... of Glucose with Inhibitors by Immobilized Cells 78 4.3 Conclusions 84 CHAPTER IMMOBILIZED- CELLHOLLOWFIBERMEMBRANEFORFERMENTATIONOFHIGHSUGARCONCENTRATION 86 5.1 Introduction ... properties ofhollowfibermembranefor the purpose of microbial immobilization Firstly, hollowfiberimmobilized cells, or immobilized cells in general, have numerous advantages compared to free cell ... develop an immobilized- cellhollowfibermembrane bioreactor to alleviate inhibitors in lignocellulosic hydrolysate To investigate the performance of immobilized- cellhollowfibermembrane bioreactor...
... HFCLM Hollowfiber contained liquid membrane HFMB Hollowfibermembrane bioreactor HFRLM Hollowfiber renewal liquid membrane HFSLM Hollowfiber supported liquid membrane HFSLMB Hollowfiber ... conducted for more than 400 hours to evaluate long term stability of the HFSLMB The focus of the third part of the thesis was the incorporation of the organic phase into the hollowfiber membranes for ... biodegradation performance was brought about by limiting the presence of the organic solvent to a liquid membrane supported on the hollowfiber membranes The resulting hollowfiber supported liquid membrane...
... (a) temporal profiles of P putida concentration and percentage of remaining glucose; (b) temporal concentration profiles of C vulgaris; (c) temporal profiles of total microalgal cell mass ... 43 3.2 Membrane Contactor and Fiber Bundle Fabrication 43 3.2.1 Gas exchange hollowfibermembrane 43 3.2.2 Hollowfibermembrane contactor 44 3.2.3 Fiber bundle ... exchange, the use ofhollowfiber membranes also offers several advantages over mechanical aeration, such as minimizing the stripping of organic compounds or the formation of foaming, higher aeration...
... design of dual-layer hollowfiber DCMD 219 9.1.2 Design of lotus-root-like multi-bore hollowfibermembranefor DCMD 220 9.1.3 Highly asymmetric multi-bore hollowfibermembranefor VMD ... measurements for dual-layer hollowfiber D1 68 Figure 4.5 DCMD Permeation fluxes obtained for PVDF hollow fibers 70 Figure 4.6 Temperature profile for PVDF hollowfiber D1: Tf ... development of suitable hollowfiber membranes for MD process has gained great interest in recent year In this thesis, the micro-morphology and macro-geometry of the hollowfiber membranes are...
... nanofiltration system 23 Figure 2.3 Morphology of Torlon® PAI NF hollowfiber membranes 25 Figure 2.4 Effects of take-up speed on the membrane structure of Torlon® PAI NF hollow- fiber membranes ... development of a positively charged NF hollowfibermembranefor removal of ciprofloxacin with high rejection and low fouling tendency The effect of PEI modification on the mechanisms of ciprofloxacin ... the lumen side ofhollow fibers A high flow rate of 1.6 L/min was applied so that the effect ofconcentration polarization was minimized (Re > 4000) Before testing, the hollowfiber membranes were...
... The high demands on high performance membranes for energy, water and life science usages provide the impetus formembrane scientists to search for a comprehensive understanding ofmembrane formation ... evaporation of low boiling solvents is the key factor for the formation of defect-free gas separation hollowfiber membranes [17, 21] 1.1.3 The effects of air-gap on hollowfiber formation Air-gap ... 3.8 Set-up for pure gas permeation test forhollowfiber modules………………….68 Fig 3.9 Set-up for binary mixed gas permeation test forhollowfiber modules……… 69 Fig 4.1 Effects of polymer concentration...
... weight of wet hollowfibermembrane before drying Wd Weight of dried hollowfiber membranes ρw The density of water ρ CS The density of the chitosan A Adsorption density or capacity of the hollowfiber ... sheet membrane, spiral wound membrane and hollowfiber membranes, hollowfiber membranes possess some unique advantages Firstly, hollow fibers can be packed at high density and thus provide high ... Figure 6.6 WF of the prepared blend hollowfiber membranes Figure 6.7 Effect of pH on copper ion adsorption on blend hollow fibers (q e is in terms of per gram of dry CS/CA blend hollowfiber pieces,...
... adsorption amounts of BSA on Pure CA hollowfiber membranes and CS/CA blend hollowfiber membranes 0.5-26.5-OH and 1-26-OH 78 Table 3.9 Reuse of CS/CA blend hollowfiber membranes 1-26-OH for BSA adsorption ... of CS and Pure CA hollowfibermembrane and CS/CA blend hollowfiber membranes 0.5-26.5-OH and 1-26-OH 66 Table 3.3 Pure water fluxes and water contact angles of CS and Pure CA hollowfiber membranes ... spectra of CS and Pure CA hollowfiber membranes and CS/CA blend hollowfiber membranes 0.5-26.5-OH and 1-26-OH 64 Figure 3.4 XRD diffractograms of CS and Pure CA hollowfiber membranes...
... PBI/POSS-PAN/PVP hollowfiber membranes Fig 3.13 46 Effects of PVP concentration on the NF performance of dual-layer hollowfiber membranes Fig.3.14 Effects of APS concentration on FO performance ofhollow fibers ... dual-layer hollow fibers 29 3.1.3 Effects of POSS on the morphology of the hollow fibers 32 3.1.4 Effects of POSS on permeability and selectivity ofhollow fibers in NF processes 34 3.1.5 Application of ... PBI/POSS-PAN/PVP hollowfibermembrane This work may provide useful insights for the development of outer selective FO and PRO hollowfiber membranes for osmotic power generation as well as for nanofiltration...
