radiation doses from medical imaging and uncertainty in cancer risks

... ch02 FA CHAPTER Medical Imaging and Image Formation Atam P Dhawan Medical imaging involves a good understanding of imaging medium and object, physics of imaging, instrumentation, and often computerized ... PRINCIPLES AND ADVANCED METHODS IN MEDICAL IMAGING AND IMAGE ANALYSIS This page intentionally left blank PRINCIPLES AND ADVANCED METHODS IN MEDICAL IMAGING AND IMAGE ANALYSIS ... Physics Principle of Imaging Physics of Imaging Physiology and Understanding of Imaging Medium Imaging Instrumentation Energy-Source Physics Data Acquisition Image Reconstruction Image Processing New...

Ngày tải lên: 05/06/2014, 11:52

... Clinical Imaging 1.5.1 High-Resolution SPECT Imaging I S.2 Planar Imaging from Semiconductor Detectors 1.5.3 Attenuation Corrected Imaging References Chapter POSITRON EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY 8.1 Introduction ... sub-specialities in Medical Imaging I wanted to be addressed Intentionally, this book‘s coverage is limited to Ionizing Radiation Detectors; thus Ultrasound, Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Spectroscopy and ... School in Medical Physics, University of Pisa, Italy His research activities in the last 25 years have been in the field of Medical Physics, and particularly in medical imaging for radiology and...

Ngày tải lên: 06/03/2014, 12:20

... antinociceptive, neuroprotective and anti -in ammatory properties in different experimental models [30–35] Ebselen inhibits leukocyte in ltration and activation, leading to elimination of H2O2 in ... excessive in ammation, leading to cell and tissue damage [13,14] In extreme instances, such as endotoxin shock, neutrophils kill the infected host [15] It is therefore important to eliminate ROS from ... inhibits a number of enzymes involved in inflammation, such as lipoxygenases, nitric oxide synthases, NADPH oxidase, protein kinase C, and H+ ⁄ K+-ATPase [24] Ebselen inhibits O2– generation from...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 07:20

... Junyi Zhang and Shuqian Luo 330 Workshops Legal, Ethical and Social Issues in Medical Imaging and Informatics What ELSE? Regulation and Compliance in Medical Imaging and Medical Informatics ... discrepancies and learning from other specialists 16 H Pohjonen, P Ross, and J.(H.) Blickman Feedback – both from radiologists but also from clinicians - is essential in building and maintaining trust in ... Ionian Cooperation in Biomedical Engineering) and ALADIN (Alpe Adria Initiative Universities Network), and the institutions - about 60 health-care and industrial enterprises and governmental agencies...

Ngày tải lên: 29/03/2014, 11:20

... encouraging with only two documented infield recurrences F18-fluoroethylcholine/11C-choline have been developed as imaging probes in PET imaging [7] It might be helpful in target volume definition in ... resulting in an increased uptake of choline imitating cancer growth [14] Conclusions F18-fluoroethylcholine-PET/CT could be helpful in dose escalation in prostate cancer allowing boost doses ... volume In intermediate and high risk patients with primary disease, the prostate gland and seminal vesicles were included up to a maximum dose of 66,6 Gy In case of involvement of the seminal vesicles,...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 09:20

... IDU in Tanzania and refer them to voluntary counseling and testing (VCT) and HIV and drug treatment [57] Addiction services are available from NGOs and mental health and family counseling, and in ... prevalence in 2008 and harm reduction resources in sub-Saharan Africa [33,55,56] (Continued) NGO(s) involved in rehabilitation PEPFAR/USAID providing referral for voluntary HIV counseling and testing and ... ever injected drugs [23] Patterns of heroin injecting vary from daily or intermittent use for most Nigerian IDU to frequent binging in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania [13,28] Heroin use now occurs in most...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 18:20

... specifying relationships in setting and maintaining standards of indebtedness Central banks stand ‘somewhere’ between government and the private sector, said a Deputy-Governor of the Bank of England ... organisations in chains of relationships about promises – diverts the analytical focus from those chains of relationships and the institutional world in which they are formed and sustained And when individuals ... is in ating or disinflating), money always involves unequal relations between creditors and debtors In ation most hurts consumers with no debts living on fixed savings or unindexed pensions, and...

Ngày tải lên: 01/11/2014, 18:46

... absorption or scattering and offer promising clinical application especially in the area of cancer imaging by increasingly proving themselves to offer alternative angles in examining the same biological ... use in laboratory research or clinical imaging of pathological conditions such as cancer, optical imaging finds its niche in providing subcellular resolution which is a pre-requisite for imaging ... any prior staining [14, 15] These high-resolution optical imaging systems are emerging clinical imaging modalities that allow real-time, non-invasive imaging of epithelial tissue in situ at the...

Ngày tải lên: 11/09/2015, 09:02

... eBookstore at: and the Springer Global Website Online at: http://ebooks.springerlink.com http://www.springeronline.com Preface Rapid technical advances in medical imaging, including its growing application ... the fact that medical imaging is increasingly moving from a primarily diagnostic modality towards a therapeutic and interventional aid, driven by recent advances in minimal-access and robotic-assisted ... drug/gene therapy and invasive/interventional procedures, have attracted significant interest in close integration of research in life sciences, medicine, physical sciences and engineering This is...

