low k structures for 3d integrated circuit and packaging applications

... the formula e i ⋅ e k e k k k =1 e′ i −1 e′i = e i −  Exercises for Chapter Let P = 2, 2,1 and Q = 1, −2,0 Calculate the following (a) P ⋅ Q (b) P × Q (c) proj P Q Orthogonalize the following ... follows i× j =k j× k = i k i = j (2.33) 24 Vectors The cross product of two of the vectors in reverse order yields the negation of the third vector as follows j × i = k k × j = −i (2.34) i × k ... listings make use of simple structures such as Triangle and Edge or mathematical classes such as Vector3D and Matrix3D The source code for these can also be found on the website The language used for...

Ngày tải lên: 29/05/2014, 17:21

... internal design and back-end components relevant to data providers and private installations The installation is straightforward and requires basic knowledge of common open source software For the purposes ... results, and web service links Web service pages allow a user to interact with data stored in the xGDB system, for example invoking BLAST for sequence comparisons [12,25] or GeneSeqer for spliced ... cDNA and EST objects shown in Figure 5, which inherit both from the Sequence object and the GeneSeqerSequence object Method callbacks and subroutine hooks are used in the DSO framework to allow...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 17:22

... Fitzpatrick [268], Maintz and Viergever [256], Lester and Arridge [239], Pluim et al [311], and Zitova and Flusser [432] A book covering various landmark selection methods and their applications ... Lijun Ding, and Marcel Jackowski, have contributed to this book in various ways and I appreciate their contributions I also would like to thank Libby Stephens for editing the grammar and style ... would like to thank NASA for providing the satellite images and Kettering Medical Center, Kettering, Ohio, for providing the medical images used in this book I also would like to thank Shree Nayar...

Ngày tải lên: 06/03/2014, 12:20

... transfer and knowledge work and the implications for managers and others planning for and using information technologies Dr Karen Stephenson, a corporate anthropologist and the president of Netform ... searching the Web, and downloading, and we not spend enough time analyzing this information, understanding it, asking what it means for our work, for what we do, for what we produce and why Another ... not taking advantage of the virtual market because we are operating out of habit, not thinking forward The building Skidmore, Owings & Merrill is designing for Andersen Consulting looks like it...

Ngày tải lên: 29/03/2014, 13:20

... Dr Saowapa Kiattichai, Dr Hongyuang Chen, Dr Kazuteru Namba, Dr Ganesan Umanesan, Dr Haruhiko Kaneko, Dr Kazuyoshi Suzuki, Mr Tsuyoshi Tanaka, Mr Toshihiko Kashiyama, and Mr Hiroyuki Ohde devoted ... V and for all scalar c F cðu þ vÞ ¼ cu þ cv for all u, v V and for all scalar c F ða þ bÞv ¼ av þ bv for all v V and for all scalars a, b F ðabÞv ¼ aðbvÞ, 1v ¼ v, and 0v ¼ for all v V and for ... others For instance, if ck 6¼ 0, then we have vk ¼ cÀ1 ðc1 v1 þ c2 v2 þ Á Á Á þ ckÀ1 vkÀ1 Þ k ¼ d1 v1 þ d2 v2 þ Á Á Á þ dkÀ1 vkÀ1 for di ¼ cÀ1 ci and i ¼ 1; 2; ; k À k LINEAR CODES 35 Definition...

Ngày tải lên: 03/06/2014, 01:48

... Guide for Decision-Makers (New York:€United Nations, 1990) 18 Ibid 19 R P Buckley, Emerging Markets Debt:€An Analysis of the Secondary Market (Kluwer:€L ondon, 1999), 1–330; and R P Buckley, ... biological diversity and facilitating access for the poor to safe water and sanitation services.106 forgiveness For more information, see the IMF and World Bank, “A New Initiative for the CIS 7” (February ... “Debt -for- Nature Swaps”, 335 For example, see von Moltke, “Debt -for- Nature”, and Sher, “Can Lawyers Save the Rainforest?” 54 Brijesh Thapa, “The Relationship between Debt -for- Nature Swaps and Protected...

Ngày tải lên: 03/11/2014, 18:36

Ngày tải lên: 14/11/2014, 08:12

... DMOAP for and then 2% TEA for h and (b) DMOAP for and then incubated in 50 M P1 for 12 h The aldehyde-terminated and DMOAP-coated silicon trough plates were used as references for (a) and (b), ... SINGAPORE Acknowledgements ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS First of all, I would like to thank my parents and my husband for their infinite love and support They have been the source of courage when I was down and ... Evelyn for their kind supports in my experiments Finally, I would like to thank Chinese government for giving me the award for outstanding self-financed students abroad in 2008 I would also like...

