulated by the GTPase Ras and was implicated...

Ngày tải lên: 19/02/2014, 16:20

... on Tyr180 and Thr182 by the upstream activators MAP kinase kinase (MKK3) and MAP kinase kinase (MKK6) Once activated, p38 MAPKa exerts its effect by directly phosphorylating transcription factors ... three-tiered MAPK modules, each of which consists of a MAP kinase (MAPK), a MAPK kinase (MAPKK) and a MAPKK kinase (MAPKKK) MAPK modules operate in numerous biological settings where, through ... signalregulated kinases (ERKs), the Jun N-terminal kinases (JNKs) and the p38 MAP kinases, among others These enzymes are terminal components of three-tiered MAPK modules, each of which consists of a MAP kinase...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 22:20

... phosphorylated p38 protein was abolished by pretreatment with SB203580 P38 siRNA knocked down the p38 protein expression by 67% (from 2.4-fold to 0.8-fold) These findings indicate that p38 MAP kinase ... promoter activity induced by cyclic stretch were attenuated by p38 inhibitor, indicating p38 MAP kinase plays an important role in the regulation of TLR4 expression by cyclic stretch in cardiomyocytes ... min) for various periods of time To determine the roles of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), p38 MAP kinase or p42/p44 MAP kinase in the expression of stretch-induced TLR4 expression, cardiomyocytes...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 05:21

... p38 MAPK pathway [17] The MAPKs operate as a series of kinase modules beginning with the MAPK kinase kinases (MKKKs), which phosphorylate MAPK kinases (MKKs), which ultimately phosphorylate MAP ... ultimately phosphorylate MAP kinases (MAPK) [1] There are MAPK families, the extracellular-regulated protein kinases (ERK), the c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK) and p38 http://www.journal-inflammation.com/content/5/1/22 ... degeneration and pain associated with OA Materials and methods P38 kinase inhibitors The p38 kinase inhibitors SB 203580 and VX-745 were synthesized by the chemistry department at Procter & Gamble Pharmaceuticals...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 08:22

... Inferring combinatorial regulation of transcription in silico Nucleic Acids Res 33, 272–279 Yang SH, Sharrocks AD & Whitmarsh AJ (2003) Transcriptional regulation by the MAP kinase signaling cascades ... between MAPKs, the transcription factors SRF and CREB and the regulation of DUSPs, we aimed at investigating whether the regulation of these phosphatases constitutes feedback loops that modulate MAPK ... development Development 134, 167–176 Owens DM & Keyse SM (2007) Differential regulation of MAP kinase signalling by dual-specificity protein phosphatases Oncogene 26, 3203–3213 Tchernitsa OI,...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 06:20

... protein kinase A; CYP17A1: 17α-hydroxylase/C17-20 lyase cytochrome P450; StAR: steroidogenic acute regulatory protein; ERK: extracellular-signal regulated kinase; MAPK: mitogen activated protein kinase; ... phosphorylation and activation of protein kinase B (PKB/Akt) and serum and glucocorticoid-lnduced kinase (Sgk): evidence for A kinase- independent signaling by FSH in granulosa cells Mol Endocrinol ... Nevertheless, LH reportedly activates the extracellular-signal-regulated kinases (ERK)/mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway in ovarian granulosa and theca cells [12] Although FSH and...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 07:20

... through p38 MAPK-mediated actions The role of p38 MAPK in the regulation of proliferation has been extensively studied [23]; however, the relationship varies with cell type For example, p38 MAPK ... requires both p38 and BMK1 MAP kinases Arch Biochem Biophys 2002, 400:199-207 Maher P: Phorbol esters inhibit fibroblast growth factor-2stimulated fibroblast proliferation by a p38 MAP kinase dependent ... differential localization, and regulation of the stress-activated protein kinases, extracellular signal-regulated kinase, c-JUN N-terminal kinase, and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase, in synovial tissue...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 01:23

... increase of luciferase activity in the liver Effect of the MAP kinase inhibitors on IκBα induction by LPS We examined the effect of MAP kinase inhibitors SB203580, PD098059 and SP600125 on LPS-induced ... that the SB203580 dose used in our study had an inhibitory effect on p38 MAP kinase activation We also showed that the ERK MAP kinase inhibitor PD098059 at 10 mg/kg Page of (page number not for ... driven by the IκBα promoter We observed a ubiquitous expression and induction of IκBα in the IκBα-luc transgenic mice by LPS We demonstrated involvement of both the NF-κB and the p38 MAP kinase...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 08:21

... mediated by growth factor or cytokine induced mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), a family of serinethreonine protein MAPKs consist of extracellular signalregulated kinase (ERK), p38 MAPK (p38) , ... blocked by the inhibition of ERK and JNK, but not by the inhibition of p38 and phosphatidylinositol 3kinase (PI3K) The evidences given emphasize that there is a stimulatory interaction between MAPK ... some differences in the time required for activation of MAPKs after TGF-β1 stimulation amongst the MAPKs P38 and JNK were rapidly activated by TGF-β1, which was as early as minute However, the activation...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 16:20

... CDK4 by Src family kinases Using the CDK4 pY17 antibody, we developed a 96-well plate format kinase assay to detect Y17 kinases The 13mer non-phosphopeptide was used as the substrate for the kinase( s), ... CDK4 Y17 kinases from HeLa cell extracts, and found that the cellular phosphorylation of CDK4 on Y17 is mediated by Src family kinases Results Detection of CDK4 Y17 phosphorylation and kinase activity ... of CDK4 Y17 kinases Purification of C-YES as a CDK4 Y17 kinase A five-step procedure was used to purify Y17 kinases from HeLa nuclei (Table 1) After each purification step, the Y17 kinase activities...

