ptgs in plants and small rnas

... domains In vitro it interacts with poly(G) and poly(U) RNAs, as well as with importin α/β and transportin Fragments of the protein containing these docking sites acted as dominant-negative inhibitors ... movement is determined by Ran, a small GTP-binding protein (reviewed in refs 22, 48 and 50) NPC structure includes soluble proteins, termed nucleoporins (nups) and integral membrane proteins, termed ... The following gives an overview over the motifs mapped in different nuclear proteins, including transcription factors, DNA- and RNA-binding proteins, viral proteins, kinases, and kinase adapters...

Ngày tải lên: 08/04/2014, 12:52

... Professor since 1969 and as Emeritus since 1995 His interest in Phytochemistry was stimulated during a stay in 1959 in Cambridge, UK, working with L.W Mapson, T Swain and J Friend, while also learning ... is difficult Surprisingly, early work by Robinson and his co-workers indicate the presence of only a single PPO gene in grape vine (Dry and Robinson, 1994) 3.2 Methyl jasmonate and PPO The response ... wisdom and charm of Robin Hill Throughout the years he has pursued his interests in plant metabolism, including biochemistry of seed germination, polyphenol oxidases and in recent years, infection...

Ngày tải lên: 18/05/2014, 20:23

... Characterization of internal DNA-binding and C-terminal dimerization domains of human centromere/kinetochore autoantigen CENP-C in vitro: role of DNA-binding and self-associating activities in kinetochore ... DNA is rapidly evolving in plants and animals, so adaptation of the major centromere DNAbinding proteins would maintain an interface with the conserved kinetochore machinery Indeed, regions of ... in regions that have been implicated in DNA binding [9,11] No positive selection was observed for the poorly mapped carboxy-terminal DNA-binding domain in our slidingwindow analysis, suggesting...

Ngày tải lên: 06/08/2014, 18:21

... proteins differ in plants and animals A subset of animal and plant START proteins contain an amino-terminal PH domain, which is found in a wide variety of eukaryotic proteins implicated in signaling ... START domains are also found in various multidomain proteins implicated in signal transduction [2], suggesting a regulatory role for START-domain proteins involving lipid/sterol binding To investigate ... exclusively in proteins from humans, mouse and rat, and therefore seems to have evolved in the mammalian lineage In humans, about half of the START domain-containing proteins (6/15) are multidomain proteins,...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 20:20

... heterogeneous small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) As regulatory relationships are refined, the precision and phasing of hairpin processing may increase Shortening of the hairpin to produce a single defined ... Major biogenesis pathways of small RNAs from inverted repeat transcripts in plants and animals (a) In plants, canonical microRNAs (miRNAs) are produced by the nuclear RNase III Dicer-like1 (DCL1), ... that perfect inverted repeat transcripts are readily accepted by small RNA biogenesis pathways Interestingly, there exists a clear continuum of hairpin-derived small RNAs in plants, ranging from...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 22:24

... understand literal and transparent meaning 4.4 SIMILARITIES AND DIFFERENCES IN ENGLISH AND of an English and Vietnamese idiom containing TsFPs because its VIETNAMESE IDIOMS CONTAINING TsFPs meaning ... basis of real-world In translation, understanding idioms in general and idioms situation, history allusion and cultural background containing TsFPs in particular as well as finding the translational ... English idioms containing TsFPs into Vietnamese: + Interpreting the denotative meaning of the given idiom containing TsFPs in the source language + Clarifying the connotative meaning of the idiom...

Ngày tải lên: 26/11/2013, 13:28

... receiver domain and a long C-terminal part containing a single-repeat MYB-type DNAbinding domain (Sakai et al 1998) called a GARP domain (Riechmann et al 2000) and the proline- and glutamine-rich ... harpin-induced 1) was increased in tobacco leaves On the other hand, spermine induces mitochondrial dysfunction and activation of SA-induced protein kinase (SIPK) and wound-induced protein kinase ... Furthermore, minimal binding domain of BRI1 was determined using binding assays and recombinant BRI1 fragments (Kinoshita et al 2005) In other plant species, it was also shown that mutations in BRI1...

