raw water processing and wastewater treatment pdf

... effort in the fulfillment of man’s needs.9 Conveying water and wastewater to and from process equipment is an integral part of the water and wastewater industry that requires energy consumption The ... which the water or wastewater is raised, the length and diameter of the conveying conduits, the rate of flow, and the water or wastewater s physical properties (in particular, viscosity and density) ... transferring water or wastewater is not required For example, when water or wastewater flows to a lower elevation under the influence of gravity, a partial transformation of the water or wastewater s...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 10:22

... shown in Table 10.3 10.10 WATER AND WASTEWATER CHEMICALS AND CHEMICAL PROCESSES In order to operate a water/ wastewater treatment process correctly and safely, water/ wastewater operators need to ... Adsorption Coagulation Taste and odor removal (water treatment) Water softening Recarbonation Ion exchange softening Scale and corrosion control 302 Handbook of Water and Wastewater Treatment Plant Operations ... into the water Lime softening of hard water supersaturates the water with calcium carbonate and may have a pH of greater than 10 Because of this, 304 Handbook of Water and Wastewater Treatment...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 10:22

... 336 Handbook of Water and Wastewater Treatment Plant Operations poison travels from link to link of the food chain and soon the birds of the lake margins become victims We spray our elms and the ... stones, logs, leaves, and other underwater objects, such as discarded tires, bottles, pipes, etc Organisms in this group are primarily composed 352 Handbook of Water and Wastewater Treatment Plant ... phosphate conditions Larger animals found in slow moving streams and rivers include newts, tadpoles, and 354 Handbook of Water and Wastewater Treatment Plant Operations frogs As mentioned, the important...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 10:22

... Spellman’s Standard Handbook for Wastewater Operators, Vol 1, Technomic Publ., Lancaster, PA, 1999.) 400 Handbook of Water and Wastewater Treatment Plant Operations State and local water quality ... and FIGURE 14.10 Plankton net (From Spellman, F.R., Spellman’s Standard Handbook for Wastewater Operators, Vol 1, Technomic Publ., Lancaster, PA, 1999.) 398 Handbook of Water and Wastewater Treatment ... Spellman’s Standard Handbook for Wastewater Operators, Vol 1, Technomic Publ., Lancaster, PA, 1999.) © 2003 by CRC Press LLC 404 Handbook of Water and Wastewater Treatment Plant Operations 14.3.8 STANDARDIZATION...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 10:22

... 458 Handbook of Water and Wastewater Treatment Plant Operations d Management of point- and nonpoint-source pollution e Impacts on land /water/ air relationships f Health risks Water management and ... stockpiles and finished areas) and chemical control (i.e., 460 Handbook of Water and Wastewater Treatment Plant Operations proper storage, handling, application and covering, and isolation of materials) ... 16.8 WATERSHED MANAGEMENT PRACTICES Watershed management practices include land acquisitions, land use controls, and best management practices (BMPs) Land acquisition refers to the purchase of watershed...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 10:22

... Solids, and Volatile Solids Wastewater Suspended Solids and Volatile Suspended Solids Biosolids Volume Index (BVI) and Biosolids Density Index (BDI) WATER/ WASTEWATER LAB Ideally, waterworks and wastewater ... residual, and biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) seeded tests, to name a few The standard reference for performing wastewater testing is contained in Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, ... Mathematics for Water/ Wastewater Treatment Plant Operators WASTEWATER SUSPENDED SOLIDS AND VOLATILE SUSPENDED SOLIDS Total suspended solids (TSS) are the amount of filterable solids in a wastewater sample...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 13:22

... again, to prevent the water from bypassing 36 WATER AND WASTEWATER TREATMENT TECHNOLOGIES the sand The sand for a SSF needs to be clean and uniform, and of the correct size The sand can be cleaned ... treating and purifymg wastewaters The book attempts to provide as wide a coverage as possible those technologies applicable to both water (e.g., drinking water) and wastewater (Le., industrial and ... changing, and cost-effective, energy-saving solutions to water treatment require innovative solutions xii Chapter AN OVERVIEW OF WATER AND WASTE= WATER TREATMENT INTRODUCTION We may organize water treatment...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 18:11

... security of their critical water and wastewater infrastructure The nation’s water and wastewater infrastructure consisting of several thousand publicly owned water and wastewater treatment plants, more ... 4.17 Water/ Wastewater Operations: Math and Technical Aspects Water and Wastewater Math Operations Introduction Calculation Steps Table of Equivalents, Formulae, and Symbols Typical Water and Wastewater ... testing, water sources, and watershed protection All of these important topics are thoroughly discussed in Handbook of Water and Wastewater Treatment Plant Operations Though directed at water and wastewater...

Ngày tải lên: 01/04/2014, 11:46

... Drinking Water Quality? 673 Chapter Review Questions 674 References and Suggested Reading 676 Section V  Wastewater and Wastewater Treatment Chapter 21 Wastewater ... water and wastewater operations are listed by the Department of Homeland Security as one of this nation’s 13 critical infrastructures, water and wastewater practitioners must realize and understand ... biomonitoring, sampling and testing, water sources, and watershed protection All of these important topics are thoroughly discussed in the second edition of the Handbook of Water and Wastewater Treatment Plant...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 11:32

... again, to prevent the water from bypassing 36 WATER AND WASTEWATER TREATMENT TECHNOLOGIES the sand The sand for a SSF needs to be clean and uniform, and of the correct size The sand can be cleaned ... treating and purifymg wastewaters The book attempts to provide as wide a coverage as possible those technologies applicable to both water (e.g., drinking water) and wastewater (Le., industrial and ... changing, and cost-effective, energy-saving solutions to water treatment require innovative solutions xii Chapter AN OVERVIEW OF WATER AND WASTE= WATER TREATMENT INTRODUCTION We may organize water treatment...

