oceania which only 2 of world population

... state and member of the British Commonwealth since 1968, has only about 21 square kilometers of land, but includes 320 ,000 square kilometers of ocean Most of its population of 8,600 in 1984 resided ... settlement of the Pacific and the world of Oceanic islanders today The Settlement of Oceania When Europeans first entered the Pacific in the sixteenth century, nearly all of the islands of Oceania ... Western Samoa Its 1981 population of about 1,500 lived on three atolls totaling only 10 square Idlometers of land Nuku'alofa is the capital of the Kingdom of Tonga, a member of the British Commonwealth...

Ngày tải lên: 02/07/2014, 17:20

... last official census in 1979, the island's population of 7,754 resides in 306 separate localities The two halves of the island have roughly equal numbers of inhabitants, but two-thirds of the population ... Caledonia because of the rise in world nickel prices (the territory has one-fourth ofthe world' s nickel deposits) Urbanization increased as the rural areas were drained of labor The collapse of the nickel ... the two sides of the island Demography In 1885, a British colonial official esti mated the population of Ambae to be between 10,000 and 12, 000; however, a 1919 census recorded only 4,000 people...

Ngày tải lên: 02/07/2014, 17:20

... Distinctive characteristics of the system of kin terms include: the overriding of generation (offspring of women label offspring of men as "children"); the importance of sibling rank reflected ... extensive sago swamps from which Boazi speakers get most of their food The area receives 25 0 centimeters of rain per year, over half of which falls during the northwest monsoon, which lasts from late ... interrupted only by typhoons, which periodically destroy homes, harbors, and farms Demography The population in 1988 was approximately 14,000, about half of whom live on the island of Koror Estimates of...

Ngày tải lên: 02/07/2014, 17:20

... 1944-1945) 'Natives of the Bismarck Mountains, New Guinea." Oceania 14:104- 123 ; 15:1-18 Nilles, J (1950-195 1) 'The Kuman of the Chimbu Region, Central Highlands, New Guinea." Oceania 21 :25 -65 Nilles, ... Study of Cultural Change in a Primitive Society in the Central Highlands of New Guinea." Oceania 24 :1 -27 ; 119-131 Ross, (1965) "The Puberty Ceremony of the Chimbu Girl in the Eastern Highlands of ... the south, all of which are 40 to 80 kilometers distant 38 Choiseul Island Location Choiseul covers an area of 2, 100 square kilometers, is about 130 kilometers long and 12. 8 to 32. 2 kilometers...

Ngày tải lên: 02/07/2014, 17:20

... a population today of about 900 (though missionary William Bromilow estimated there were 2, 000 in 1891) The tiny island of Tewara, to the north of Dobu, had a population of only 40 when anthropologist ... 'district" of Dobu Island contained about twelve 'localities" or village clusters, each of which was constituted of a number of small, dispersed villages with an average population of about twenty-five ... Guinea: Institute of Applied Social and Economic Research Hughes, Ian M (1970) 'Pigs, Sago, and Limestone." Mankind 7 :27 2 -27 8 Wagner, Roy (1967) The Curse of Souw Chicago: University of Chicago Press...

Ngày tải lên: 02/07/2014, 17:20

... Settlement of Easter Island Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press Femdon, Edwin N., Jr (1957) 'Notes on the Present-Day Easter Islanders." Southwestern Journal of Anthropology 13 :22 3 -23 8 Metraux, ... the time of his marriage However, since this marriage was often delayed many years beyond that of most Easter Islanders, chiefs often held their position for some years At the time of sustained ... kilometers of land in the southernmost (upper) section of the Eipomek Valley, at approximately 4 25 '-4 27 ' S, 140°00'-140°05' E Settlements are found at elevations between 1,600 and 2, 100 meters,...

Ngày tải lên: 02/07/2014, 17:20

... deceased men They make use of a wide range of imagery, the most important of which is the linking of the deceased's lifespan to the series ofplaces he occupied and made use of during his life The ... end, extensive fields of irrigated taro are planted Fishing is limited because of the lack of a protecting reef and high seas for most of the year Men fish in the shelter of Alofi Island, using the ... altitude varies from 400 to 2, 500 meters, although most people live within the altitudinal range of 1,000 -2, 200 meters Broad, grass-covered valleys occur in the north, a result of human clearing and...