Ngày tải lên: 06/12/2015, 06:51

... (Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine) The baseline encoding is defined by the DICOM Standards Committee in "Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine" DICOM Definition Digital Imaging ... session and continues through to the first instance of the Volume Descriptor Set Terminator Adding, replacing or deleting files from the disc is accomplished by opening a new session and writing ... Composite Format and Cartridge Standard ISO/IEC 10089 Continuous Composite Format and Cartridge Standard ECMA-184 and ISO/IEC 13549 Continuous Composite Format and Cartridge Standard ECMA-201 and ISO/IEC...

Ngày tải lên: 25/08/2016, 19:16

... ATP binding site serves as a docking site for specific binding of cytoplasmic signaling proteins containing Src homology-2 (SH2) and protein tyrosine binding (PTB) domains These proteins in turn ... tyrosine kinase inhibitors Inhibiting the activity of tyrosine kinases by low molecular weight compounds capable of interfering with either ligand binding (in the case of receptor tyrosine kinases) ... carcinoma Bladder cancer Glioblastoma multiforme Autocrine-paracrine loop Glioma Autocrine-paracrine loop PDGFR and PDGF IGFR and IGF I and II Breast cancer Table Protein kinase inhibitors in clinical...

Ngày tải lên: 03/11/2012, 09:57

... needed for conducting, reporting, and interpreting randomized clinical trials This knowledge cannot be inferred from an understanding of conventional experimental design in the social and behavioral ... randomization, introducing bias Forty patients were each initially randomized to intervention and control conditions In the intervention group, patient was excluded owing to death, owing to incomplete ... emphasized reducing denial while preserving hope, completing unfinished business, and taking an active role in treatment decisions, but “above all else, simply listening, understanding, and sometimes...

Ngày tải lên: 15/02/2014, 05:20

... 1-6 main chains and 1-4 branchings, and the more common 1-3 main chains and 1-6 branchings.18 This fraction also is highly active in vitro and in animal models of cancer, although activity in these ... made using hot water following Lentinan from Shiitake an enzyme pretreatment; it contains polysacLentinan, produced from the Shiitake charides, amino acids, and minerals, and is mushroom Lentinus ... predict anticancer efficacy in humans Maitake D-Fraction has been used in a few exploratory studies in cancer patients.17 In 1994, a group from China published in abstract form their findings from a...

Ngày tải lên: 06/03/2014, 02:21

... the uncertainty in the time interval when the shutter is open In this way Heisenberg’s uncertainty was restored and Einstein’s thought experiment was refuted 20 From Certainty to Uncertainty Increasingly ... only uncertainty, according to Einstein, lay in our inability or lack of ingenuity in measuring the objective properties of such systems When Bohr and Einstein met at the Solvay conference in 1930, ... From Certainty to Uncertainty Blackbody Radiation If Einstein stood for an objective and independent reality what was Niels Bohr’s position? Bohr was an extremely subtle thinker and his writings...

Ngày tải lên: 09/04/2014, 16:38

... Institute, China in 1982; his MSc from China University of Mining and Technology in 1984; and his PhD from the University of Nottingham, United Kingdom in 1994 His research interests include image/video ... Networks Z Q Wu, Jianmin Jiang, and Y H Peng Evolutionary Computing and Its Use in Medical Imaging Lars Nolle and Gerald Schaefer 27 Rough Sets in Medical Imaging: Foundations and Trends Aboul Ella ... reduced to randomly walking through search space 1 Before spinning FIGURE 2.8: Roulette wheel selection After spinning Evolutionary Computing and Its Use in Medical Imaging 35 2 3 Before spinning FIGURE...

Ngày tải lên: 29/04/2014, 09:47

... 3DCRT [8,16,17] In our study, in addition to these findings, we found IMRT capable of reducing small bowel volumes receiving potentially toxicity-inducing intermediate- and low-dose irradiation, at ... were employed for final dose calculations The final IMRT plans were independently reviewed and deemed clinically acceptable by both a gastrointestinal clinical physicist and radiation oncologist ... Chemoradiotherapy Utilizing Intensity Moldulated Radiation Therapy (IMRT) in Combination with Capecitabine and Oxaliplatin for Patients with Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer [http://www.rtog.org/ClinicalTrials/ProtocolTable/StudyDetails.aspx?...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 09:20

Ngày tải lên: 31/07/2015, 20:17

... science And if physics involves uncertainty, how much more uncertainty is there in medicine? Human beings are much more uncertain than atoms and electrons The practical results of statistics in medicine ... double-blinding is the usual means of handling measurement bias Randomization is the best means of addressing confounding bias, and blinding the means for measurement bias While blinding is important, ... medicine are undeniable If nothing else had been achieved but two things – in the nineteenth century, the end of bleeding, purging, and leeching as a result of Louis’ studies (Louis, 1835); and in...

Ngày tải lên: 24/09/2012, 09:06

... locating the earthquake Some of them were medical doctors, including surgeons and emergency medicine physicians The airport was full of casualties needing medical attention and there was a continuous ... lack of standardized disaster medical teams.” Another expert mentioned that “Due to the lack of structured medical teams, untrained medical volunteers that were involved in rescuing and caring for ... collection, analysis, revision, editing and manuscript writing HK was involved in the conception and design of study and took an active part in the data analysis and results interpretation GO participated...

Ngày tải lên: 25/10/2012, 09:56

... responsibility for staff training by conducting disaster and disaster-related courses and training The involvement of the same people in both planning for emergencies and disasters, training the staff for ... the duration and intensity of consequent activities varied The data concerning the increase in mass-gatherings and sport events in the region are vital for planning and distributing the regional ... teenagers The following investigation revealed certain short-comings regarding the medical response, recognizing the need of a regional point of contact ("POC") and command and control centre...

Ngày tải lên: 25/10/2012, 09:56