key principles of software architecture

... – Fitzhugh Dodson An example of a key indicator is the number of cold calls that you will make After deciding the key indicator you set a goal for that specific key indicator This step is to ... wants, and a burning desire to possess it.” – Napoleon Hill About 95% of all Americans not have goals Out of the remaining 5% of Americans that have goals, most set too many goals Why is this a ... think of solutions to solve these possible situations In Robert Kiyasaki’s classic, Rich Dad Poor Dad, Kiyasaki’s “rich dad” teaches him how the mind of the rich are different than that of the...

Ngày tải lên: 22/02/2014, 12:20

... the greatest attention in Principles of Computer Architecture include the choice of the instruction set architecture (ISA), the use of case studies, and a voluminous use of examples and exercises ... new hardware The hardware / software compatibility problem became so serious that users often delayed purchasing a new machine because of the cost of rewriting the software to run on the new hardware ... 601 TABLE OF CONTENTS 423 10.6 xix CASE STUDY: THE POWERPC™ 601 AS A SUPERSCALAR ARCHITECTURE 425 10.6.1 Instruction Set Architecture of the PowerPC 601 425 10.6.2 Hardware architecture of the PowerPC...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 20:21

... numbers, a few of which we have already explored Each representation has its own characteristics in terms of range, precision, and the number of representable numbers In an effort to improve software ... greater amount of internal precision during calculations to reduce the effects of roundoff errors The extended formats increase the widths of the exponents and fractions by a number of bits that ... interception of a Scud The conversion problem was known two weeks in advance of the Dhahran incident as a result of data provided by Israel, but it took until the day after the attack for new software...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 20:21

... high-resolution measure of real time for indicating the date and the time of day They provide a range of approximately 135 years, with a resolution of 128 ns • Registers in support of the operating ... four ways of computing the address of a value in memory: (1) a constant value, known at assembly time, (2) the contents of a register, (3) the sum of two registers, and (4) the sum of a register ... interprets the bytecodes in a software implementation of the JVM, or executes the bytecodes directly in a hardware implementation of the JVM 145 CHAPTER THE INSTRUCTION SET ARCHITECTURE 32 bits Byte...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 20:21

... 32 bits of 25 Low 32 bits of 25 High 32 bits of -1 Low 32 bits of -1 High 32 bits of result Low 32 bits of result Stop assembling An ARC program adds two 64-bit integers high order word of the ... significant 32 bits of A ! %r2 – Least significant 32 bits of A ! %r3 – Most significant 32 bits of B ! %r4 – Least significant 32 bits of B ! %r5 – Most significant 32 bits of C ! %r6 – Least ... a subset of the ARC processor can be implemented using these two design techniques 200 CHAPTER DATAPATH AND CONTROL 6.1 Basics of the Microarchitecture The functionality of the microarchitecture...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 20:21

... + ( No off-chip cache hits ) ( Off-chip cache hit time ) + ( No off-chip cache misses ) ( Off-chip cache miss time ) ⁄ Total number of memory accesses 7.6.7 CACHE MANAGEMENT Management of a cache ... executes on a computer, most of the memory references are made to a small number of locations Typically, 90% of the execution time of a program is spent in just 10% of the code This property is ... of architecture specification separates the design and implementation of the logic gates from the design of the MAJORITY entity It would be possible to have several different implementations of...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 20:21

... used exclusively for input of data We start with one of the most prevalent devices – the keyboard 8.6.1 KEYBOARDS Keyboards are used for manual input to a computer A keyboard layout using the ... ECMA-23 keyboard include the addition of function keys (in row F, for example), and the addition of special keys such as tab, delete, and carriage return A modification that places frequently used keys ... is a reserved section of a disk that keeps track of the makeup of the rest of the disk The MCB is normally stored in the same place on every disk for a particular type of computer system, such...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 20:21

... Frequency of occurrence of instruction types for a variety of languages The percentages not sum to 100 due to roundoff (Adapted from [Knuth, 1991].) Percentage of Percentage of Percentage of Number of ... the use of program analysis and benchmark programs to evaluate the impact of architecture upon performance Figure 10-1, taken from (Knuth, 1971), summarizes the frequency of occurrence of instructions ... central of ce, and there must be sufficient lines between central of ces to handle the maximum number of simultaneously held conversations A small number of physical connections, on the order of a...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 20:21

