phylogeny of the genus apis

... Middelburg Virus thành viên nhánh Semliki Forest Đặc biệt Southern Elephant Seal Virus thành viên nhánh Semliki Forest khoảng cách di truyền loài Southern Elephant Seal Virus xa so với loài khác nhóm Alphavirus ... Equine Ecepphalitis (WEE) trình tái tổ hợp mà đồng ý với nhiều công bố trước cho việc phát xạ loài theo quy mô địa lý phân kỳ nhóm khác chế khác Dữ liệu phân tích nhóm Luers cho thấy hai nhánh Salmon...

Ngày tải lên: 02/07/2014, 11:21

... periods of the Cephalcia species flight activities (cf Martinek 1988) The flight activity started in the studied localities at the end of May or at the beginning of June depending on the actual weather ... specimens caught in the Šumava Mts represent the first record from this area The record of C masuttii is the most interesting from the faunistic point of view It is the first record in the Czech Republic ... 1) The traps were installed from the end of April to the end of October and emptied in two-week or one month intervals during the period 2001–2006 The sawflies were determined according to the...

Ngày tải lên: 07/08/2014, 03:22

... valid for the species nowadays called C alpina The observations done during the strong swarming of adults, that occurred in the Skrzyczne massif in the eighties, indicated the probability of the occurrence ... areas of Europe as C. alpina Beneš (1976) finally stated the autonomy of these species, separated them and cleared the terminology In relation to the revision by Beneš (1976), who solved the taxonomic ... Jachym et al (2005) The development of the C alpina outbreak between 1976 and 1985 in Gorce Mts (formerly – Limanowa and Krościenko Forest Inspectorates, currently the area of the Gorce National...

Ngày tải lên: 07/08/2014, 03:22

... Fig GLM of the occurrence of the F fusca ants depending on the quantity of light incident upon the soil surface (F = 8.71, p < 0.001) 34 1.0 0.0 Undergrowth Fig GLM of the occurrence of the F ... 13 The activity of the F sanguinea ants depending on the quantity of light incident upon the soil surface 36 0.0 Undergrowth Fig 14 GLM of the occurrence of the F sanguinea ants depending on the ... Fig The activity of the F pratensis ants depending on the quantity of light incident upon the soil surface J FOR SCI., 55, 2009 (1): 32–40 –1 Undergrowth Fig 10 GLM of the occurrence of the F...

Ngày tải lên: 07/08/2014, 10:21

... from seed The dissemination of the mature seed of P pinaster and P radiata coincides with the spring and lasts during the whole of end of (Vega, 1977) However, the availability of the seed for ... the characteristics of a site may play an important role in determining the survival of the seedlings (Moreno and Oechel, 1992) To discover the adaptive advantages in the event of a fire of the ... observations can be made about the effect of high temperatures on germination: i) The thermic shocks tested not stimulate either the speed or germination rate of any of the species, and ii) only P...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 19:21

... and C lanatus showing the longest time The values for the F1s fell between the two means of their parents There was a wide range of the number of selfed seeds per plant for the parental species, ... weight to the female parent of the cross, suggesting some degree of maternal inheritance to these traits (Table 3) The weight of the F2 seeds was between that of the two parents and there was ... in these crosses Regardless of the trait measured, the F1 plants usually had a phenotype that was midway between the parents Deletion of the transgene in specific F1 hybrids The presence of the...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 11:21

... Figure of eybee brains the genome and antigenome of DWV in the optic lobe, the antenna lobe and the subesophageal ganglion of honDetection Detection of the genome and antigenome of DWV in the optic ... related enzymes [14,15] The reduced levels of these immune related enzymes appears to exacerbate DWV infection and can lead to the demise of the colony [15] Even in the absence of the mites, DWV can ... genome and antigenome of DWV in the mushroom bodies of honeybee brains Detection of the genome and antigenome of DWV in the mushroom bodies of honeybee brains In situ hybridization of mushroom bodies...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 04:20

... identified till date owing to the absence of any charecteristic HVSI motif An important contribution of this study is the placement of M18 lineage in the M phylogeny In the absence of a coding region marker ... the T12477C mutation, and was designated as M5a in Fig This site was nevertheless absent in the other two samples, one of which had a similar HVSI motif as the M5a mt DNA genome, while the other ... could not be further resolved owing to the absence of similar sites found in the other analyzed lineages M25 lineage: The M25 lineage has been recently described by the presence of G15928A and...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 14:21

... metabolite nodes of the network are potential substrates to be transported in or out of the spermatheca, across the spermathecal wall The spermathecal network shows the key features of biochemistry ... protein profiles of spermathecal fluid and spermathecal gland secretions from virgin and mated queens and seminal fluid A total of μl of fluid extracts from the spermathecal samples and 16 μl of the ... fluid protein band profiles of mated and virgin queens (Figure 2) Furthermore, the protein profile of the spermathecal gland secretions is very similar to that of the spermathecal fluid, both for...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 21:20

... HeLa and NCI-H460, of fourteen isolated xanthones was tested using the SBR assay with camptothecin as the positive control The result has shown that globuxanthone possessed the strongest effect, ... pedunxanthone D and griffipavixanthone The remaining xanthones exhibited weak activity NEW FINDINGS OF THE THESIS - Investigating the chemical constituents of three Garcinia species, G pedunculata, ... RESEARCH Study the antibacterial and antioxidant activities of the isolated compounds SUPERVISORS PhD STUDENT Assoc Prof Pham Dinh Hung Assoc Prof Nguyen Dieu Lien Hoa Vo Tan Hau CONFIRMATION OF HO CHI...

