polymerases dna topoisomerases and otherdna metabolic enzymes

... (1) DNA polymerases Mammalian DNA polymerases Calf DNA polymerase α Rat DNA polymerase β Human DNA polymerase γ Human DNA polymerase δ Human DNA polymerase ε Human DNA polymerase η Human DNA ... Plant DNA polymerases Cauliflower DNA polymerase α Cauliflower DNA polymerase β Protist DNA polymerases Yeast DNA polymerase δ Yeast DNA polymerase ε Prokaryotic DNA polymerases E coli DNA polymerase ... Human DNA polymerase κ Human DNA polymerase λ Fish DNA polymerase Cherry salmon DNA polymerase δ Insect DNA polymerases Fruit fly DNA polymerase α Fruit fly DNA polymerase δ Fruit fly DNA polymerase...

Ngày tải lên: 24/01/2014, 08:20

... insulin and key hepatic enzymes in experimental diabetes, Pharmaceutical Biology 40(3), (2002) 165 [8] N Brandstrup, JE Kirk, C Bruni, The hexokinase and phosphoglucoisomerase activities of aortic and ... fraction on some metabolic enzymes, such as hexokinase and glucose-6-phosphatase The obtained results were presented in fig D.N Lien et al / VNU Journal of Science, Natural Sciences and Technology ... study is to investigate hypolipidemic and hypoglycaemic effects of extract fractions from Ipomoea batatas leaves Materials and methods 2.1 Plant material and preparation of sweet potato leaf extract...

Ngày tải lên: 12/02/2014, 17:20

... future, for treatment and prevention of obesity and diabetes and other diseases The investigation of effects of plant extracts on activity of lipid-carbohydrate metabolic enzymes such as lipase, ... lipid metabolic enzymes and obesity parameters Life sciences 78 (2006) 2797- 2803 [2] Ide T Effect of dietary α-linolenic acid on the activity and gene expression of hepatic fatty acid oxidation enzymes ... out to assess anti-obesity, anti-diabetic effects and the expression of activity of some lipidcarbohydrate metabolic enzymes in experimental obese and diabetic mice The aim of this study is to elucidate...

Ngày tải lên: 14/03/2014, 10:20

... and acts as a promoter for both the heavy and light strands of the mtDNA, and contains essential transcription and replication elements The D-loop region is a hot spot for mtDNA alterations and ... in both the mtDNA control and coding regions Approximately half of the patients had heteroplasmic mtDNA mutations The human mtDNA is a double stranded circular molecule of 16569 bp and contains ... mutations is still unknown and the impacts of VacA and CagA on the ROS production and mtDNA mutations are poorly understood To investigate the ROS production and mtDNA mutations in the Hp infected...

Ngày tải lên: 25/10/2012, 11:18

... focus on the roles of ANGPTL2 and ANGPTL6 ⁄ AGF in obesity and related metabolic diseases, and discuss whether these ANGPTLs could be targets for the prevention and treatment of these conditions ... ANGPTL2 and ANGPTL6 ⁄ AGF in obesity and related metabolic diseases The expression of ANGPTL2 and ANGPTL6 ⁄ AGF is induced in obese conditions ANGPTL2 induces chronic adipose tissue inflammation and ... ANGPTLs in obesity and related metabolic diseases T Kadomatsu et al ANGPTL2 receptor activity or intracellular signaling might constitute promising treatments for obesity and metabolic diseases...

Ngày tải lên: 14/02/2014, 22:20

... DHMP, NP, and MP were purchased from Schircks Laboratories (Jona, Switzerland) Restriction enzymes and T4 ligase were purchased from New England Biolabs (Ipswich, MA, USA) Pfu DNA polymerase and the ... rate constants are similar between NP and MP and 2248 between HP and HPO in accordance with the similar shapes and sizes between NP and MP and between HP and HPO The different Kd values are proportional ... using both DHNP and DHMP as the substrates and the reverse reaction (the formation of DHNP and DHMP) with HP and GA For the forward reaction, three concentrations each for DHNP and DHMP were used...