Ngày tải lên: 18/02/2014, 18:20

... phosphorylation by SFKs, such as Src and Fyn kinases [14–16] However, the mechanism by which NMDARs are regulated by SFKs is still not completely understood To determine how NMDARs are regulated by Src kinase, ... Src kinase regulation by phosphorylation and dephosphorylation Biochem Biophys Res Commun 331, 1–14 Kohr G & Seeburg PH (1996) Subtype-specific regulation of recombinant NMDA receptor-channels by ... (v-Fps) tyrosine kinase [30,31] Recent detailed investigations showed that, in active Fps kinase, the SH2 domain tightly interacts with the kinase N-terminal lobe, and positions the kinase aC helix...

Ngày tải lên: 06/03/2014, 01:20

... either by the intervention of another (contaminant) kinase, copurified with Bud32p, or, alternatively, by residual activity of the mutant proteins, which would still be able to catalyze the kinase ... Phosphorylation and activation of the atypical kinase p53-related protein kinase (PRPK) by Akt ⁄ PKB Cell Mol Life Sci 64, 2680–2689 18 Sobko A (2006) Systems biology of AGC kinases in fungi Sci STKE 352, re9, ... induced by osmotic stress [24] Sch9p is also regulated by TOR complex 1, which phosphorylates several amino acids situated in its C-terminal sequence [25] Recent data have implicated the PAS kinase...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 04:20

... GST-fusion proteins were purified by using the glutathione Sepharose affinity column and the pure mutated 3CL proteases were further obtained by in-gel thrombin-cleavage followed by FPLC gel-filtration purification ... FEBS J Shi and J Song SARS 3C-like protease regulation by its extra domain Fig The structural properties of the wildtype and mutated 3CLp assessed by 1D 1H NMR One-dimensional 1H NMR spectra ... tertiary packing are indicated by arrows FEBS Journal 273 (2006) 1035–1045 ª 2006 The Authors Journal compilation ª 2006 FEBS 1039 SARS 3C-like protease regulation by its extra domain J Shi and...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 12:20

... glycogen synthase kinase- 3 from rabbit skeletal muscle is inactivated by p70, S6 kinase or MAP kinase- activated protein kinase- 1 in vitro FEBS Lett 338, 37–42 29 Klein PS & Melton DA (1996) A ... the mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK) inhibitor, U0126 [32,33] Therefore, the role of the MAPK pathway in regulating PDK mRNA expression was investigated by incubating myoblasts for ... mechanism by which glucose deprivation elicits these changes in expression A recent study by Furuyama et al [41] suggests that upregulation of PDK4 mRNA expression in C2C12 cells may be induced by the...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 17:20

... growth phase by centrifugation, and ruptured by sonication Cell debris was removed by a 10 centrifugation (14 000 g) and the supernatant was used in assays ATCase activity was determined by a radiometric ... defective in regulation of expression by pyrimidines J Bacteriol 178, 2351–2355 Ghim S-Y & Switzer RL (1996) Mutations in B subtilis PyrR, the pyr regulatory protein with defects in regulation by pyrimidines ... ATCase levels by guanosine was not observed, although strong repression by uridine was observed These results indicate that guanosine uptake and ⁄ or conversion to nucleotides is repressed by growth...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 06:20

... formation, because it is abolished by manoalide or low U73122 It is also inhibited by cAMP elevation with PGE1, in part due to reduced InsP3 formation (probably by phospholipase C inhibition) and ... spiking not by increasing the InsP3 level but by potentiating InsP3 receptor-mediated Ca2+ release This may explain why the Ca2+ response with thimerosal is only partially inhibitable by PGE1 The ... receptors, even when induced by agents such as U73122 and thimerosal that not cause InsP3 formation The platelet InsP3 receptors are subjected to extensive regulation by at least four factors: (a)...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 17:20

... transcriptional regulation FXR together with RXR form a heterodimer that subsequently binds to FXRE elements of bile acid-sensitive genes Regulation of Bsep promoter function by drugs Fig Binding ... P1 genomic DNA library (Genome Systems) by PCR Each strand of the 5¢ flanking region of the Bsep gene was directly sequenced (Epidauros, Bernried, Germany) by automated sequencing The sequence was ... assessed by transfection of the full length construct p-1453 into HepG2 cells and subsequent treatment of these cells with various compounds The promoter activity was significantly reduced by rifampin...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 23:20

... mechanism of regulation of HGFA by PCI in vitro, a possible role of PCI in liver regeneration triggered by HGFA in the mouse model, and clinical data related to the regulation of HGFA by PCI in ... 2010 FEBS K Suzuki HGFA: its regulation by protein C inhibitor A39339) were compared with the PDB structures of trypsin and serpin, respectively, and this was followed by standard homology modeling ... HGFA: its regulation by protein C inhibitor K Suzuki PCI, we hypothesize that heparin does not affect PCI inhibition of HGFA To confirm this hypothesis, we compared the inhibition of HGFA by recombinant...

Ngày tải lên: 22/03/2014, 21:21

... mammalian mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) kinase (MEK)-MAPK cell survival signals Cell Growth Differ 12, 397–408 Roovers K & Assoian RK (2000) Integrating the MAP kinase signal into the G1 phase ... 875–885 Thomas G (1992) MAP kinase by any other name smells just as sweet Cell 68, 3–6 1678 ´ Chambard J, Lefloch R, Pouyssegur J & Lenormand P (2007) ERK implication in cell cycle regulation Biochim ... this poisoning [25] This reflects the large panel of targets affected by cadmium Kinases such as P38, ERK and Jun N-terminal kinase have been shown to play a role in this cadmium poisoning However,...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 06:20