molecular dynamics of the synapse

... represent the geometric centers of the cavities that are located over the protein surface, and the blue spheres indicate the geometric centers of the cavities that are located inside the b-barrel The ... indicating the importance of the positive charges for the occurrence of nonspecific contacts with DNA [22] The BPV-1 protein shows low flexibility of the loop connecting the b2 and b3 strands (Fig 6B) The ... in the dynamics of these two proteins The rmsd from the starting structures of the two proteins (supplementary Fig S1) showed, in fact, good stability over all the simulation times Also, the...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 10:20

... in the one-cell stage to visualize the localization and to measure the mobility of the components in the PGCs The medaka embryo was peeled off the chorion, and the segment containing the part of ... of OlvasGFP reveals the dynamic nature of the nuage Schematic diagram of the preparation of PGCs of medaka specimen (A) OlvasGFP was expressed in the medaka PGC at stage 24 and localized in the ... outside of the nuage in the cytoplasm of the migrating PGC FCS analysis revealed that Olvas GFP diffused with a diffusion constant of 7.0 lm2ặs)1 (Fig 3A) During the measurement of the PGC, the 10...

Ngày tải lên: 18/02/2014, 16:20

... is the cross-sectional average of the bank-specific variable αi of those banks for which there is an observation in month t As the composition of this sample changes in the course of time, the ... responsible We choose the following method of mitigating the problem of changing sample composition: Instead of the exposure levels Xi (t), we investigate the change in the exposure of the same bank, ... contribution of the systematic factor and the regulation to the total timely variation of the exposure is 17.24% and, therefore, 82.76% of the variation is due to idiosyncratic effects These effects...

Ngày tải lên: 16/02/2014, 06:20

... established Of two possible dimeric structures of LPL, the head-tohead and the head-to-tail models, the studies of the chimeric proteins of hepatic lipase and LPL and the tandem repeat approach of LPL ... in the same direction with the heparin-binding domain at the N-terminal end [14] The other is a cluster of tryptophans (Trp390, Trp393, and Trp394) exposed to the surface (Fig 1A) The cluster of ... peak of wild-type LPL The LPL in the eluate was detected by Western blot with LPL polyclonal antibody 7640 The fraction number of the high-affinity peak was the same for the wild type and the WW...

Ngày tải lên: 21/02/2014, 15:20

... 1H,15N-HSQC spectra of the M domain of human eRF1 The numbering of the residues corresponds to that of the full eRF1 protein (A) The Gly region of the 15 H, N-HSQC spectrum of the M domain of human eRF1 ... hydrolysis at the PTC of the large ribosomal subunit [20] The three-domain structure of eRF1, with the shape of the protein resembling the letter ‘Y’, partly mimics the ‘L’-shape of the tRNA molecule, ... )42 The mean value in the family of 25 structures and the SD is no preferred conformation of the side-chain in the family 4228 v1 b There Fig The relaxation parameters of the amide 15N spin of...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 05:20

... dimer are mainly limited to the conformation of the Glu-Pro dipeptide in the hinge region between the last b-strand and the core of CKS The crystal structure of the complex of CKS with CDK2 ⁄ cyclin ... whereas in the study on cyclin E degradation, Pin1 was brought in by the phospho-cyclin E and not by the CDC4a component of the final complex (Fig 2) [35] Therefore, the outcome of the molecular ... distinct molecular partners [6], and the conformation of a proline in the linker region between two SH3 domains of the Crp adaptor protein determines the autoinhibition of the domains [7] These...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 05:20

... further our knowledge with respect to the mechanisms of action of these proteins, it is crucial that we define the precise boundaries of the STI1-homologous domain and compare the structures of these ... analysis [22] to examine in more detail the flexible characteristics of the 275–284 segment of hHR23B Because of the high quality of our 15 N-HSQC spectra, 54 of the 58 protonated backbone nitrogen ... temperature used for the experiment at 500 MHz (25 instead of 27 °C), which gives better HSQC spectra Because of the known dependence of the overall correlation time sc on the molecular size of various...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 17:20

... Analysis of the phase of each of the xMGP introns located within the coding region revealed that introns and are of phase I while intron is of phase II [29] The same phases are found in the corresponding ... this study, we present the molecular organization of the rst nonmammalian MGP gene and the functional analysis of its promoter We identied a region within the rst 70 bp of the xMGP promoter that ... representation of the xMGP promoter constructs used for transient transfections of A6 cells is shown to the left The nomenclature of the promoter deletions is based on the transcription start of the xMGP...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 10:20

... group at carbon of the guanine ring may interact with the side chain of Glu309, whereas the carbonyl group at position of the guanine ring may interact with the hydroxyl group of the Tyr239 side ... structures of the EhPGK obtained using the modeller program (Fig S1), it was found that the only difference in the amino acids that bind the purine ring was the presence of Val instead of Leu at ... to that of Gly312 in the pig enzyme On the other hand, the Leu residue present in the horse and yeast enzymes is conserved in the majority of PGK sequences reported to date; however, in the EhPGK,...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 01:20

... is the detection of the modification, which involves the detection of a molecular mass change of Da in a relatively large protein substrate (20–45 kDa) Another challenge is the development of ... to that of PMT-C3 is that, at the sequence level, there is no discernible similarity of PMT-C3 to the proteins, with the exception of the Cryseobacterium protein glutaminase However, there is ... activation of Gai or inhibition of cAMP accumulation The observation that PMT overrides the action of PT suggests that PMT may also be able to act on the heterotrimeric Gaibc complex The effect of PMT...

