methanol and propanoic acid ester

... the risk of polymerization and acidification and of the appearance of insoluble sediments and gums, which can lead to filter plugging and deposits in the fuel systems Esterified soybean oil was ... 80 % of jatropha oil methyl ester and 20 % of tallow oil methyl ester by volume, JP 50:50 = Blend of 50 % of jatropha oil methyl ester and 50 % of palm oil methyl ester by volume, JT 50:50 = ... % of jatropha oil methyl ester and 50 % of tallow oil methyl ester by volume, SFCt 50:50 = Blend of 50 % of sunflower oil methyl ester and 50 % of coconut oil methyl ester by volume, JCt 50:50...

Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 15:28

... Mineral acid is used as a catalyst 14.2 Esters Acid hydrolysis of Esters Acid hydrolysis products are: • Acid • Alcohol 14.2 Esters Base hydrolysis of Esters The base catalyzed hydrolysis of an ester: ... Phosphoesters and Thioesters • Phosphoric acid reacts with alcohols to produce a phosphate ester or phosphoester • The ester can then react with a second or third acid to give phosphoric acid anhydrides ... anhydrides • ADP and ATP of biochemistry fame are important examples of phosphate esters and Thioesters 14.4 Nature’s High Energy Compounds: Phosphoesters Phosphoric Acid Esters Ester bond NH2...

Ngày tải lên: 15/03/2014, 22:01

... products from DCAA and TCAA by o hydrothermal reaction at 250 C and MPa Journal of Water and Environment Technology, Vol.1, No.2, 2003 acid, % of glycolic acid and % of formic acid were detected ... organic acid, chlorine ion and DOC, all samples were filtered to separate solid materials, using micro-syringes and filters with pore size of 0.45 µm RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Glycolic acid Formic acid ... malic acid decreased, and was converted into more simple organic acids as reaction time increased Glycolic acid increased up to 28 % at 27 min, and then decreased gradually However, formic acid...

Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 08:40

... fatty acids, and the ratio of each fatty acid RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Characteristics of carbon stable isotope in Z japonica The mean δ13C of Z japonica was -12.4 ± 1.6‰ in the leaves and stems, and ... the roots and rhizomes Meanwhile, Z marina in the leaves and stems has -9.7 ± 1.0‰, and in the roots and rhizomes has -9.6 ± 1.0‰ Fig shows that the leaves and stems as well as the roots and rhizomes ... We found about 30 kinds of fatty acids in the leaves and stems and about 36 kinds of fatty acids in the roots and rhizomes of Z japonica We focused on the fatty acid content of Z japonica , because...

Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 10:17

... Sulphonic Acid Esters 6.3 Miscellaneous Sulphonic Acid Esters Various other aromatic or aliphatic sulphonic acid chlorides have been reacted with polysaccharides Substituted benzenesulphonic acid esters ... sulphonic acid esters of polysaccharides exhibit a high reactivity and have to be handled carefully The conversion of trifluoromethanesulphonic acid anhydride with methyl cellulose and cellulose ... 118 Sulphonic Acid Esters Fig 6.1 Typical sulphonic acid esters of polysaccharides Table 6.1 Influence of reaction time and temperature on the conversion of mercerised...

Ngày tải lên: 25/10/2013, 16:20

... essential oil and shikimic acid from star anise fruits With this method, obtaining yield of essential oil and shikimic acid respectively are 9.5% and 5.6% (essential oil content and shikimic acid content ... Sciences and Technology 26 (2010) 110-113 for obtaining simultaneously essential oil and shikimic acid from star anise fruits The yield of essential oil and shikimic acid were 9.5% and 5.6% (r.m), ... obtained by methods N0 1, N0 and N0 were shown at table and table Table Obtaining simultaneously essential oil and shikimic acid from star anise fruits by methods N0 1, N0 and N0 Method N0 N0 N0 Star...

Ngày tải lên: 12/02/2014, 17:20

... and 450 nm Molecular mass information was obtained as described [6], determining the elution volumes of standard proteins and the void volume of the column The Superdex 200 PC 3.2/30 column and ... 271) 165 Materials and methods Plasmid construction In general, PCR amplifications were performed with VentDNA-polymerase (New England Biolabs) The entire sequences of the dfp and coaB coding regions ... (forward) 5¢-GCCAGTTTTGAATTCTGGAAAGCGC CTCG-3¢ and (reverse) 5¢-CGGGTCCAAGATCTTAA CGTCGATTTTTTTC-3¢ as primers (introduced EcoRI and BglII sites are underlined) and the purified chromosomal DNA as template...

