latitudinal variation in solar radiation
Short-Wave Solar Radiation in the Earth’s Atmosphere Part 1 pot
... SchimmelTypesetting: LE-TeX Jelonek, Schmidt & Vöckler GbR, LeipzigPrinting: Mercedes-Druck, BerlinBinding: Stein +Lehmann, BerlinPrinted on acid-free paper 32/3141/as 5 4 3 2 1 02 Solar Radiation in ... book.The following main types ofradiation(andtheir energy) are distinguished in radiation transferring thr oughout the atmosphere: direct radiation (radiation coming to the point immediately ... within different spectral ranges.As is seen from above, it is possible to divide all radiation int o solar and self(heat) radiation. In this book, we are considering only solar radiation in...
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Short-Wave Solar Radiation in the Earth’s Atmosphere Part 2 ppsx
... are taking intoaccount that the enhancing of emitted energy within the elementary volumecould occur also owing to the scattering of external radiation coming to the28 Solar Radiation in the ... within the radiation field. In general case both the extinction and the enhancing of energy of radiation passing through this volume are taking place (Fig. 1.6). Let I be the radianceincoming ... condition accepted in Sect. 1.1 we are considering solar radiation incoming to the plane atmosphere top as an incident solar parallelflux F0from direction (ϑ0, ϕ0). Then, deducing the intensity...
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Short-Wave Solar Radiation in the Earth’s Atmosphere Part 3 doc
... mainpartofthesolardownwellingirradianceinaclearsky.Thepitchinfluenceonthe accounting of direct radiation in the measured irradiance was obviouslyowing to the deviation of the angle of the solar ... We are neglecting the radiation scattering in the optically thin clear atmosphere between the cloud layers and in theunderlying clear layer and assuming that the lower layer adjoins the groundsurface ... approach was elaborated in a study (Melnikova andMinin 1977) for computing the downwelling and upwelling solar irradiances in the vertically heterogeneous medium consisting of two optically thick...
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Short-Wave Solar Radiation in the Earth’s Atmosphere Part 4 potx
... irradiance: solar radiation decreases owing to the radiation extinction in the atmosphere.For the upwelling irradiancethis effect pointstothe predominanceofscatteringprocesses over absorption processes in ... indicates the decreasing of bothupwelling and downwelling irradiances with the increasing of the atmosphericpressure in all cases. This behavior is evident for the downwelling irradiance: solar ... experiment planning and data processing was the minimization of therandom uncertainty of the results and correction of the systematic uncertaintyduring instrument calibration.Increasing the measurement...
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Short-Wave Solar Radiation in the Earth’s Atmosphere Part 5 pptx
... Isakov VYu (1990) Radiation – hydrooptics experiments in lakes. Nauka, Leningrad (in Russian)Kondratyev KYa, Binenko VI, Melnikova IN (1996) Cloudiness absorption of solar radiation in visual spectral ... spectrometer for inves-tigation of short-wav e radiation field in the atmosphere. In: Pr oblems o f AtmosphericPhysics. 6:Leningrad University Press, Leningrad, pp 175–181 (in Russian)Minin IN (1988) ... exists and it is mostly evinced in the shortwave spectral region.The main result of the study by Minnet (1999) is the following: solar zenithangle is critical in determining whether clouds heat...
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Tài liệu Seasonal variation in the incidence of preeclampsia and eclampsia in tropical climatic conditions ppt
... average rainfall during the study period.Graph showing the variation in the monthly average morning relative humidity during the study periodFigure 3Graph showing the variation in the monthly ... ofenergy intake, physical activity and season. Br J Nutr 2005,93(2):199-203.Graph showing the variation in the monthly average rainfall during the study periodFigure 4Graph showing the variation in ... preeclampsia in the dry and wet seasons thatoccur in Zimbabwe [12]. All these studies have assessed ifthere was a seasonal variation in the incidence of preec-lampsia. Interestingly Phillips et al, in...
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Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: Mg2+-modulated KMnO4 reactivity of thymines in the open transcription complex reflects variation in the negative electrostatic potential along the separated DNA strands ppt
... determined by the different sizes of thesubstituents. In the case of TpT, intramolecular stack-ing of thymine residues brings the two C(5)¼C(6)bonds in close proximity, thereby increasing the ... model assuming a single Mg2+-binding site involved in the screening of negativephosphate charges:oxkMg¼oxk þ Df½Mg2þÂKscr=ð1 þ½Mg2þÂKscrÞgð2Þwhere Kscris a screening constant, ... depending on their location. It was thus ofinterest to determine screening isotherms for variouslypositioned thymine residues, analogous to thoseobtained for the nucleotides in the preceding...
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The Sun to the Earth -- and Beyond: A Decadal Research Strategy in Solar and Space Physics potx
... examined a variety ofissues related to both formal and informal education, including the incorpo-ration of solar and space physics content in science instruction at all levels,the training ... solar wind. The realm of the solar wind, which includes the entire solar system, is called the heliosphere. In the broadest sense, the heliosphere is a vast interconnected system offast-moving ... (2003, in press). In addition to the input from the five study panels, the committee alsoreceived information at a 2-day workshop convened in August 2001 toexamine in detail issues relating to...
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Báo cáo khoa học: Expression of cholinesterases in human kidney and its variation in renal cell carcinoma types pdf
... between acetylcholinesterases of kid-ney and erythrocytes in the extent of binding with thelectins concanavalin A, Lens culinaris agglutinin(LCA), and Ricinus communis agglutinin (RCA)(Fig. ... explain their wide distribution in tissues and cells [16], including stem cells [17].Increasing evidence links these noncatalytic actionswith the binding of cholinesterases to several proteinpartners. ... acetylcholin-esterase can interact with laminin and collagen IV[17,18], nicotinic receptors [19], amyloid b-peptide andpresenilin-1 [20], neuronal enolase, the scaffold proteinRACK1 and protein kinase...
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GEOGRAPHIC VARIATION IN U.S. THYROID CANCER INCIDENCE, AND A CLUSTER NEAR NUCLEAR REACTORS IN NEW JERSEY, NEW YORK, AND PENNSYLVANIA potx
... contributing factor in current U.S. thyroid cancer incidence rates. This finding merits further examination, especially in light of the fact that 104 such reactors continue to operate in the ... occurred in monitoring sites located in the northwestern states, including Boise Idaho, Spokane Washington, and Helena Montana. (30) However, 2001-2005 thyroid cancer incidence in these ... radioactive iodine is in food imported from other areas. Determining the sources of the food supply in an area, even in a single type of food such as milk, is a highly complex undertaking. The existence...
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