learning lexicalized reordering models from reordering graphs

... method is also general to other lexicalized reordering models. We plan to apply our method to the complex lexicalized reordering models, for example, the hierarchical reordering model (Galley and ... brief introduction to the traditional lexicalized reordering model. Then we introduce our method to estimate the reordering probabilities from reordering graphs. The experimental results are reported ... Estimation of Reordering Probabilities Based on Reordering Graph In this section, we first describe the traditional lexi- calized reordering model, and then illustrate how to construct reordering graphs...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 16:20

Ngày tải lên: 30/03/2014, 21:20

... Cardie (2002b) for details. Learning algorithms. We consider three learning algorithms, namely, the C4.5 decision tree induction system (Quinlan, 1993), the RIPPER rule learning algorithm (Cohen, ... select these learning- based coreference systems and acquire the ranking model. 3.1 Selecting Coreference Systems A learning- based coreference system can be defined by four elements: the learning algorithm ... the correct partition derived from the training text. We then assign rank to the -th lowest scored parti- tion. 4 Effectively, the learning algorithm learns what a good partition is from the scoring program. 4 Two...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 15:20

... trigram language models we used the SRI language modelling toolkit (Stol- cke, 2002) with Good-Turing discounting. The first model was generated directly from the MP3 corpus we got from the GF grammar. ... Context-sensitive models and specifically grammars for different contexts have been explored earlier (Baggia et al, 1997; Wright et al, 1999; Lemon, 2004) but generating such language models artificially from ... (53.19) rived from the same GF interpretation grammar. However the flexibility of the SLM gives a relative improvement of 37% over the Nuance grammar. The models giving the best results are the models interpolated...

Ngày tải lên: 22/02/2014, 02:20

... α-particles from a metal surface. The lead plate P is situated between the α-source AB (an active glass tube) and the detecting screen S (observed with microscope M). The only path from source ... apparatus used by Geiger to study α-scattering. In a 2 m evacuated glass tube, the α-particles from the source R passed through a narrow slit S, producing an image on the phosphorescent screen ... one, and then two metal foils. The microscope M could be adjusted to move across the screen. [From Geiger 1908, p. 174] 35 There had been conflicting interpretations of the experimental...

Ngày tải lên: 22/02/2014, 08:20

... High- Performance Semi-Supervised Learning using Dis- criminatively Constrained Generative Models. In Pro- ceedings of the International Conference on Machine Learning (ICML 2010), pages 319–326. John ... 2011. c 2011 Association for Computational Linguistics Learning Condensed Feature Representations from Large Unsupervised Data Sets for Supervised Learning Jun Suzuki, Hideki Isozaki, and Masaaki Nagata NTT ... features for depen- dency parsing data derived from PTB-III. 1 Introduction In the last decade, supervised learning has become a standard way to train the models of many natural language processing...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 22:20

... Dahl (1982) and Warren and Pereira (1982) inter a//a. 245 Acquisition of Conceptual Data Models from Natural Language Descriptions William J.Black, Department of Computation, UMIST, PO ... interfaces. Within this problem class, the specific task of obtaining explicit conceptual data models from natural language text or dialogue is being investigated. The knowledge brought to bear ... conceptual data models, e.g. Excellerator, Information Engineering Workbench, and Blues. The system enables the user to draw diagrams using a mouse input device. The user selects from the symbols...

Ngày tải lên: 09/03/2014, 01:20

... conference on Machine learning, ICML ’08, pages 648–655. Raymond J. Mooney. 2008a. Learning language from its perceptual context. In Proceedings of ECML/PKDD. Raymond J. Mooney. 2008b. Learning to connect ... can be made from wood. (a) Low Level Actions for: wood → pickaxe → stone step 1: move from (0,0) to (2,0) step 2: chop tree at: (2,0) step 3: get wood at: (2,0) step 4: craft plank from wood step ... relations from text and to per- form high-level planning guided by those rela- tions. We implement this idea in the reinforce- ment learning framework using feedback au- tomatically obtained from...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 19:20

... syntactic information into vector-based models. In this view, the semantic space is constructed from words that occurrence counts are constructed over words like in traditional semantic space models, it is only words which ... also differ from Livesay and Burgess (1997) who found that mediated primes were fur- ther from their targets than unrelated controls, us- ing however a model and corpus different from the ones ... vector space models can, at least to a certain degree, dis- tinguish among different types of lexical relations, while this seems to be more difficult for traditional semantic space models. The...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 06:20

... such as the !e, t ex- pression from the example derivation in Section 3. 4.1 Background: CCG CCG is a lexicalized, mildly context-sensitive parsing formalism that models a wide range of linguistic ... ex- 976 Example #1: (a) show me the flights from boston to philly λx.flight(x) ∧ from( x, bos) ∧ to(x, phi) (b) show me the ones that leave in the morning λx.flight(x) ∧ from( x, bos) ∧ to(x, phi) ∧ dur ing(x, ... aircraft(x) = y Example #2: (a) show me flights from milwaukee to orlando λx.flight(x) ∧ from( x, mil) ∧ to(x, orl) (b) cheapest argmin(λx.flight(x) ∧ from( x, mil) ∧ to(x, orl), λy.fare(y)) (c) departing...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 16:21

... approach is able to accurately extract relations from the web by learning from such weak supervision. 2 Problem Description We address the task of learning a relation extrac- tion system targeted ... relations from web documents. Acknowledgments We would like to thank the anonymous reviewers for their helpful suggestions. This work was supported by grant IIS-0325116 from the NSF, and a gift from Google ... examples. As formulated above, the learning task can be seen as an instance of multiple instance learning. However, there are important properties that set it apart from problems previously considered...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 18:20

... paper, we analysed a range of models that were – at that time – being used to explain the processes involved in design & technology. These ranged from simple linear models (Figure 5-1) to cyclical ... activity in terms of the the models were themselves refined. We recognised however that all these products that result from it. Instead we concentrated on the thinking and models were based on an ... modelling tests allowed 1½ hours of activity, including using Researching Design Learning Issues and Findings from Two Decades and of Research and Development RICHARD KIMBELL KAY STABLES Goldsmiths,...

Ngày tải lên: 24/03/2014, 02:20

... objects to build the objects’ 3D models manually and then apply the texture on these models. However, the methods require enormous manual effort. On the other hand, 3D models qualities do not really ... well as efficient methods to reconstruct 3D models. A new approach is investigated to reduce the human effort is to build 3D models automatically from images [1]. In this paper, we introduce ... VNU Journal of Science, Mathematics - Physics 23 (2007) 9-14 9 A process of building 3D models from images Bui The Duy, Ma Thi Chau * College of Technology, VNU 144 Xuan Thuy, Cau Giay,...

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Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 20:20

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 20:20

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 17:20