Ngày tải lên: 19/02/2014, 12:20

... H [18] and has been reported to be important for substrate binding for E coli RNase HI [28], as in Halobacterium and S tokodaii enzymes On the other hand, the C-terminal region (amino acid residues ... phosphodiesterase Lanes 0–4 represent samples incubated with each protein (0, 0.012, 0.12, 1.2 and 12 pmolÆmL)1, respectively) In the lanes for ‘N-domain and C-domain’, both N-terminal and C-terminal ... Deoxyribonucleotides and ribonucleotides are shown by uppercase and lowercase letters, respectively The asterisk and the black arrowhead indicate the fluorescent-labeled site and the RNA–DNA junction,...

Ngày tải lên: 19/02/2014, 18:20

... tubingensis (95.7% amino acid sequence identity) and A aculeatus (78.9% amino acid sequence identity) and lower similarity to bacterial endogalactanases (between 21% and 28% amino acid sequence identity) ... International (Bray, Ireland) Taq polymerase was from Gibco BRL (Breda, The Netherlands) All other standard chemicals were either obtained from Sigma or Merck Potato arabinogalactan and onion arabinogalactan ... plates and purified by rescreening at low plaque density Standard methods were used for other DNA manipulations, such as Southern analysis, subcloning, DNA digestions, and lambda phage and plasmid...

Ngày tải lên: 21/02/2014, 01:21

... amino acids (i.e Q, N, S, and T) and an increase in charged amino -acid residues (i.e K, E, and R) in hyperthermophilic proteins As S and T can catalyze the deamination and backbone cleavage of Q and ... 0.981, is based on the elution data of the 200, 150, and 66 kDa protein standards Linear regressions (1) and (2) give molecular masses of 200 and 177.5 kDa, respectively, for BLXI q FEBS 2001 ... The amounts of fructose and xylulose produced were determined using the cysteine/carbazole/sulfuric acid method Absorbance was measured at 537 nm and 560 nm for xylulose and fructose, respectively...

Ngày tải lên: 22/02/2014, 07:20

... expression vector Effect of unliganded RARa and RXRa and retinoic acid (RA) treatments on GnRH II promoter activity To investigate the in vivo effect of RARa and RXR on the transcriptional regulation ... regulation of GnRH II gene by RARs, TE671 and JEG-3 cells were treated with all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA; a ligand of RARs) and ⁄ or 9-cisRA (a ligand of RXRs) before the measurement of GnRH ... hGnRH II gene in TE671 and JEG-3 cells In vivo effect of RARa and RXRa with their ligands, ATRA and 9-cisRA, on the promoter activity of the hGnRH II gene in TE671 cells and JEG-3 cells Values...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 10:20

... into SFC and FFC, SFD, FFD and FFD-500 groups SFC and SFD groups received AIN-76 basal diet, whereas FFC and FFD groups received AIN-76 diet, wherein starch was replaced with 5% wheat bran and 2.5% ... with distilled water and reduced using sodium borohydride Excess sodium borohydride was destroyed by adding m acetic acid and again repeatedly co-distilled with methanol and dried in a dessicator ... end of experimental period and, as expected, showed increased urine output, excretion of sugar and increase in glomerular filtration rate Feeding dietary fiber and butyric acid resulted in the amelioration...

Ngày tải lên: 22/03/2014, 17:20

... of N-benzyl-N-acetylhydroxamic acid (Table 3, Entries and 2) Typically hydroxamic acids are cleaved using Mg(Hg)/TiC14 Disappointingly, when the simple hydroxamic acid was treated with SmI2 only ... processes and a general guide to functional group compatibility see: (a) Molander, G A Organic Reactions; Paquette, L A., Ed.; John Wiley and Sons: New York, 1994; Vol 46, pp 211-367 (b) Brandukova, ... br s, dd, dq, br t and ABq stand for the resonance multiplicity singlet, doublet, triplet, quartet, broad singlet, doublet of doublets, double of quartets, broad triplet, and AB quartet, respectively...