... the field of parallel processing in terms of architectures and algorithms (Flynn, 1972) covers the Flynn taxonomy of architectures (Yang and Gerasoulis, 1991) argue for maintaining a ratio of communication ... combinations (minterms) of the input variables for each of the two outputs Eight of the 16 control lines select the minterms that are needed in the sum -of- products form of each output PE’s communicate ... operating at a clock rate of 32 MHz Overall, the CM-5 provides a true mix of SIMD and MIMD styles of processing, and offers greater applicability than the stricter SIMD style of the CM-1 and CHAPTER...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 20:21

... of FSM design that impact the numbers and sizes of logic gates in implementations of FSMs B.2 Reduction of Two-Level Expressions It many cases the canonical sum -of- products (SOP) or product -of- sums ... unit (CLU) in that the outputs of a CLU at any time are strictly a function of the inputs at that time whereas the outputs of an FSM are a function of its past history of inputs s Further Reading ... variety of design situations The associative property of Boolean algebra can be used to decompose the OR gate that has a fan-in of four into a configuration of OR gates that each have a fan-in of two...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 20:21

... 32-63 of x ld [x+12], %r2 ! Load bits - 31 of x ld [y+8], %r3 ! Load bits 32 - 63 of y ld [y + 12], %r4 ! Load bits -31 of y call add_64 ! Add lower 64 bits st %r5, [z + 8] ! Store bits 32 - 63 of ... This is not a byte addressable architecture and so all addresses are in units of words, even though we SOLUTIONS TO PROBLEMS 579 might think of words in terms of 4-byte units 4.3 (a) Cartridge ... increases by a factor of every 18 months, which generalizes to a factor of x every 18x months If we want to figure the time at which computing power increases by a factor of 100, we need to sove...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 20:21

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2016, 23:49

... groups On this foundation of capabilities, A key resource of the manager of of managers into asset-type-specific the manager of managers structures managers is its base of information funds For ... cornerstone of of your payout rate on net portfolio your endowment’s investment policy value over time and a key responsibility of the govern- well as large-cap stocks, international Asset allocation software ... true nature of the institu- offer little chance of preserving the real value of the cor- tion They must remember, for example, that the time pus over time Equities offer the best chance of maintain-...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 23:21

... written software So why is testing necessary? - because software is likely to have faults - to learn about the reliability of the software - to fill the time between delivery of the software ... right first time) - Can a software system be reliable but still have faults? - Is a “fault free” software application always reliable? Why faults occur in software?    software is written by human ... on RISK - risk of missing important faults risk of incurring failure costs risk of releasing untested or under tested software risk of losing credibility and market share risk of missing a market...

Ngày tải lên: 12/05/2014, 11:08

... latest version of the 3GPP specifications describe the case of accesses to IMS over broadband fixed access 52 CHAPTER GENERAL PRINCIPLES OF THE IMS ARCHITECTURE Figure 3.13: NGN: core IMS architecture ... of the network The IMS allows operators to control the QoS a user gets, so that operators can differentiate certain groups of customers from others 28 CHAPTER GENERAL PRINCIPLES OF THE IMS ARCHITECTURE ... concatenation of two SIP User Agents) The AS interfaces the S-CSCF and the I-CSCF using SIP and the 36 CHAPTER GENERAL PRINCIPLES OF THE IMS ARCHITECTURE Figure 3.2: Three types of Application...

Ngày tải lên: 01/08/2014, 17:21

Ngày tải lên: 14/11/2014, 14:04

... hóa đặc biệt để khắc phục ảnh hưởng nhiễu Hai khía cạnh đưa Shannon báo “A Maththemathical Theroy of Communication” xuất năm 1948 Bell System Technical Journal - nơi đưa lý thuyết thông tin Shannon ... định lý quan trọng cho kỹ sư truyền thông Tài liệu tham khảo C E Shannon "A Mathematical Theory of Communication." Bell System Technical Journal, Vol 27, 1948 Tất kỹ sư truyền thông phải đọc báo...

Ngày tải lên: 18/09/2012, 10:13

... No preposition in 'Let's discuss it.' Prepositions after adjectives characteristic of independent of typical of We hope that the examples will help you find your way around in grammar books so ... relative clauses (They are essential to make the meaning of the sentence clear.) The woman who lives next door is very friendly I know a lot of people who live in Manchester The windows that were ... the basic message of the sentence.) Goethe, who died in 1832, was a famous writer Our car, which is quite old, is still reliable I'd like you to meet our secretaries, some of whom are bilingual...

Ngày tải lên: 05/10/2012, 09:58