Ngày tải lên: 02/07/2014, 17:20

... Kenneth E (19 52) 'Nama Cult of the Central Highlands, New Guinea." Oceania 23 :1 -25 Gainj 71 Read, Kenneth E (1954) 'Cultures of the Central Highlands, New Guinea." Southwestern Journal of Anthropology ... includes 80-110 square kilometers of land between the coastal plain of Madang and the Ramu River Valley, with central coordinates of 145 2' E, 5 '28 ' S The region consists of rugged, low mountain ranges, ... isolated footprints of clearing amid sprawling rain forest In 1980-19 82 there were seventeen principal residence sites with an average population of 26 .5 persons and a range of to 54 persons Although...

Ngày tải lên: 02/07/2014, 17:20

... and use of supernatural powers for healing and as intermediaries with the supernatural world Ceremonies The men's house was the focus of different types of rituals: initiation, celebration of successful ... the powers of ancestors or supernatural forces such as the sun or moon Healing often focused on symbolically casting off the illness Death and Afterlife Legitimation of the present out of the past ... rising floodwaters tear off parts of riverbanks and carry them downstream until they get stuck somewhere else latmul territory begins about 23 0 kilometers up from the mouth of the Sepik and ends...

Ngày tải lên: 02/07/2014, 17:20

... northwest tip of the island of New Britain, 5 28 ' S, 148 922 ' E They are part of the Kilenge-Lolo District of the province ofWest New Britain in Papua New Guinea A reef about kilometer offshore fringes ... Part I." Oceania 1:34-63 Radcliffe-Brown, A R (1930) "The Social Organization of Australian Tribes, Part II." Oceania 1 :20 6 -25 6; 322 -341 Radcliffe-Brown, A R (1930) 'The Social Organization of Australian ... speakers ofSouthern Kiwai, 2, 000 speakers of Wabuda, and 3,600 speakers of Bamu Kiwai The population density of the area is about 2. 5 persons per square kilometer There are no reliable early population...

Ngày tải lên: 02/07/2014, 17:20

... Domain of Devils among the Lak." Man 24 :27 3 -28 9 Schblaginhaufen, (1908) 'Orientierungsmarsche an der Ostkuste von Sud-Neu-Mecklenburg." Mitteilungen aus den deutsche Schutzgebieten 21 :21 3 -22 0 Stephan, ... plantations on and off the island and because of the spread of diseases, especially tuberculosis In 1930 there were 23 2 people in Lesu Current estimates of 1,100 speakers of the Notsi language ... ceremonies, as were activities of the chief such as his installation and payment of tribute to him The elaborateness of a ceremony reflected the status ofthe host or of the object ofthe ceremony Arts Artistic...

Ngày tải lên: 02/07/2014, 17:20

... census of Mewun in 1974 recorded 4 82 people; the population of Seniang was about the same, while that of Laus was estimated at 125 In all three groups there is a surplus of bachelors, which seems ... embodiment of the omate, without which women, animals, and the crops of the clan could not reproduce The Mafulu fear spirits of the dead, particularly those of the amidi, which are often held ... continuing, often injurious interventions into human affairs ofrecent ghosts and of ancestral spirits, Mae also assert the existence of aggressive anthropophagous demons and of huge pythons, both of which...

Ngày tải lên: 02/07/2014, 17:20

... various kinds of assault sorcery See also Muyu Bibiog'rap~hy Austen, Leo (1 925 ) 'Report of a Patrol from Wukpit Camp (Tedi River) to Star Mountains." Papua Annual Report for 1 922 -23 , 27 -37 Melbourne: ... -The People of New Georgia: Manners and Customs and Religious Beliefs." Royal Society of Queensland Proceedings 22 :23 -30 Bibliography Ngatatjara Macdonald, Barrie (1988) In Pursuit of the Sacred ... Aborigines of the West Nedlands: University of Western Australia Press Gould, Richard A (1969) "Subsistence Behaviour among the Western Desert Aborigines of Australia." Oceania 39 :25 3 -27 4 Gould,...