Ngày tải lên: 19/02/2014, 00:20

... B, and C) and nuclei in the intestine of an early L4 larva (A’, B’, and C’) are indicated by arrows Panels show DNA staining by DAPI (A and A’), EdU staining (B and B’) and merged images (C and ... networks - DNA damage checkpoints This is because genome integrity is continuously challenged by DNA lesions, DNA single-strand breaks (SSBs) and double-strand breaks (DSBs) DNA damage and replication ... cell, D and D”) Activation of the MCM2-7 complex is needed for opening the DNA helix and allowing the DNA polymerases to start DNA replication This activation marks the end of origin licensing and...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 19:20

... answer is DNA! The species-particular DNA sequences produce the species-particular proteins  GENES code for proteins  GENES are long strands of DNA on chromosomes  What is DNA? DNA is the ... protein synthesis   AND- DNA is also A type of nucleic acid  A type of organic compound  A polymer {a compound made of repeating subunits}   WHAT DOES DNA STAND FOR? DNA s proper name isDeoxyribonucleic ... that clears it up! Structure of DNA A nucleotide of DNA is the base unit  A nucleotide consists of a phosphate, a sugar, and a nitrogen base  DNA is in a double strand  The nitrogen bases have...

Ngày tải lên: 13/03/2014, 16:36

... the ribosome releases the protein chain DNA and Protein Synthesis - Summary DNA and Protein Synthesis Practice making mRNA using the DNA template DNA and Protein Synthesis • Amino acids are linked ... cytoplasm DNA and Protein Synthesis – Codons and amino acids Name the Amino Acid: UAU Tyrosine CCG Proline AGU Serine GCA Alanine DNA and Protein Synthesis But… How does the information get from the DNA ... DNA and Protein Synthesis - Transcription Transcription: 1) DNA unzips 2) mRNA (messenger ribonucleic acid) copies info from DNA using base pairings • RNA is different from DNA a) Single stranded,...

Ngày tải lên: 13/03/2014, 16:38

... °Cc, °CF20° and 20 °CF0°) Control beetles exhibited the lowest amounts of Glu and Lys, and the highest levels of Asn ⁄ Ser and Arg ⁄ Thr (Fig 1A,B) Gln was significantly lower in control and °Cc beetles ... 1761 Cold exposure and associated metabolic changes L Lalouette et al Fig Polyol and sugar body contents in the adult beetle A diaperinus kept at constant 20 °C (control), and fluctuating thermal ... compilation ª 2007 FEBS 1763 Cold exposure and associated metabolic changes L Lalouette et al Drosophilidae) Secreted fluid pH and Na+ concentration increase and K+ concentration decreases in response...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 11:20

... pivotal role of obesity and dyslipidemia in the development of the metabolic syndrome and heart disease, the functional interactions between adipose tissue and the lipid and lipoprotein transport ... development of diet-induced ApoE and obesity obesity, and resulted in saturation of the metabolic pathways that control body fat deposition and plasma lipid and glucose homeostasis Under such ... 0.005) To determine plasma insulin and leptin levels in these mice, serum samples were isolated at weeks and 24 of the experiment and analyzed for insulin and leptin At week 0, all three mouse...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 17:20

... catalytic activities: (a) DNA polymerase activity, which can be both RNA and DNA dependent; and (b) RNase H activity that selectively hydrolyzes the RNA strand of the RNA :DNA hybrid formed during ... synthesis of the minus () strand DNA that uses (+)-strand RNA as template [2,3] HIV-1 RNase H, similar to all the RNase Hs and together with transposases, retroviral integrases and RuvC resolvase, belongs ... Desmond simulation analysis event and VMD [48] Y181C and K103N mutant enzymes The wild-type RT residue 181 was mutated to Cys and the 103 residue in Asn The enzymes were then minimized using...

Ngày tải lên: 22/03/2014, 16:20

... failed to A B Fig DNase I footprinting (A) DNase I footprint of WT DevR protein (0.5 lM and 1.0 lM concentration) and fdxA promoter DNA containing WT ⁄ C8G ⁄ T9A mutant P box DNA sequencing ladder ... Hercules, CA, USA) DNase I footprinting of fdxA promoter DNase I footprinting assays were performed with phosphorylated WT DevR protein and fdxA promoter DNA variants (WT and mutant) or K182G ... the present study The primary, P, and secondary, S, DevR binding sites that were identified by DNase I footprinting (Fig 2) are boxed Putative )35 and )10 SigC and SigA promoter consensus elements...

