method for automatically grading esol texts

... Association for Computational Linguistics, pages 180–189, Portland, Oregon, June 19-24, 2011. c 2011 Association for Computational Linguistics A New Dataset and Method for Automatically Grading ESOL Texts Helen ... the AA task for ESOL free text and, in particular, precise comparison of different systems, feature types, and grade fitting methods. Acknowledgements We would like to thank Cambridge ESOL, a division of ... of texts, such as style, grammar, and so forth, though the methods used to assess these are not described in any detail in published work. Again, the system requires retraining or tuning for...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 04:20

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Ngày tải lên: 16/08/2013, 08:28

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Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 13:23

... similar conditions to the ones established for the semi-indirect evaporative recover made of ceramic pipes introduced before. This test has been performed for outside air temperature of 40 C, 18 ... the adiabatic tunnel described before. To clarify what has been exposed before, the evolution of an air stream originally at 25ºC and 30% of RH is described for different cases of water temperature. ... temperature. The different possible processes for the air evolution are shown in the Figure 4. Figure 4. Real evolution for different water temperatures a- Water...

Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 16:10

Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 16:10

Ngày tải lên: 03/01/2014, 19:35

... of a Transformation Matrix Parallelepiped method H = C, [r] = (H −1 C)[0, 1] n + H −1 [e] = [0, 1] n + C −1 [e]. This method breaks down when C is close to singular. QR-factorization method C ... QR-factorization methods may be necessary. • When to switch from one method to the other? • An eigenvalue, or stability type analysis of a combined approach may be necessary. 15 Now, for all y i ∈ ... QR −0.2 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 step 9, Par. Figure 11: Approach II 1 An Interval Method for Linear IVPs for ODEs Ned Nedialkov Department of Computing and Software McMaster University, Canada nedialk@mcmaster.ca Joint...

Ngày tải lên: 12/01/2014, 22:02

... advanced interval methods (AIM) have been applied to evaluate the iteration formula (7), see Step 4, Section IV. In VNODE, an interval Taylor series method with QR factorization has been employed while for ... — for the initial conditions y 0 app,0 = x 0 app and y 0 app, j = 0, ∀ j ≥ 1. Now, the iteration (7) is performed with the improved approximation x app (t) for ε = 1 which is demonstrated for ... are quite general ideas, they can be employed for various enclosure methods, i.e., not only for VALENCIA-IVP but also for methods like those from VNODE or COSY VI. Consistency tests which are...

Ngày tải lên: 12/01/2014, 22:04

Ngày tải lên: 13/02/2014, 12:20

... Dahlman Prepared for the Office of the Secretary of Defense Approved for public release; distribution unlimited The Cost of a Military Person-Year A Method for Computing Savings from Force Reductions 28 ... RMC includes average basic pay for each military grade, basic allowance for housing, basic allowance for subsistence, and federal tax advantage accruing to the aforementioned allowances because ... budget does not pay for retirement compensation or for the legislated medical benefits that accrue to Medicare eligibles under the TRICARE For Life (TFL) program. Benefits for qualified retirees...

Ngày tải lên: 17/02/2014, 23:20

... than required for thioflavin T (ThT)-based fibrillation assays (typical concentrations used are 3–10 lm), but is not sufficient for other biophysical studies. We therefore examined a number of methods ... applied to a carbon-coated formvar grid, left for 1 min, fixed with glu- taraldehye, wicked dry with filter paper, and 2% uranyl acetate was added and the mixture was incubated for 2 min. The grid was ... filtrate from fractions eluted at 150–200 mm NaCl. For both Ab(M1–40) and Ab(M1–42), all manipulations were performed at slightly alkaline pH to avoid the formation of structural contaminants pro- duced...

Ngày tải lên: 18/02/2014, 13:20

... lm. A new method for mouse endothelial cell culture T. Yamaguchi et al. 1990 FEBS Journal 275 (2008) 1988–1998 ª 2008 The Authors Journal compilation ª 2008 FEBS Development of a new method for isolation ... University of Tokyo, Japan) for providing pCAG-Cre; Dr Ikuo Yana (Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Japan) for help in per- forming endothelial tube formation experiments. This work ... Tokyo, Japan). For immunocytochemistry, cells were fixed on ice with 4% PFA in NaCl ⁄ P i for 10 min, incubated in methanol at )20 °C for 20 min, and rehydrated in NaCl ⁄ P i . For detec- tion...

Ngày tải lên: 18/02/2014, 17:20

... representations for rare words than C&W embeddings that have not received many training updates. Another contribution of our work is a default method for setting the scaling parameter for word embeddings. ... anonymous reviewers for useful discussion. Thank you to Andriy Mnih for inducing his embeddings on RCV1 for us. Joseph Turian and Yoshua Bengio acknowledge the following agencies for re- search funding ... {−2, −1, 0, +1, +2}, w i ∧ w i+1 for i in {−1, 0}. • Tag features: w i for i in {−2, −1, 0, +1, +2}, t i ∧ t i+1 for i in {−2, −1, 0, +1}. t i ∧ t i+1 ∧ t i+2 for i in {−2, −1, 0}. • Embedding...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 04:20

... Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics, pages 211–219, Portland, Oregon, June 19-24, 2011. c 2011 Association for Computational Linguistics Goodness: A Method for Measuring Machine ... on the information from the forward-backward inference. One approach is to directly use the conditional prob- abilities of the whole sequence. However, this quan- tity is the confidence measure for ... Figure 4 shows the performance of different classifiers trained with different feature sets on development and unseen test sets. On the unseen test set our proposed features outperform WPP and target POS...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 04:20

... 100. For future work, integrating SEPA into the rerank- ing process seems a promising direction for enhanc- ing overall parser performance. Acknowledgement. We would like to thank Dan Roth for ... input for systems that require high quality parses, what matters most is that SEPA outperforms the MR baseline at the high k ranges. Figure 4 (bottom) shows the same pattern of re- sults for the ... Linguistics, pages 408–415, Prague, Czech Republic, June 2007. c 2007 Association for Computational Linguistics An Ensemble Method for Selection of High Quality Parses Roi Reichart ICNC Hebrew University...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 12:20

... Empirical Methods in Nat- ural Language Processing, pages 9–16, Philadel- phia, July 2002. SIGDAT, Association for Com- putational Linguistics. Taku Kudo and Yuji Matsumoto. Fast methods for kernel-based ... level of optimization is not controlled. For example, no attempt was made to reduce the training time for na¨ıve Bayes, or to re- duce the testing time for the KPCA-based model. Nevertheless, ... dimensions) and their first three principal components as transformed via PCA and KPCA. Observed vectors PCA-transformed vectors KPCA-transformed vectors Class t (x 1 t , x 2 t , x 3 t ) (z 1 t , z 2 t ,...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 16:20

... increase the performance of a speech translation system. This paper proposes a method for correcting errors using the statistical features of character co-occurrence, and evaluates the method. The ... use of our proposed method as a post-processor for speech recognition is likely to make a significant contribution to the performance of speech translation systems. method also obtains reliably ... 97). However, these methods do not carry out any error correction on a recognition result, but only specify correct parts in it. In this paper we therefore propose a method for correcting errors,...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 18:20