... 0-7726-4550-7
1. Englishlanguage Study and teachingasasecondlanguage - British
Columbia. 2. Englishlanguage Study and teachingasasecondlanguage -
Standards - British Columbia. I. British ... Programs Branch
7
ENGLISH ASASECONDLANGUAGE STANDARDS
Introduction
Definition of an ESL Student ENGLISHASASECOND LANGUAGE
i
students are those whose primary
language( s), or language( s) ... demonstrates awareness of sound-symbol relationships at the
beginning of words
ENGLISH ASASECONDLANGUAGE STANDARDS
4
English asaSecond Language
Standards
2001
Ministry of Education
Special...
... different path-
ways to achieving these outcomes.
Who are learners ofEnglishasasecond
language?
Standard Australian English is the national language
of Australia and it is essential that all ... asecond
language in child care or family day care.
Children learning Englishasasecondlanguage
need explicit modelling and language teaching, ap-
propriate time to acquire the new language ... Manual. National Languages and Literacy
Institute of Australia
Milne, R 1994, Emerging Literacy in the first five years, National Languages and Literacy Institute of Australia, Journal
3 January
Milne,...
... the Peace Corps, Kathleen had taught Englishasasecondlanguage to large
classes of refugees and immigrants in Los Angeles. Her students had included Russian artists,
Salvadoran migrant workers, ... They enjoy analyzing the structures
of English, taking the language apart and putting it back together again. They appreciate a
straight-up approach to grammar, explaining the rules and also the ...
establishing clear, consistent, fair patterns of behavior. Help students to understand your
expectations and emphasize that that you value a respectful classroom. By creating a
manageable classroom...
... with a partner on a
common academic task
– begin to adapt to a variety
of teaching approaches and
strategies used in a Canadian
classroom
– respect other cultures
– participate with increasing
comfort ... increasing
confidence to a variety of
teaching approaches and
strategies (e.g., an informal
classroom atmosphere, active
learning, the use of games
as a learning activity, activities
that involve ...
grammatical errors
– make academic presentations
using resources
– use idiomatic and colloquial
language appropriately
Table A3 .2: ESL, Grades 7 and 8 – Speaking
9
Stages of Second- Language Acquisition...
... Competency-Based Approach. Language skills and grammar and
abulary are sequenced according to the learner's needs. Translation is used only if necessary for
munication. Context is used as much as ... taught asa foreign language, as opposed to asecond language, some
the science or technical sections, are allocated as little as one hour ofEnglish
Fi
Showing that you are familiar with the ... communicative language teaching. It is referred to as an approach that
ims to make communication the goal oflanguage teaching. Several models have evolved around this
rinciple. This chapter...
... itself by law against what
22
English asa global language
Second edition
DAVID CRYSTAL
Why a global language?
their attitudes towards other languages. Perhaps those who have
such alanguage at their ... ix
Preface to the first edition xii
1 Why a global language? 1
What is a global language? 3
What makes a global language? 7
Why do we need a global language? 11
What are the dangers ofa global language? ... played an important part in several countries,
such as in relation to the Maori in New Zealand, the Aboriginal
languages of Australia, the Indian languages of Canada and the
USA, and some of...
...
Ahour, T., & Mukundan, J. (2009). Analytic assessment of writing: Diagnosing areas
of strength and weakness in the writing of TESL undergraduate students. Iranian
Journal ofLanguage ... in
analytical rating in L2 writing, it seems theoretically and statistically plausible to rate
two major areas of the scripts: sentence structure and vocabulary and arrangement of
ideas and ... terms associated with the measured variables in, say, the
Making Argument task can correlate. This can neutralize the potential influence of
the Halo effect that might have been a reason why...
... response to the language-
centred methods. They treat languageas having to take consideration of the learners’
needs, wants and situations. The learners, as the central aspect of learning, are provided ... introductory paragraph, three
paragraphs as the body and a concluding paragraph. This course was delivered entirely
in Englishasa Foreign Language (EFL) with a duration of one hundred minutes for each ... was conducted in the
‘Effective Writing’ classes at the English Department at Universitas Pelita Harapan
(UPH), LippoKarawaci, Indonesia. This ‘Effective Writing’ was a subject which was
offered...
... Association of Artificial Intelligence.
Rada Mihalcea. 2003. The role of non-ambiguous
words in natural language disambiguation. In Pro-
ceedings of the Conference on Recent Advances
in Natural Language ... Topic signatures can be useful in a
number of Natural Language Process-
ing (NLP) applications, such as Word
Sense Disambiguation (WSD) and Text
Summarisation. Our method takes ad-
vantage of the ... "interest"
Table 1 :A sample of our topic signatures. Signature M was
extracted from a manually-sense-tagged corpus and A was
produced by our algorithm. Words occurring in both A and
M are marked in...
... of aerobically and anaerobically prepared apoFNR. Aerobically
or anaerobically prepared apoFNR were incubated with GnHCl +
iodoacetate and digested with trypsin, and after separation on Sepha-
dex ... from aerobic apoFNR after
alkylation, Pep22 ⁄ 39 was found as the unmodified
and, in small amounts, also as the twofold alkylated
species. Pep1 ⁄ 21 was present in the unmodified state,
as well as ... concentration was determined using the
Bradford assay [32] and the radioactivity was measured in
a scintillation counter. Radioactivity was corrected for not
incorporated radioactivity by measuring and...
... euent was detected with
a UV detector at 232 nm. e main pharmacokinetic
parameters were calculated by DAS 1.0 (Anhui, China)
program.
Bioavailability (BA) is a measurement of the rate and
extent ... (Sonaje
et al., 2009):
BA
(AUC )Dose
(AUC )Dose
100
R
AB
BA
=
×
×
×%
()
()
where AUC is the area under the curve.
Statistical analysis
All data are presented asa mean value with its stand-
ard ... medium, and the acute toxicity of PANs was
evaluated in mice. Morever, EPI was loaded into PANs
and its pharmacokinetics was also assessed in rats to
compare to the free drug.
Methods
Materials
Pullulan...