Ngày tải lên: 22/03/2014, 18:20

... Neu5Ac and the adjacent hexose No relevant ring fragments were observed between C2 and C3, which is consistent with a 1–3 linkage between Hex and HexNAc The ring fragment ions 0,2A4 and 2,4A4, and ... N-acetylneuraminic acid; X, aldohexonic acid The numbers above the horizontal arrows represents the number of acidic groups n1 had the composition HNS (H, hexose; N, N-acetylhexosamine; S, N-acetylneuraminic acid) , ... linkage between HexNAc and the adjacent hexose The ring fragment ions 0,2A5, 0,2A5-18 and 2,4A5, and the lack of 0,3A5, are indicative of a 1– link between the reducing end Hex and the adjacent Hex...

Ngày tải lên: 29/03/2014, 09:20

... NaCl and mM KCl, pH 7.0), and 0.6 mL fractions were collected Samples of lL were removed from each fraction and counted in a c counter Fractions containing 125 I-labeled hemolin were pooled and ... lacking the O-antigen and parts of the inner-core and outer-core polysaccharide, and lipid A alone could also partially compete for hemolin binding to smooth LPS Rough mutants Rd and Re, containing ... Ó FEBS 2002 1828 X.-Q Yu and M R Kanost (Eur J Biochem 269) EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURES Hemolin and microbial components Hemolin from hemolymph of naive wandering stage larvae (hemolin form...

Ngày tải lên: 31/03/2014, 09:20

...  CH + H2O  CH3COCH3 Oxi hóa cumen H+, t0: C6H5CH(CH3)2 + O2  CH3COCH3 + C6H5OH C Carbocyclic Acid I CTC: CnH2n + – 2k – a(COOH)a (n  0, k  0, a  1) hay R(COOH)a II Lý tính: Ở đk thường, ... với KCN, thủy phân sản phẩm axit: R – X  R – CN  RCOOH Điều chế CH3COOH: CH3OH + CO  CH3COOH Ester CTC: CnH2n + – 2k – 2aO2a (n  2, k  0, a  1) Định nghĩa: Khi thay nhóm – OH nhóm cacboxyl ... số dẫn xuất: (1): Anhiđrit axit: RCO – O – COR (2): Halogenua axit: RCOX (3): Amit: RCONR2’ Tên ester: Tên gốc HC R’ + tên gốc axit (tên thường) + at Lý tính: V Ở đk thường, este thể lỏng, nhẹ...

Ngày tải lên: 02/04/2014, 12:20

... air contaminants, over retention of methanol and ethanol by the sorbent Results for concentrations of methanol and ethanol, measured inside and outside the lab and at urban sites, are given in Table ... here impinger; Teflon and silicone tubes; ethanol, methanol and acetonitrile, analytical grade (Merck); water, distilled and further purified in an E-Pure (Altech) system; and ‘zero’ gases (nitrogen, ... 1850 mg × 27 mm × mm i.d.) and florisil (125 mm ×900 mg ×24 mm × mm i.d.)); glass Fig Chromatograms for methanol and ethanol determinations from: (a) a standard dilution; and (b) a sample collected...

Ngày tải lên: 26/05/2014, 17:25

Ngày tải lên: 27/06/2014, 17:20

... of NFκB and RARs on Sox9 function and cartilage matrix gene expression We found that atRA and TNF-α signalling converge in the nucleus to promote greater reductions in Sox9 activity and matrix ... (Figure 6; compare lanes and 4, and lanes 10 and 12) Furthermore, atRA decreased the intensity of TNF-α-activated complexes bound to the κB consensus site (Figure 6; compare lanes and to 10) When chondrocytes ... bar), and are expressed as means ± standard error (the number of independent experiments was six for panel a and four for panel b) Data were evaluated by repeated measures analysis of variance and...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 10:22

... MATERIALS AND METHODS Mass bred populations of D immigrans from north India (Manali, 32° 0’N and Rohtak, 28° 54’N) and south India (Pune, 18° 35’N and Bangalore, 12° 58’N) were used for ethanol and ... were to analyse acetic -acid and ethanol utilisation in geographical populations of D immigrans as well as to analyse microspatial differentiation in ethanol and acetic -acid utilisation in local ... slices were stained for the ADH gene-enzyme system by standard staining procedures (Harris and Hopkinson, 1976) The adult ethanol and acetic -acid tolerance patterns were assessed following the procedures...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 18:21