Ngày tải lên: 14/02/2014, 12:20

... neutrophils, and eccrine glands [13] Cathelicidins kill Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and Trypanosoma cruzi Similar to defensins, cathelicidins participate actively in linking innate and adaptive ... numbers in the locus of b-defensin in chromosome As a result of this deficiency in a-defensins and b-defensins, luminal microbes invade the mucosa and trigger in ammation [104] Concluding remarks Initially ... b-defensins participate in the triggering of an immune response and in the natural process of elimination of activated antigen-presenting cells and termination of the immune response [90] Healing Infection...

Ngày tải lên: 18/02/2014, 06:20

... USA) and transformed into E coli for protein induction Extracts prepared from cells induced for h were shown to contain a six-histidine C-terminal-tagged OsRPA14 fusion protein The OsRPA14 protein ... soluble in the presence of m urea Soluble fractions were loaded on to columns containing 10 mL His-Bind resin (Novagen) The columns were washed with 50 mL binding buffer containing m urea and then ... CM (1998) Interaction of human rad51 recombination protein with single-stranded DNA binding protein, RPA Nucleic Acids Res 26, 5388–5393 17 Stauffer ME & Chazin WJ (2004) Physical interaction...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 21:20

... bradykinin, and also inhibit and break down bradykinin In rural areas, a mixture of A vera and engine oil (lubricant) is used to heal wounds A vera is a perennial herb that originates in the tropics and ... inflammatory skin disorders.4 It has anti-allergy and anti- 164 inflammatory properties because of glycoproteins and anthraquinones, which block the regeneration of thromboxanes and bradykinin, ... this invaluable and sustainable form of indigenous knowledge within the local communities This can be achieved through conducting workshops, farmer meetings, and field days.14 Although the findings...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 09:20

... modulated by lumican-evoked signaling, including vinculin and focal adhesion kinase [82] Lumican alters the relationship between actin filaments and b1 integrin, which in turn would affect focal adhesion ... detail In analogy to decorin, lumican inhibits tumor cell growth in soft agar by increasing the expression of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21WAF1 [72] Again, similar to decorin, these ... overlapping with the EGF-binding domain [32] The structural constraints of the EGFR binding region support a stochiometry of : for the decorin protein core and EGFR, suggesting that decorin is biologically...

Ngày tải lên: 15/03/2014, 23:20

... GAL4 DNA-binding domain with CfEcR ligand-binding domain cloned under the control of the 35S promoter in the pKYLX80 vector A fusion of VP16 activation domain and LmRXR ligand-binding domain cloned ... activity in the absence of ligand and lower induced luciferase activity in the presence of ligand The transgenic plants containing the CfEcR:LmRXR switch showed a similar meth- Time course studies in ... Interestingly, an increase in the ligandinduced activity of this switch containing the improved Kozak sequence was not accompanied by an increase in background activity in the absence of ligand Therefore,...

Ngày tải lên: 15/03/2014, 23:20

... the PQ–cyt b6f complex and ⁄ or the ferredoxin ⁄ thioredoxin system (Fig 3) The interplay between the kinases and their substrates integrates these varying redox signals and initiates appropriate ... reduction in seed production, indicating synergistic effects when both kinases are lacking [9] Additional interesting results were obtained by some gene-expression studies The lack of LTR in the ... abiotic and biotic in uences, light is highly variable in its intensity and its quality on both a shortterm timescale (in the range of seconds to minutes) and a long-term timescale (in the range...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 06:20