Ngày tải lên: 07/11/2014, 17:25

... Ngoc-Thao T Nguyen, Gerhard Maas, Udo R Werz, Hung D Pham, Lien-Hoa D Nguyen (2012), Xanthones from the bark of OH Garcinia pedunculata, Phytochemistry Letters, Vol 5(4), pp 766O OMe O OH O OH 98 O O ... thuc 9a OMe 4a 11 95 14 Ph IR: max 12 tetraoxygenated Lien-Hoa xanthones D Nguyen from the (2012), bark of Cytotoxic Garcinia Vừ Tn Hu, Lờ c ng, Phm ỡnh Hựng, Harrison J Leslie, Nguyn Diu Liờn ... 1,7 (2 s) c = 21-26 1,1,2-Trimetyldihydrofuran H = 4,5 - 4,6 (q, J = 7) c = 91 - 92 H = 1,4 - 1,5 (d) c = 14 - 15 2-(1-Hydroxy-1-metyletyl)-2,3-dihydrofuran Hỡnh 3.17 c trng ph NMR ca cỏc nhúm...

Ngày tải lên: 07/11/2014, 17:25

... genus of a union of disjoint surfaces is the sum of the genuses Therefore, a surface with boundary has nonnegative genus; the genus is zero if and only if it is a planar domain For example, the ... assumption on the topology is needed for this application of Rado’s theorem; cf the proof of theorem 1.22 in [CM4]), Σ0,t is itself a graph, giving the lemma The next lemma bounds the radius of the intrinsic ... in the complement of the domains (in R3 ) which separate each of the pieces; cf Corollary 0.4 below Moreover, after the decomposition is made then every intersection of one of the “pairs of pants”...

Ngày tải lên: 14/02/2014, 17:20

... completes the proof Many variations of Theorem I.0.8 hold with almost the same proof One of these is given in the following theorem: Theorem III.2.4 There exist d1 ≥ and d2 ≤ so that the following ... proceed, let us briefly describe the strategy of the proof of Theorem 0.2 The proof has the following three main steps; see Figure 4: A Fix an integer N (the “large” of the curvature in what follows ... Proof of Proposition III.1.1: Step 4: Extending the top and bottom components by the maximum principle They stay disjoint since the middle component is a graph separating them III.2 Proof of Theorem...

Ngày tải lên: 14/03/2014, 22:20

... polysaccharide and the fraction was not further investigated The proportion of the minor polysaccharide was indicated by the size of the minor peaks in the H-NMR spectrum (Fig 2), especially as the peak ... of both of the 1H- and the 13C-NMR spectra using 1D and 2D techniques gave the data shown in Table 1, where the residues are referred to as A–D, D being the additional NeuAc residue Most of the ... Kuwait, personal communication) The unique structure of the O-chain of one of these isolates further confirms this conclusion The lipopolysaccharide structures of both H alvei and E coli are known...

Ngày tải lên: 24/03/2014, 04:21

... replacing the edges of these dipoles with face-type [62 ] with multiple non-crossing edges Because of the awkwardness of the polygonal representation of the double torus, we return to the type of diagram ... 1, 2, Since the lengths of all the cycles of sum to n, is a partition of n, and we write n to denote this For this reason, the partitions of n index the conjugacy classes of Sn If m is ... a pair of permutations (, ) describing the vertex and edge structure of the map in such a way that the cycle-type of the product gives the face-type of the map This axiomatization for combinatorial...

Ngày tải lên: 07/08/2014, 15:22

... both the rapid and accurate identification of poplar accessions and the determination of genetic relationships between these accessions at the DNA level This paper explores the potential of adopting ... analysis (PCA) on the correlation coefficient was conducted to visualize the dispersion of the individuals in relation to the first two principal axes of variation The NTSYS-PC software package version ... II) Each of the three primers produced fingerprint profiles unique to the accessions studied Therefore, it was possible to distinguish between all of the accessions The average number of scorable...

Ngày tải lên: 07/08/2014, 16:20

... TDR The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the US Department of the Navy, US Department of Defense, or the ... multifasta file of the proteins in the cluster; PGL1_unique_Yersinia-x.summary - summary of the properties of the proteins; PGL1_unique_Yersinia-x.matches - blast matches between the proteins of the cluster; ... multifasta file of the proteins in the cluster; PGL1_unique_Yersinia-x.summary - summary of the properties of the proteins; PGL1_unique_Yersinia-x.matches - blast matches between the proteins of the cluster;...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 20:21

... acceleration of RNA polymerase subunits that may have facilitated the loss of TFS Nevertheless, the hypothesis of a direct effect of the loss of a TFIIS-like transcription elongation factor on the rate of ... controversial position of M kandleri, as this is relevant to the important issue of the origin of methanogenesis [7] The emergence of M kandleri at the base of the euryarchaeal phylum in the 16S rRNA tree ... composed of two proteins, one corresponding to the helicase module and the amino terminus of the topoisomerase module and the other to the carboxy terminus of the topoisomerase module [49] Another...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 20:21