Ngày tải lên: 12/09/2015, 10:22

... Garipcan B, Duman M, Piskin E: Formation and organization of amino terminated self-assembled layers on Si(001) surface Nanoscale Res Lett 2007, 2:350 Krishnamoorthy A, Chanda K, Murarka S, Ramanath G, ... and synthetic strategy YL and ZC participated in the synthesis and characterization of the target molecule, and performed the statistical analysis YW participated in the design of the study and ... peaks of C1s, O1s, and N1s are observed for the untreated substrate, while the peaks of N1s, S2s, S2p, Si2s, and Si2p corresponding to the TESPA SAM-covered substrate The results confirmed the formation...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 01:20

... enhance the current backside fault localization capability ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS First and foremost, I would like to thank my main supervisor, Prof Jacob Phang for his guidance for the last years, ... industries currently and in the near future For these, I would like to take this opportunity to thank Semicaps and the staff iii Another key collaborator in this project is Dr Frank Zachariasse from ... RSIL and (b) analogous DSIL Schematic design of a DSIL (a) with diameter D1 and (b) D2 where D2 > D1 Schematic design of a DSIL with designed focal point at (a) k1 d and (b) k2 d where k2 > k1 and...

Ngày tải lên: 30/09/2015, 06:19

Ngày tải lên: 09/01/2014, 02:12

... like to thank Kiri and Esther for their kind support References H Dang, J Lin, and D Kelly 2006 Overview of the TREC 2006 question answering track In Proc of TREC 2006 W Hildebrandt, B Katz, and ... system’s output and V is the set of all binary vital/okay distinction in a straightforward way: vital reference nuggets; wm and wn are the weights of nuggets get a score of one, and okay nuggets ... because unlike these NLP annotation tasks, where the products are used primarily by other NLP system components, IR (and likewise QA) is an end-user task These systems are intended for real world...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 12:20

... relationships For some stocks these interactions are known to some extent which allow for multi-species bio-economic modelling and analysis For many others, these are not known and, therefore, depletion ... useful framework for ICAM for integrating environmental and economic information necessary for weighing up the costs and benefits of different policies and development strategies 15 The applications ... Nations and the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations The handbook is the first of a series of handbooks, which support the implementation of the handbook of national accounting Integrated...

Ngày tải lên: 06/03/2014, 21:20

... understanding, encouragement, and support during the conception and composition of this book We also thank very much Elizabeth Dougherty and Pasupathy Rathika for their assistance, efforts and patience during ... important for low- voltage and low- power analog circuits Ids ∝ e Vgs −Vth nVT (2.2) For a few years now, this technique is more and more applied to digital circuits as well [17] Objectives are a low ... Ageing and wear-out Signal coupling and cross-talk Supply voltage and package noise These unwieldy and mostly nonlinear effects need to be tackled and controlled by process engineers and designers...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 08:20

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 16:20

... to Dr Mikko Utriainen at Environics Ltd in several meetings Publications 6.1 Refereed Journal Articles [1] S Saukko, U Lassi, V Lantto, M Kroneld, S Novikov, P Kuivalainen, T.T Rantala, and J Mizsei, ... thick film and monocrystalline thin films, Thin Solid Films 2005 In press [2] L.F Reyes, S Saukko, H Hoel, V Lantto, and C.G Granqvist Structure engineering of WO3 nanoparticles for porous film applications ... Chemical, 105(2):283–289, 2005 [4] V Lantto, S Saukko, N.N Toan, L.F Reyes, and C.G Granqvist Gas sensing with perovskitelike oxides having ABO3 and BO3 structures Journal of Electroceramics, 13:721–...

Ngày tải lên: 20/03/2014, 13:05

... morphology and syntax, by means of which we hope to boost parsing accuracy and improve morphological disambiguation Acknowledgments I would like to thank Khalil Sima’an for supervising this work, Remko ... Scha, Rens Bod and Jelle Zuidema for helpful comments, and Alon Itai, Yoad Winter and Shuly Wintner for discussion The Knowledge Center for Hebrew Processing provided corpora and tools, and Roy Bar-Haim ... nouns marked for possession, and Set C adds the distinction between finite and non-finite verb forms Evaluation We use seven measures to evaluate our models’ performance on the integrated task 10 At...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 18:20

... synonym function does not inflect the candidates in the form of the original token Starting From it, it performs a morphological analysis, finds its stem and looks for the synonyms in the corresponding ... additional marks for hyphenation points (for later use by a formatter performing automatic syllable partition), and several other for foreign and Latin words, geographical terms, etc that many paradigms ... met and the main tasks performed Starling from syntactic marks in the inflected forms dictionary, an entry in the synonym dictionary will appear as many times as parts of speech it is assigned For...

Ngày tải lên: 24/03/2014, 05:21

... to be taken to landfill sites The trucks and trolleys are used for transportation of waste and it is dumped in landfill sites Land fills (Value of Land): The value of land that is used for dumping ... We are thankful to past project team members (Saudamini Sharma, Pallavi Maitra, Kapil, D.Vidya, Manoj and IRADe staffs) for their sincere efforts Special thanks to Dr Kirit Parikh for his valuable ... information Environmental information linked with the national accounts can, therefore, be quickly and easily integrated into existing economic decision-making processes Third and perhaps the most important...

Ngày tải lên: 29/03/2014, 14:20

... μm2 showed nonlinear concave-like I–V characteristics even at 300 K; however the stack with A ≥ μm2 were shown an ohmic-like I–V characteristic at 300 K for both low and high-current biasing It ... (MEMS), Micro-electronics (semiconductor devices and integrated circuit technology) and Nanotechnology This kind of machining can be applicable for the bulk materials in which the unwanted portions ... methods are not capable of making true 3D structures e.g free form surfaces and also limited in range of materials Mechanical machining is capable of making free form surfaces in wide range of...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 02:20