Ngày tải lên: 22/03/2014, 15:21

... [20] The tips of the arms are highly flexible, and once the DNA has moved inwards, the arms close and the tips of the arms wrap around the DNA The amplitudes and time scales of the intramolecular ... nature of the dynamics, the autocorrelation functions C(t) were evaluated during the first NMR structure and backbone dynamics of MC1 10 ns, using the 20 ns trajectory time for the 93 NH vectors The ... variations of 25% on the nanosecond time scale during the 20 ns trajectory (Fig 5) These variations, resulting from the position of the arm, are correlated with internal motions of the overall...

Ngày tải lên: 22/03/2014, 17:20

... earlier, the molecular identity of the protein(s) that actually form the PTP channel remains the most intriguing question On the basis of structural and other information, we hypothesize that the ... increased the conductance of artificial lipid bilayers in the presence of Ca2+, and the conductance was sensitive to ruthenium red [22], implying that it may be the Ca2+ uniporter or part thereof Further ... is driven by the pH gradient, in the case of the Ca2+ ⁄ 2H+ exchanger Elevated intramitochondrial Ca2+ can stimulate the activities of enzymes of the tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA), thereby boosting...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 03:20

... present in the spleen of these mice For the determination of the number of PMM56 bacteria present in the spleen of these four mice, we thus chose a value of 50 CFU per spleen The average number of CFUs ... deciphering the complex biosynthetic pathways of DIMs and PGLs These efforts have led to the identification of more than 20 proteins required either for the formation or for the translocation of these ... b-diol The doublet at 1.15 p.p.m (f) corresponds to the resonance of a methyl group in the a position of the fatty acyl residues The signals that correspond to the resonance of the methine proton of...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 09:20

... IB confirmed the identity of the T emersonii cel7 gene/gene product; the location of these peptides in the deduced polypeptide sequence is given in the legend to Fig Comparison of the deduced ... hold the b-sandwich in position With the exception of four a-helices and two pairs of short b-strands, the rest of the protein consists almost entirely of loops connecting the b-strands The loops ... which runs the length of the concave sheet, into which the cellulose substrate can be accommodated The b-sandwich represents the characteristic fold of GH7 and is also the fold of the legume-lectin...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 13:20

... cP is the specific heat of the gas at constant pressure, y is the ratio of specific heats, c is the speed of sound, (T is the Stefan-Boltzmann constant, pa is the air density and T,, is the temperature ... ILLUSTRATION OF THE VELOCITY AND TEMPERATURE PROFILES IN THE STAGNATION VOLUME Not included here are the effects of the blowing layer formed adjacent to the temperature profile; it is judged that in the ... transfers in the stagnation volume of the gas cap The reason for our interest in the stagnation volume is that the analysis of the problem is tractable in this domain For example, since the shock...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 13:20

... we determined the cDNA sequences of the EcRs and the USPs (RXRs) of Chilo suppressalis [14] and Leptinotarsa decemlineata [15] Dissociation constants of the binding of PonA to these receptors ... (183–410) regions The C-regions of EcRs and USPs are highly conserved However, other regions, particularly the N-terminal parts of USP ⁄ RXR, vary The alignments of amino acid sequences of the A ⁄ B ... In the alignment figure (C) the amino acid residues that correspond to those important for the binding of PonA to the EcR of H virescens are boxed The arrow head indicates the 396th amino acid of...

Ngày tải lên: 30/03/2014, 04:20

... broadening of the two lines of the c-phosphate group, and not to significant changes in chemical shift or the relative populations of the resonances In particular, the relative intensity of the downfield-shifted ... interpretation of the chemical shifts of the protein-bound nucleotide analogue we first studied GTPcS in the presence and absence of Mg2+ ions within a pH range of 2–13 The rate of exchange between ... and pK3 are the corresponding pKa values of the three phosphates of the nucleotide d2 values are given in parentheses the titration up to pH 1.5 does not allow the precise estimation of this value...

Ngày tải lên: 30/03/2014, 09:20

... test further the specificity of the interaction, native cardosin B was used in the binding assays Despite the high similarity between the two pistil aspartic proteinases, neither the RGD nor the similar ... motif at the tip of a loop protruding away from the core of the protein This amino-acid motif mimics RGD in terms of charge and is positioned at the tip of a loop and is therefore reminiscent of RGD ... illustrated by the superimposition of the 3D structures of kistrin [32] and cardosin A (Fig 8) The importance of both motifs and in particular their basic residues was further emphasized by the complete...

Ngày tải lên: 30/03/2014, 11:20

... (TonB, 10 Structure of the Bacterial Cell Structure of the OmpF porin View of the monomer from the side (left) and view of the trimer from the top The loop inside the opening narrows the channel H ... involved in the maintenance of the long axis of the cell Depletion of either MreB or Mbl causes aberrant partitioning of the origins of replication and a large fraction of anucleate cells The intermediate ... pestis XV Color Plates Structure of the OmpF porin View of the monomer from the side (left) and view of the trimer from the top The loop inside the opening narrows the channel H Nikaido 2003, Microbiol...

Ngày tải lên: 03/04/2014, 12:05

... area in the dorsal region of the cranial wall of the third endodermal pouch while the caudal portion of the very same pouch develops into the thymus which is involved in the maturation of the immune ... from the human PTH cDNA sequence15 and later confirmed by the determination of the structure of the human gene.16 The amino acid sequence of the rat pre-peptide was derived from the sequence of the ... over 200 bp of the intron, similar to the homology in the other non-translated regions of the genes The rat intron A is only 55-57% homologous to the other species The sequences of introns are...

Ngày tải lên: 08/04/2014, 12:52