Ngày tải lên: 22/03/2014, 16:20

... DNA (lane a) and the DNA fully digested by DNase I (lane b) The DNA kb ladder marker was in lane m Fig Electrophoresis of genomic DNA preincubated with single polyamines and then exposed to DNase ... aggregates and DNA A B Fig Nuclear aggregates of polyamines (NAPs) protect genomic DNA from DNase I and, at the same time, influence DNA conformation The electrophoretic migration at 37 °C (left) and ... (right) of genomic DNA preincubated at 37 °C with small-size NAP (s-NAP; lanes c and c¢), medium-size NAP (m-NAP; lanes d and d¢) or largesize NAP (l-NAP; lanes e and e¢) and exposed to DNase I Controls...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 15:20

... other DNA- operating enzymes SNF2_N (PF00176) SNF2 family N-terminal domain 31 32 Methylation - From DNA, RNA and Histones to Diseases and Treatment From DNA, RNA and Histones to Diseases and Treatment ... them [68-70] Methylation - From DNA, RNA and Histones to Diseases and Treatment From DNA, RNA and Histones to Diseases and Treatment Methylation in carcinogenesis DNA methylation can either affects ... the promoters of indu‐ Methylation - From DNA, RNA and Histones to Diseases and Treatment From DNA, RNA and Histones to Diseases and Treatment cible genes and interacting with transcription initiation...

Ngày tải lên: 24/03/2014, 02:21

... ZmSiR or FD C Fig DNA binding activity of SiRs The 32P-labeled (A) 40-mer dsDNA, (B) 20-mer dsDNA, and (C) 40-mer ssDNA were incubated without (lanes and 10) or with 25, 50, 100, and 200 nM PsSiR ... k DNA digested with StyI and pea chloroplast DNA digested with XbaI were mixed with PsSiR and electrophoresed (Fig 6B) All fragments were shifted and concentrated in a few slowly migrating bands ... properties of SiR and the relationship between SiR activity and DNA- binding activity We also examined differences in the properties of PsSiR and ZmSiR, such as DNA binding and localization within...

Ngày tải lên: 30/03/2014, 08:20

... using two different dilutions (1 : and : 729) of template cDNA from the control clone (lanes and 3) and the same dilutions of cDNA from the KD-1 clone (lanes and 4) Control reactions with b-actin ... against spontaneous DNA oxidation and DNA oxidation induced by CSE, and can suppress menadione-induced cell death, making a small contribution to protection from oxidation of nuclear DNA induced by ... of cDNA (1 : 25 dilution) from the control clone (curve P) and from the KD-1 clone (curve D) (C) Fold difference between cDNA isolated from the control and KD-1 clones calculated from standard...

Ngày tải lên: 30/03/2014, 11:20

... single band, at 61 kDa (SASIG2) and 65 kDa (SASIG3), respectively, both in the whole-cell (lanes and 6) and chloroplast fractions (lanes and 7) It was therefore concluded that both SASIG2 and SASIG3 ... bacterially Table Cloned DNA fragments containing mustard chloroplast promoters Plasmids were digested using the indicated restriction enzymes DNA fragments were gel-purified and then tested in competition ... promoters are summarized in Table and details of the promoters are depicted in Figure 5A and 6A Bacterial expression and purification of recombinant factors The SaSig1–3 cDNAs lacking the transit peptide...

Ngày tải lên: 31/03/2014, 07:20

... the melting of DNA and its complexes with ligands may be calculated from the general thermodynamic relation: DG ¼ DH À TDS ð4Þ The thermostabilities of DNA and its complexes with ligands were investigated ... both their anti-tumour activity and DNAbinding properties, providing unambiguous evidence of a marked structure–activity relation Materials and methods Drugs and DNA A series of actinomycin derivatives ... of DNA and its complexes with drugs, calculated using eqns 2–4 and the binding parameters, DHbind, DSbind and DGbind, are summarized in Table Differences in interaction of ActII–ActV with DNA...

Ngày tải lên: 31/03/2014, 07:20

... regulators, methods for the preparation and analysis of histone modifying and ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling enzymes, and assays for transcription and DNA repair on chromatin templates We are ... is calculated from the  and 00 and known Re (30.1 nm) of the T3 internal standard For the unknown band(s) of interest, the  and 00 are determined experimentally and the Re in each running ... smears were observed for both the DNA and nucleosomal arrays on standard 1% agarose gels To abolish deleterious non-specific DNA binding, herring sperm DNA (HS DNA) was added to the samples For...

Ngày tải lên: 11/04/2014, 01:17