Ngày tải lên: 31/07/2014, 05:20

... bacteria in the wetlands is shown in Figure Wetlands can be of two types: natural wetlands and constructed wetlands Both natural and constructed wetlands have been used for wastewater treatment, although ... Municipal Wastewater, Office of Water Program Operation, EPA/COE/USDA, EPA 625/1-77-008, October 1977 Sanks, R.L and T Asano (Eds.), Land Treatment and Disposal of Municipal and Industrial Wastewater, ... Metcalf and Eddy, Inc., Wastewater Engineering: Treatment, Disposal and Reuse, McGraw-Hill, Inc., New York, NY, 1991 Bastian, R.K and S.C Reed (Eds.), Aquaculture Systems for Wastewater Treatment: ...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 20:20

... security of their critical water and wastewater infrastructure The nation’s water and wastewater infrastructure consisting of several thousand publicly owned water and wastewater treatment plants, more ... 4.17 Water/ Wastewater Operations: Math and Technical Aspects Water and Wastewater Math Operations Introduction Calculation Steps Table of Equivalents, Formulae, and Symbols Typical Water and Wastewater ... testing, water sources, and watershed protection All of these important topics are thoroughly discussed in Handbook of Water and Wastewater Treatment Plant Operations Though directed at water and wastewater...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 10:22

... to water and wastewater operators is their working conditions Water and wastewater treatment plant operators work indoors and outdoors in all kinds of weather Operators’ work is physically demanding ... operate and monitor electrical, mechanical, and electronic processing and security equipment through central and remote terminal locations in a solids processing, water purification or wastewater treatment ... biological treatment, sludge/biosolids treatment, biosolids land application and disposal, and flow measurements Correspondence courses covering both water and wastewater operations and preparation...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 10:22

... 4 Water and Wastewater Math Operations To operate a waterworks and/ or a wastewater treatment plant, and to pass the examination for an operator’s license, ... used, and the waterworks /wastewater operator should be familiar with both 4.5 MEASUREMENTS: AREAS AND VOLUMES Water and wastewater operators are often required to calculate surface areas and volumes ... CHEMICAL DOSAGE CALCULATIONS Chemicals are used extensively in water and wastewater treatment plant operations Water and wastewater treatment plant operators add chemicals to various unit processes...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 10:22

... applications and is widely used in water and wastewater treatment operations Applications include providing electrical energy in plant vehicles and emergency diesel generators; material handling equipment ... of current flow and resistance are explained Consider the water tanks shown in Figure 6.11 — two water tanks connected by a pipe and valve At first, the valve is closed and all the water is in Tank ... used the water analogy to help us understand potential difference We can also use the water analogy to help us understand current flow through a simple electric circuit Figure 6.12 shows a water...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 10:22

... Pumping Applications Raw water and wastewater, secondary sludge return and wasting, settled primary and thickened sludge, effluent Scum, grit, sludge and raw water and wastewater Lubricating oils, ... solutions, small flows of water and wastewater Grit, settled primary and secondary sludges, thickened sludge, raw wastewater Chemical solution Scum and primary, secondary, and settled sludges; chemical ... in water and wastewater treatment would exceed the limitations of this handbook Therefore, the discussion of pump applications is limited to those that occur most frequently in water and wastewater...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 10:22

... system In 246 Handbook of Water and Wastewater Treatment Plant Operations Manufacturing Process Wastewater 60 PSIG Reclaimed wastewater Wastewater Treatment Process 30 PSIG Public water supply ... piping, and how to maintain them 8.4.1 NONMETALLIC PIPING MATERIALS Nonmetallic piping materials used in water and wastewater applications include clay (wastewater) , concrete (water and wastewater) , ... pipe (water and wastewater) , and plastic (water and wastewater) Other nonmetallic piping materials include glass (chemical porcelain pipe) and wood (continuous-strip wooden pipes for carrying water...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 10:22

... problem, the bubbler tube should be cleaned, the airflow adjusted, and grease removed from the assembly 288 Handbook of Water and Wastewater Treatment Plant Operations In another type of measuring device, ... FILL The mathematical procedure for determining flow in gallons/minute is: 286 Handbook of Water and Wastewater Treatment Plant Operations TABLE 9.1 Types of Flow Measurement Devices Typical Usea ... 284 Handbook of Water and Wastewater Treatment Plant Operations A Rectangle weir Head Weir crest Crest length B Triangular...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 10:22

... disinfection, direct recycling of wastewater and the practice of land application of wastewater is a cause of concern.13 380 Handbook of Water and Wastewater Treatment Plant Operations 13.4.4.3 ... to both wastewater and natural waters and are important in establishing and controlling water quality Inorganic load in water is the result of discharges of treated and untreated wastewater, various ... selected water uses; the following sections provide a brief discussion of these parameters 13.4.1 PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND WASTEWATER OF WATER The physical characteristics of water and wastewater...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 10:22

... of gravity, and becomes groundwater Groundwater, like surface water, is extremely important to the hydrologic cycle and to our water supplies 444 Handbook of Water and Wastewater Treatment Plant ... quantity and quality of the existing water supply Surface water is also generally softer (not mineral-laden), which makes its treatment much simpler 440 Handbook of Water and Wastewater Treatment ... storing water is to meet peak demands and to store water to meet demands when the flow of the source is below the demand Raw water is stored in natural storage sites (such as lakes, muskeg, and tundra...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 10:22