... asymmetric membranes, however the research is lacking in the area ofhollowfiber membranes especially as pervaporation dehydration membranes The development of novel hollowfiber pervaporation membranes ... dense / asymmetric membranes to hollowfiber membranes It comprises the understanding of pervaporation transport process, the development of novel hollowfiber pervaporation membranes based on ... pervaporation performance of recently developed polyimide membranes for pervaporation dehydration of alcohols Although investigation of inherent membrane properties through dense membranes is essential,...
... transport of cholesterol to the inner mitochondrial membrane [11] In contrast, the factors and processes responsible for the intracellular supply of cholesterol to the outer mitochondrial membrane ... hormoneproducing tissues For example, the corpus luteum and adrenal cortex contain higher concentrations of Adxp and Adrp than does the placenta ([14,15]) In the latter case, the concentrationof Adrp limits ... coding for the mature Adrp (preceded by a methionine codon) by sequences coding for the mature form of cytochrome CYP11A1 (preceded by a methionine codon) pV13SCC expresses the mature form of CYP11A1...
... Preparation ofmembrane solution and its rheological characteristics 81 3.3.2 Effect of shear rate on the performance ofhollowfiber membranes 84 v 3.3.3 Effect of take-up speed on the performance ofhollow ... fabrication ofhollowfibermembrane modules with high packing density Single-layer Fibers Dual-layer Fibers Procedure for Lab-scale HollowFiber Module with High Packing Density Figure 1-9 The scope of ... outer morphologies ofhollowfiber membranes spun from batch (A, 806 s-1; B, 3225 s-1) Figure 3-8 89 The influence of take-up speed on the performance ofhollowfiber membranes (membrane solution...
... diameter of the hollowfiber (m) Effective diffusivity of phenol through EIHFM pores (m²/s) Outer diameter of the hollowfiber (m) Theoretical value of diffusivity of phenol through a gas filled membrane ... hurdles of phase separation The design ofhollowfibermembrane contactors is simple, compact and occupies minimal space Due to the cylindrical form ofhollow fibers, they provide the highest ... objectives of this investigation are as follows: 1) Modification of immobilization method and control of parameters to obtain uniform distribution of TOPO within the thickness ofhollowfiber membranes...
... less than 10% was observed for 3D4/31 cells infected with the same virus concentration. PK15‐ C1 was therefore chosen as the cell line for development of the screening platform. A large batch of cells were frozen and used in the study until passage number 20 to ensure uniformity of ... (GraphPad Software, San Diego California USA, www.graphpad.com). One‐way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) with Bonferroni’s post‐test was performed for data obtained forCell ELISA. Cell Based Screening Assay for Inhibitors of Porcine Circovirus Type 2 (PCV2) Replication ... 2.4.2 Evaluating Drug Cytotoxicity Cells were seeded onto 96‐well plates at a density of 6000 cells per well and incubated overnight at 37o C, 5% CO2 in fresh medium. Cells were treated with various concentrations ofCell Based Screening Assay for Inhibitors of Porcine Circovirus Type 2 (PCV2) Replication ...
... PCV2 replication. Screening assays in drug discovery are generally divided into cell based and cell free formats. In this study, a whole cell approach was chosen for development primarily because of availability of materials; cell lines and ... higher infection rates for all seeding densities, these were less than 50% and cells seeded at higher density formed stacks of cells with multiple layers. Infection with higher MOI (> 10), alternatively, did ... PK15‐C1 cells, with the hope of obtaining higher infection rates1. In summary, the goal of developing a cell based method for primary screening of potential inhibitors of ...
... where the concentrations of enzymes and binding sites are often of the same order of magnitude In all of these cases, the accuracy of MichaelisMenten kinetics is unsatisfactory as a result of small ... demonstrate the validity of this last statement, we compared the performance of a simple integrator for the ZDP1-reduced PTS system against that of a state -of- theart integrator for the full PTS system ... the remaining eight concentrations off the y-axes For example, a concentrationof 25 lm for EIIAặP yields a concentrationof approximately 40 lm for HPrặP As we remarked earlier, an important assumption...
... detect parses ofhigh quality from the set of parsed sentences To explore the quality of the selected set in terms of filter f-score, we recall that the quality of a selected set of parses increases ... SEPA outperforms CB and random for all val- ues of the filter f-score parameter k, and outperforms the MR baseline where the value of k is 95 or more Although for small k values MR gets a higher f-score ... reported that the quality of a selected T-set of parses increases as the number of models N increases and sample size S decreases We therefore show the results for relatively high N (20) and relatively...
... future THE ECONOMIC IMPACTS FOR IRELAND OFHIGH OIL AND GAS PRICES 01 Foreword Foreword O il and gas prices have been the subject of considerable interest in the wake of a particularly volatile ... effect of the oil price shock on the levels of GDP for the US, UK and Euro Area are shown in Figure The THE ECONOMIC IMPACTS FOR IRELAND OFHIGH OIL AND GAS PRICES 09 Economic and Social Impacts of ... ECONOMIC IMPACTS FOR IRELAND OFHIGH OIL AND GAS PRICES Pathways to risk mitigation and a low carbon future For each of the Focus Areas presented, we offer a qualitative examination of each against...
... Results of different filters for Lena image (a) Output of SMF (b) Output of PSMF (c) Output of AMF (d) Output of DBA (e) Output of REMF (f) Output of PA Row 1–Row show processed results of various ... Results of different filters for Boat image (a) Output of SMF (b) Output of PSMF (c) Output of AMF (d) Output of DBA (e) Output of REMF (f) Output of PA Row 1–Row show processed results of various ... Results of different filters for Cameraman image (a) Output of SMF (b) Output of PSMF (c) Output of AMF (d) Output of DBA (e) Output of REMF (f) Output of PA Row 1–Row show processed results of various...