... germinating the seeds collected from the in ltrated plants on a medium containing 50 mgÆL)1 kanamycin Resistant T1 plants surviving on kanamycin-containing medium were transferred to soil and then ... domain fused to a DNAbinding domain (DBD) and a ligand-binding domain (LBD) The chimeric gene (transactivation domain– DBD–LBD) is expressed under the control of a constitutive promoter In the ... 35S:AtZFP11-expressing lines Both Arabidopsis and tobacco transgenic plants showed low AtZFP11 expression in the absence of ligand, and induced expression levels were higher than the levels detected in transgenic...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 06:20

... pairing of the interchain disulfide bridges in the recombinant sample [11] The kinetics of the N-terminal arms swapping in the P19A-BSRNase is comparable to that of BS-RNase (Fig 5B) Interestingly, ... capacity taking into account the instrument calibration curve and the buffer–buffer scanning curve, and by dividing each data point by the scan rate and the protein molar concentration in the sample ... linked to Cys31 and 32, followed by air oxidation and gel filtration on Sephadex G-75 to obtain the corresponding dimers We obtained 80% of dimer for both BS-RNase and P19A-BSRNase, whereas in...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 23:20

... containing single ribobucleotide and RNA ⁄ DNA hybrid with comparable efficiency, like Tk-RNase HII does Kinetic parameters of Sc-RNase H2* and Tk-RNase HII were determined by using [rA]1 and [rA]4 ... positions of the amino acid residues relative to the initiator methionine for each protein constructed The corresponding mutations (Leu60 fi Arg in Hs-RNASEH2B and Arg69 fi Trp in Hs-RNASEH2C) are not ... results indicate that Tk-G10A and Tk-G10S are functional both in vivo and in vitro, whereas Tk-G10L and Tk-G10P are not functional either in vivo or in vitro The kinetic parameters of Tk-G10A and...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 17:20

... attract insect pollinators, giving CYP77A6 an indirect role in reproduction It is possible that the introduction of in- chain hydroxyl allows cross-linking of cutin, leading to reticulation and strengthening ... part overlapping Indeed, ectopic overexpression of CYP86A1 in Arabidopsis resulted in the production of C22–C24 x-hydroxy FA and diacids in stems cutin in addition to a major increase in C16–C18 ... x-hydroxylation x-hydroxylation in- chain hydroxylation in- chain hydroxylation x-hydroxylation x-hydroxylation in- chain hydroxylation Epoxidation Epoxidation in- chain hydroxylation in- chain hydroxylation x-hydroxylation...

Ngày tải lên: 22/03/2014, 16:21

... forms of lending, such as leasing, factoring and asset financing, their central role in financing SMEs has been maintained (Cruickshank 2000) Risk Handling and Risk Management in British and German ... considerable losses in corporate lending, and more specifically in small firm lending German banks, in contrast, reported no or only minor losses in corporate and small business lending during the last ... remaining risk involved in lending to SMEs in their decision-making processes on such lending, as reflected in their organisational 12 structures, informal routines and rule systems The focus in...

Ngày tải lên: 22/03/2014, 21:20

... maintained in DMEM alone However, in cultures maintained in DMEM containing 100 and 1000 lgÆmL)1 heparin, the percentage of 35S-labeled proteoglycans remaining in the matrix after 10 days in ... tendon cultures maintained in the Table Incorporation of [3H]serine into macromolecules of bovine tendon explants maintained in DMEM containing varying concentrations of CaPPS or heparin The proximal ... 3481 Inhibition of proteoglycan catabolism in tendon T Samiric et al small proteoglycans remained in the matrix that had been maintained in DMEM alone, but in cultures maintained in DMEM containing...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 10:21

... system is involved in the appearance of free [35S]sulfate in the culture medium, tendon cultures were maintained in DMEM containing 10 mM ammonium chloride following days in culture in DMEM alone ... processing of decorin core protein It is possible that newly synthesized decorin contains an intact aminoterminal propeptide which is removed with time in culture by the action of proteinases ... core proteins released into the medium of explant cultures after and days in culture, respectively A number of distinct bands of over 250 kDa and a series of bands ranging between 75 and 160 kDa...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 12:20