Ngày tải lên: 02/07/2014, 17:20

... Demography The indigenous population of the Popondetta district totals some 36,500, of whom 26 ,500 are Orokaiva in the central lowland area The number of Orokaiva at the time of Western contact is ... franca of all Papua and is today one of Papua New Guinea's three official languages Division of Labor As in most tribal societies, division of labor is primarily based on age and sex Orokolo often ... territory by the passing of the Papua Act of 1905 by the Commonwealth Government of Australia The new administration adopted a policy of peaceful penetration, and many measures of social and economic...

Ngày tải lên: 02/07/2014, 17:20

... neighboring atolls of Pohnpei State or from other areas within the larger Federated States of Micronesia, of which Pohnpei is the capital Outside of Kolonia, the overwhelming majority of the population ... the imagery of the state, and the importance of high rank permeates to the national level through the institution of the National Council of Chiefs, which gives advice on matters of kastom (traditional ... the population of Pohnpei Island was estimated at 27 ,719, about 6,000 of whom live in Kolonia town, the center of government and commerce for the island Most of the residents of Kolonia are from...

Ngày tải lên: 02/07/2014, 17:20

... from offending others is fear of sorcery retaliation Dominance over the young is supported by the control of the elders of supernatural knowledge and of the intricate system of exchange of indigenous ... the last remnants of an original population of the region, which on the other islands has been superseded by, probably, several waves of Austronesian-speaking immigrants In one of these pottery, ... low atoll with a land area of 21 square kilometers and a lagoon of 24 0 square kilometers The land is mostly sand and gravel There are 30 species of plants and 19 species of birds indigenous to the...

Ngày tải lên: 02/07/2014, 17:20

... the predepopulation number In 1960 the population (by census) was 2, 516; by 1970 it had increased to 3, 126 , and in 1976 it had reached 4, 620 , of which 27 3 were Polynesian-speaking immigrants ... D (1974) "The Price of Protein: 500 Hours of Hunting in the New Guinea Highlands." Oceania 44 :27 8 -29 3 Salisbury, Richard F (19 62) From Stone to Steel: Economic Consequences of a Technological ... History of Cargoism in Sio, Northeast New Guinea." Oceania 38:1 -23 Harding, Thomas G (1967) 'Money, Kinship, and Change in a New Guinea Economy." Southwestern Journal of Anthropology 23 :20 9 -23 3 Harding,...

Ngày tải lên: 02/07/2014, 17:20

... consists of flesh, energy or strength, and a soul, which becomes a ghost after death, while flesh rots and energy disappears The world of the ghosts in some accounts is a reversal of the world of the ... elevation of 82 meters along the southern coast and the island of Yava'u reaches to the height of 305 meters Average temperature in the Kingdom of Tonga in the winter months of JuneJuly is 16 -21 " C ... Caroline Islands of Micronesia Along with the surrounding atolls, it forms one of the four states of the Federated States of Micronesia, which were part of the U.S Trust Territory of the Pacific...

Ngày tải lên: 02/07/2014, 17:20

... usufruct tenure, which is held only for the lifetime of the individual or for even less time The system of land tenure is basically a matter of lineage "ownership' and the granting of rights to individuals ... position by virtue of the acquisition of certain specialties and skills, none of which are hereditary Political Organization The basic unit of government is the village council, made up of all elderly ... one roof, for purposes of eating they may be scattered among commensal units inheritance Individual inheritance is greatly restricted by the rights of the matrilineal corporate group, which has...

Ngày tải lên: 02/07/2014, 17:20

... compensation, change of residence, shunning, and gossip Which method is used depends on the seriousness of the offense, the reputation of the offender, and the relationship between the offender and the ... out of disputes concerning deaths (almost all of which were related to sorcery), women, or perceived breaches of ritual rights Conflict today is aggravated by the availability of alcohol, which ... all of the men of a patrilineage are responsible for the worship of their ancestors Shamans (ghasaiwin) are most often old women, and one of their primary responsibilities is the recovery of stolen...

Ngày tải lên: 02/07/2014, 17:20